
Text -- Hosea 4:17-19 (NET)




Names, People and Places, Dictionary Themes and Topics



collapse allCommentary -- Word/Phrase Notes (per phrase)
Wesley: Hos 4:17 - -- The children of Ephraim were numerous and potent, and here put for the whole ten tribes.
The children of Ephraim were numerous and potent, and here put for the whole ten tribes.

He is obstinate, as such, throw him up.

Without ceasing from Jeroboam's time to this day.

Beside there is shameful oppression and bribery among them.

Wesley: Hos 4:19 - -- The whirlwind of wrath from God hath seized this old adulteress, and carried some of her children away already.
The whirlwind of wrath from God hath seized this old adulteress, and carried some of her children away already.

What they made their confidence, shall be their shame.
The ten tribes. Judah was at this time not so given to idolatry as afterwards.

JFB: Hos 4:17 - -- Closely and voluntarily; identifying themselves with them as a whoremonger becomes one flesh with the harlot (Num 25:3; 1Co 6:16-17).
Closely and voluntarily; identifying themselves with them as a whoremonger becomes one flesh with the harlot (Num 25:3; 1Co 6:16-17).

JFB: Hos 4:17 - -- The Hebrew means also "sorrows," "pains," implying the pain which idolatry brings on its votaries.
The Hebrew means also "sorrows," "pains," implying the pain which idolatry brings on its votaries.

JFB: Hos 4:17 - -- Leave him to himself. Let him reap the fruits of his own perverse choice; his case is desperate; say nothing to him (compare Jer 7:16). Here Hos 4:15 ...
Leave him to himself. Let him reap the fruits of his own perverse choice; his case is desperate; say nothing to him (compare Jer 7:16). Here Hos 4:15 shows the address is to Judah, to avoid the contagion of Israel's bad example. He is bent on his own ruin; leave him to his fate, lest, instead of saving him, thou fall thyself (Isa 48:20; Jer 50:8; Jer 51:6, Jer 51:45; 2Co 6:17).

JFB: Hos 4:18 - -- Metaphor for utter degeneracy of principle (Isa 1:22). Or, unbridled licentiousness; not mere ordinary sin, but as abandoned as drunkards who vomit an...
Metaphor for utter degeneracy of principle (Isa 1:22). Or, unbridled licentiousness; not mere ordinary sin, but as abandoned as drunkards who vomit and smell sour with wine potations [CALVIN]. MAURER not so well translates, "When their drinking is over, they commit whoredoms," namely, in honor of Astarte (Hos 4:13-14).

JFB: Hos 4:18 - -- (Pro 30:15). No remedy could be effectual against their corruptions since the very rulers sold justice for gifts [CALVIN]. MAURER translates, "The ru...
(Pro 30:15). No remedy could be effectual against their corruptions since the very rulers sold justice for gifts [CALVIN]. MAURER translates, "The rulers are marvelously enamored of shame." English Version is better.

JFB: Hos 4:19 - -- Israel shall be swept away from her land (Hos 4:16) suddenly and violently as if by "the wings of the wind" (Psa 18:10; Psa 104:3; Jer 4:11-12).
Israel shall be swept away from her land (Hos 4:16) suddenly and violently as if by "the wings of the wind" (Psa 18:10; Psa 104:3; Jer 4:11-12).

JFB: Hos 4:19 - -- Disappointed to their shame in their hope of help through their sacrifices to idols.
Disappointed to their shame in their hope of help through their sacrifices to idols.
Ephraim - The ten tribes

Is joined to idols - Is become incorporated with false gods

Clarke: Hos 4:17 - -- Let him alone - They are irreclaimable, leave them to the consequences of their vicious conduct.
Let him alone - They are irreclaimable, leave them to the consequences of their vicious conduct.

Clarke: Hos 4:18 - -- Their drink is sour - Or rather, he is gone after their wine. The enticements of idolatry have carried them away
Their drink is sour - Or rather, he is gone after their wine. The enticements of idolatry have carried them away

Clarke: Hos 4:18 - -- Her rulers with shame do love - Rather, have loved shame; they glory in their abominations
Her rulers with shame do love - Rather, have loved shame; they glory in their abominations

Clarke: Hos 4:18 - -- Give ye - Perhaps it would be better to read, Her rulers have committed, etc. They have loved gifts. What a shame! These were their rulers, literall...
Give ye - Perhaps it would be better to read, Her rulers have committed, etc. They have loved gifts. What a shame! These were their rulers, literally, their shields. Justice and judgment were perverted.

Clarke: Hos 4:19 - -- The wind hath bound her - A parching wind has blasted them in their wings - coasts, borders; or they are carried away into captivity, as with the mo...
The wind hath bound her - A parching wind has blasted them in their wings - coasts, borders; or they are carried away into captivity, as with the most rapid blight. These two last verses are very obscure.
Calvin: Hos 4:17 - -- As if wearied, God here bids his Prophet to rest; as though he said, “Since I prevail nothing with this people, they must be given up; cease from t...
As if wearied, God here bids his Prophet to rest; as though he said, “Since I prevail nothing with this people, they must be given up; cease from thy work.” God had set Hosea over the Israelites for this end, to lead them to repentance, if they could by any means be reformed: the duty of the Prophet, enjoined by God, was, to bring back miserable and straying men from their error, and to restore them again to the obedience of pure faith. He now saw that the Prophet’s labour was in vain, without any success. Hence he was, as I have said, wearied, and bids the Prophet to desist: Leave them, he says; that is, “There is no use for thee to weary thyself any more; I dismiss thee from thy labour, and will not have thee to take any more trouble; for they are wholly incurable.” For by saying that they had joined themselves to idols, he means, that they could not be drawn from that perverseness in which they had grown hardened; as though he said, “This is an alliance that cannot be broken.” And he alludes to the marriage which he had before mentioned: for the Israelites, we know, had been joined to God, for he had adopted them to be a holy people to himself; they afterwards adopted impious forms of worship. But yet there was a hope of recovery, until they became wholly attached to their idols, and clave so fast to them, that they could not be drawn away. This alliance the Prophet points out when he says, They are joined to idols
But he mentions the tribe of Ephraim, for the kings, (I mean, of Israel,) we know, sprang from that tribe; and at the same time he reproaches that tribe for having abused God’s blessing. We know that Ephraim was blessed by holy Jacob in preference to his elder brother; and yet there was no reason why Jacob put aside the first-born and preferred the younger, except that God in this case manifested his own good pleasure. The ingratitude of Ephraim was therefore less excusable, when he not only fell away from the pure worship of God, but polluted also the whole land; for it was Jeroboam who introduced ungodly superstitions; he therefore was the source of all the evil. This is the reason why the Prophet now expressly mentions Ephraim: though it is a form of speaking, commonly used by all the Prophets, to designate Israel, by taking a part for the whole, by the name of Ephraim.
But this passage is worthy of being noticed, that we may attend to God’s reproofs, and not remain torpid when he rouses us; for we ought ever to fear, lest he should suddenly reject us, when he is wearied with our perverseness, or when he conceives such a displeasure as not to deign to speak to us any more. It follows —

Calvin: Hos 4:18 - -- The Prophet, using a metaphor, says here first, that their drink had become putrid; which means, that they had so intemperately given themselves up t...
The Prophet, using a metaphor, says here first, that their drink had become putrid; which means, that they had so intemperately given themselves up to every kind of wickedness, that all things among them had become fetid. And the Prophet alludes to shameful and beastly excess: for the drunken are so addicted to wine, that they emit a disgusting smell, and are never satisfied with drinking, until by spewing, they throw up the excessive draughts they have taken. The Prophet then had this in view. He speaks not, however, of the drinking of wine, this is certain: but by drunkenness, on the contrary, he means that unbridled licentiousness, which then prevailed among the people. Since then they allowed themselves every thing they pleased without shame, they seemed like drunken men, insatiable, who, when wholly given to wine, think it their highest delight ever to have wine on the palate, or to fill copiously the throat, or to glut their stomach: when drunken men do these things, then they send forth the offensive smell of wine. This then is what the Prophet means, when he says, Putrid has become their drink; that is, the people observe no moderation in sinning; they offend not God now, in the common and usual manner, but are wholly like beastly men, who are nothing ashamed, constantly to belch and to spew, so that they offend by their fetid smell all who meet them. Such are this people.
He afterwards adds, By wantoning they have become wanton This is another comparison. The Prophet, we know, has hitherto been speaking of wantonness in a metaphorical sense, signifying thereby, that Israel perfidiously abandoned themselves to idols, and thus violated their faith pledged to the true God. He now follows the same metaphor here, ‘By wantoning they have become wanton.’ Hence he reproaches and represents them as infamous on two accounts, — because they cast aside every shame, like the drunken who are so delighted with wine, that through excess they send forth its offensive smell, — and because they were like wantons.
At last he says, Her princes have shamefully loved, Bring ye Here, in a peculiar way, the Prophet shows that the great sinned with extreme licentiousness; for they were given to bribery: and the eyes of the wise, we know, are blinded, and the hearts of the just are perverted, by gifts. But the Prophet designedly made this addition, that we might know that there were then none among the people who attempted to apply a remedy to the many prevailing vices; for even the rulers coveted gain; no one remembered for what purpose he had been called. Hence it happened that every one indulged himself with impunity in whatever pleased him. How so? Because there were no censors of public morals. Here we see in what a wretched state the people are, when there are none to exercise discipline, when even the judges gape for gain, and care for nothing but for gifts and riches; for then what the Prophet describes here as to the people of Israel must happen. Her princes, then, have loved, Bring ye.
Respecting the word

Calvin: Hos 4:19 - -- If this rendering be approved, The wind hath bound her in its wings, the meaning is, that a sudden storm would sweep away the people, and thus would...
If this rendering be approved, The wind hath bound her in its wings, the meaning is, that a sudden storm would sweep away the people, and thus would they be made ashamed of their sacrifices. So the past tense is to be taken for the future. We may indeed read the words in the past tense, as though the Prophet was speaking of what had already taken place. The wind, then, has already swept away the people; by which he intimates, that they seemed to have struck long and deep roots in their superstitions, but that the Lord had already given them up to the wind, that it might hold them tied in its wings. And wings, we know, is elsewhere ascribed to the wind, Psa 104:3. And thus the verse will be throughout a denunciation of vengeance.
The other similitude or metaphor is the most appropriate, and harmonizes better with the subject; for were not men to support their minds with vain confidence, they could never with so much audacity despise God’s word. Hence they are said to tie the wind in their wings; being unmindful of their own condition, they attempt as by means of the wind to fly; but when they proudly raise up themselves, they have no support but the wind. Let us now proceed —
Defender -> Hos 4:17
Defender: Hos 4:17 - -- Ephraim, as the largest and strongest of the ten tribes in the northern kingdom of Israel, is referred to as synonymous with all Israel. By this time,...
Ephraim, as the largest and strongest of the ten tribes in the northern kingdom of Israel, is referred to as synonymous with all Israel. By this time, all ten of these tribes were so consumed by idolatry that they were beyond hope of revival. As a result, God instructed Hosea and other prophets to quit trying (compare Gen 6:3). Their remaining burden was to call Judah to retain her faith in the true God (Hos 4:15) rather than following Israel."
TSK: Hos 4:17 - -- Ephraim : Hos 11:2, Hos 12:1, Hos 13:2
let : Hos 4:4; Psa 81:12; Mat 15:14; Rev 22:11

TSK: Hos 4:18 - -- drink : Deu 32:32, Deu 32:33; Isa 1:21, Isa 1:22; Jer 2:21
sour : Heb. gone
committed : Hos 4:2, Hos 4:10; 2Ki 17:7-17
her : Exo 23:8; Deu 16:19; 1Sa ...

TSK: Hos 4:19 - -- wind : Jer 4:11, Jer 4:12, Jer 51:1; Zec 5:9-11
and : Hos 10:6; Isa 1:29, Isa 42:17; Jer 2:26, Jer 2:27, Jer 2:36, Jer 2:37, Jer 3:24, Jer 3:25, Jer 1...

collapse allCommentary -- Word/Phrase Notes (per Verse)
Barnes: Hos 4:17 - -- Ephraim is joined to idols - that is, banded, bound up with them, "associated,"as the word means, with them so as to cleave to them, willing ne...
Ephraim is joined to idols - that is, banded, bound up with them, "associated,"as the word means, with them so as to cleave to them, willing neither to part with nor to be parted from, them. The idols are called by a name, denoting toils; with toil they were fashioned, and, when fashioned, they were a toil and grief.
Let him alone - Literally, give him rest, i. e., from all further expostulations, which he will not hear. It is an abandonment of Israel for the time, as in the prophet Ezekiel, "As for you, O house of Israel, thus saith the Lord God, go ye, serve ye every one his idols"Eze 20:39. Sinners often long not to be tormented by conscience or by God’ s warnings. To be left so, is to be abandoned by God, as one whose case is desperate. God will not, while there is hope, leave a man to sleep in sin; for so the numbness of the soul increases, until, like those who fall asleep amid extreme cold of the body, it never awakes.

Barnes: Hos 4:18 - -- Their drink is sour - Literally, "turned,"as we say of milk. So Isaiah says, "Thy silver is become dross; thy wine is mingled,"i. e., adulterat...
Their drink is sour - Literally, "turned,"as we say of milk. So Isaiah says, "Thy silver is become dross; thy wine is mingled,"i. e., adulterated, "with water"Isa 1:22; and our lord speaks of "salt which had lost its savor."The wine or the salt, when once turned or become insipid, is spoiled, irrecoverably, as we speak of "dead wine."They had lost all their life, and taste of goodness.
Her rulers with shame do love, give ye - Avarice and luxury are continually banded together according to the saying, "covetous of another’ s, prodigal of his own."Yet it were perhaps more correct to render, "her rulers do love, do love, shame."They love that which brings shame, which is bound up with shame, and ends in it; and so the prophet says that they "love the shame"itself. They act, as if they were in love with the shame, which, all their lives long, they are unceasingly and, as it were, by system, drawing upon themselves. They chase diligently after all the occasions of sins and sinful pleasures which end in shame; they omit nothing which brings it, do nothing which can avoid it. What else or what more could they do, if they "loved the shame"for its own sake?

Barnes: Hos 4:19 - -- The wind hath bound her up in her wings - When God brought Israel out of Egypt, He "bare them on eagle’ s wings, and brought them unto Him...
The wind hath bound her up in her wings - When God brought Israel out of Egypt, He "bare them on eagle’ s wings, and brought them unto Himself"Exo 19:4; Deu 32:11. Now they had abandoned God, and God abandoned them as chaff to the wind. The certainty of Israel’ s doom is denoted by its being spoken of in the past. It was certain in the divine judgment. Sudden, resistless, irreversible are God’ s judgments, when they come. As if "imprisoned in the viewless winds,"and "borne with resistless violence,"as it were on the wings of the whirlwind, Israel should be hurried by the mighty wrath of God into captivity in a distant land, bound up so that none should escape, but, when arrived there, dispersed here and there, as the chaff before the wind.
And they shall be ashamed because of their sacrifices - They had sacrificed to the calves, to Baal, or to the sun, moon, stars, hoping aid from them rather than from God. When then they should see, in deed, that from those their sacrifices no good came to them, but evil only, they should be healthfully ashamed. So, in fact, in her captivity, did Israel learn to be ashamed of her idols; and so does GOd by healthful disappointment, make us ashamed of seeking out of Him, the good things, which He alone hath, and hath in store for them who love Him.
Poole: Hos 4:17 - -- The children of Ephraim were numerous and potent among the ten tribes, a principal part of them, and out of which tribe the first idolater and usurp...
The children of Ephraim were numerous and potent among the ten tribes, a principal part of them, and out of which tribe the first idolater and usurper did arise, 1Ki 11:26 ; and therefore the whole body of the ten tribes, and the rulers among them, are here particularly pointed at.
Is joined to idols associated as friends to friends, or joined as lovers are joined to lovers; married to idols, and will not be taken off.
Let him alone he is indeed obstinately bent on his old courses, and as such throw him up; he will not return; let him wander, but let it be alone, O Judah, be not his companion, his friend, go not with him.

Poole: Hos 4:18 - -- Though in their idol feasts they drink wine and strong drinks, yet this is either sour and unpleasant, or corrupt and hurtful, there is no good savo...
Though in their idol feasts they drink wine and strong drinks, yet this is either sour and unpleasant, or corrupt and hurtful, there is no good savour in it; therefore, O Judah, decline thou the intimate familiarity, and have nothing to do with the idolatries, of Israel.
They have committed whoredom both spiritual and corporal, continually, without ceasing from Jeroboam’ s time to this day, two hundred years, one king after another, and one idolater after another; not one but either was an idolatrous worshipper of Baal or the calves, &c.
Her rulers with shame do love, Give ye beside all this, there is shameful oppression and bribery among them; and what good then, O Judah, canst thou look for from society and friendship with them?

Poole: Hos 4:19 - -- The whirlwind of wrath from God hath already seized this old adulteress, and carried some of her children away already, 2Ki 15:19,29 . Execution of ...
The whirlwind of wrath from God hath already seized this old adulteress, and carried some of her children away already, 2Ki 15:19,29 . Execution of judgment is already begun, and therefore, O Judah, keep distance from Ephraim.
They shall be ashamed greatly confounded and disappointed of their hopes: as thou, O Judah, wouldst prevent this shame, flee the society of these idolaters.
Because of their sacrifices what they made their confidence shall be their shame, their own idols cannot help them. but their idolatry shall surely undo them. Their idols which they worshipped and depended on shall be their shame and confusion, for thy God, O Judah, hath cursed such people. Confounded be all they that serve graven images, that boast themselves of idols , Psa 97:7 . If Israel do, yet, O Judah, do not thou so.
Haydock: Hos 4:17 - -- Partaker. Hebrew, "tied to abominations." ---
Alone. His case is desperate. (Calmet) ---
Septuagint, "he has placed stumbling-blocks for himsel...
Partaker. Hebrew, "tied to abominations." ---
Alone. His case is desperate. (Calmet) ---
Septuagint, "he has placed stumbling-blocks for himself." (Haydock)

Haydock: Hos 4:18 - -- Separated from that allowed to God's people, Deuteronomy xii. 12. Hebrew, "insipid," or spoiled. Chaldean, "their princes have sought after banquet...
Separated from that allowed to God's people, Deuteronomy xii. 12. Hebrew, "insipid," or spoiled. Chaldean, "their princes have sought after banquets." Septuagint, "He has provoked ( surpassed ) the Chanaanites." These two have not read as we do. ---
They. Hebrew, "their shields ( chiefs ) have loved shame:" dissolute practices, or "presents," which are disgraceful. (Calmet) ---
Septuagint, "They have loved shame by her rage. ( 19 ) A whirlwind shall whistle in," &c. (Haydock)

Wings. They shall be quickly removed hence. (Calmet)
Gill: Hos 4:17 - -- Ephraim is joined to idols,.... That is, the ten tribes of Israel, frequently so called after their separation from the rest, because that Jeroboam, b...
Ephraim is joined to idols,.... That is, the ten tribes of Israel, frequently so called after their separation from the rest, because that Jeroboam, by whom the revolt was made, was of that tribe; and because that tribe was the principal of them, and Samaria, the metropolis of their kingdom, was in it: and so the Targum here renders it,
"the house of Israel are joined to idols;''
to the calves at Dan and Bethel; to Baal, and other idols, they worshipped: the phrase expresses their strong affection for them, their constant worship of them, and their obstinate persisting therein, and the difficulty there was of bringing them off of it; they cleaved to their idols, were glued, and as it were wedded unto them, and there was no separating of them; as men are, who are addicted to the lusts of the flesh, to the mammon of unrighteousness, or to their own self-righteousness, or to any idol they set up in their hearts as such: hence it follows,
let them alone: which are either the words of the Lord to the prophet, enjoining him to prophesy no more to them; to reprove them no more for their sins, since it was all to no purpose, there was no reclaiming them, so Jarchi and Kimchi; and therefore let them alone, let them go on in their sins, and in their errors, and in their superstition and idolatry; see Eze 3:26. God was determined to let them alone himself, and therefore bids his prophet to do so likewise: and sad is the case with men when he lets them alone, and will not disturb their consciences any more by jogs and convictions, but gives them up to a seared conscience, to hardness of heart, and to their own lusts; when he will not hedge up their way with thorns, or distress them with afflictive providences, and hinder them from going on in a course of sin and wickedness; nor give them restraining grace, but suffer them to go on in the broad road, till they drop into hell; and says of them,
let him that is filthy be filthy still, Rev 22:11 or else they are the words of the prophet to the men of Judah, to have nothing to do with Israel, since they were such backsliders and idolaters; to have no communion and conversation with them, but let them be alone, and worship alone for them; since what fellowship has righteousness with unrighteousness, light with darkness, Christ with Belial, a believer with an infidel, or the temple of the living God with idols and idolaters? 2Co 6:14, some take them to be the words of the prophet to God concerning Israel, approving of his righteous judgments, in threatening to feed them as a lamb in a large place; dismiss him thither, suffer and leave him to feed there. The Targum interprets it of their sin, and not their punishment,
"they have left their worship;''
the service of God.

Gill: Hos 4:18 - -- Their drink is sour,.... In their stomachs, having drank so much that they cannot digest it; hence nauseous eructations, with a filthy stench, are bel...
Their drink is sour,.... In their stomachs, having drank so much that they cannot digest it; hence nauseous eructations, with a filthy stench, are belched out; so it is a charge of drunkenness which Ephraim or the ten tribes were addicted to, and are accused of, Isa 28:1 or "their drink is gone" y; it has lost its colour, brightness, smell, and flavour; it is turned to vinegar; expressive of the general corruption and depravity of manners and religion among them; see Isa 1:22 or "their drink departeth", or "causeth to depart"; or "is refractory" z; that is, it made them refractory, like a refractory belief, as before; caused them to depart from God and his worship, and led them into all sin and irreligion, particularly what follows:
they have committed whoredom continually; corporeal whoredom, which drunkenness leads to; and spiritual whoredom or idolatry, which they had committed, and continued in, ever since the days of Jeroboam the son of Nebat, and increased therein:
her rulers with shame do love, give ye; or "her shields" a; those that should have been the protectors of Israel, compared before to a heifer; and preserved them not only from their external enemies, but from all innovations in religion; and which we rightly enough render "rulers", civil and ecclesiastic, kings, princes, and priests; see Psa 47:9, these "loved, give ye", which was a "shame" to them: the sense is, either they loved gifts and bribes, and were continually saying, "give, give", when causes were to be tried, and so perverted justice and judgment, which was very shameful; or they loved wine and strong drink, and therefore required it to be continually given them, which was very scandalous in rulers more especially, Pro 30:4; or they loved whoredom, both in a corporeal and spiritual sense, and desired more harlots and more idols, and added to their old ones, which was very abominable and ignominious. So the Targum,
"they turned themselves after fornication they loved, which brought shame unto them;''
and these may be considered as so many reasons why Judah should have nothing to do with Israel.

Gill: Hos 4:19 - -- The wind hath bound her up in her wings,.... That is, the wind in its wings hath bound up Ephraim, Israel, or the ten tribes, compared to a heifer; me...
The wind hath bound her up in her wings,.... That is, the wind in its wings hath bound up Ephraim, Israel, or the ten tribes, compared to a heifer; meaning, that the wind of God's wrath and vengeance, or the enemy, the Assyrian, should come like a whirlwind, and carry them swiftly, suddenly, and irresistibly, out of their own land, into a foreign country: the past tense for the future, as is common in prophecy, because of the certainty of it; so Jarchi and Joseph Kimchi: but Aben Ezra, David Kimchi, Abarbinel, and Abendana, render it "she", that is, Israel, "hath bound up the wind in her wings" b; meaning that they had laboured in vain in their idolatrous worship; and it was all one as if a than should attempt to gather the wind, and bind it up in the skirts of his garment, and when he opens them there is nothing to be found: and to this sense is the Targum,
"the works of their great men are not right, as it is impossible to bind the wind in a wing;''
referring to the sins of their rulers, as before: or rather the sense is, the wind shall get into the loose skirts of the garments of, he Israelites, which shall be as a sail to it, as Schmidt observes, and shall carry them into distant lands; which falls in with the first sense of the words, and is best:
and they shall be ashamed because of their sacrifices: they of the ten tribes, the people of Israel; or their shields, their rulers, as Aben Ezra, shall be filled with shame, being disappointed of the help they expected from their idols, to whom they offered sacrifices; and the more, inasmuch as they will find that these idolatrous sacrifices are the cause of their ruin and destruction. The Targum is,
"because of the altars of their idols;''
and so the Septuagint, Syriac, and Arabic versions, "because of their altars".

expand allCommentary -- Verse Notes / Footnotes
NET Notes -> Hos 4:19
NET Notes: Hos 4:19 Heb “their altars” (so NAB, NRSV) or “their sacrifices” (so KJV, NASB, NIV). Here זִבְחו...
Geneva Bible: Hos 4:18 Their drink is sour: they have committed whoredom continually: her rulers [with] shame do love, ( x ) Give ye.
( x ) They are so shameless in receivi...

Geneva Bible: Hos 4:19 The wind hath ( y ) bound her up in her wings, and they shall be ashamed because of their sacrifices.
( y ) To carry them suddenly away.

expand allCommentary -- Verse Range Notes
TSK Synopsis -> Hos 4:1-19
TSK Synopsis: Hos 4:1-19 - --1 God denounces judgments on Israel, for their aggravated impieties and iniquities.12 He exposes the ignorance and wickedness of the priests, and prof...
Maclaren -> Hos 4:17
Maclaren: Hos 4:17 - --Let Him Alone'
Ephraim is joined to idols: let him alone.'--Hosea 4:17.
THE tribe of Ephraim was the most important member of the kingdom of Israel; ...
MHCC -> Hos 4:12-19
MHCC: Hos 4:12-19 - --The people consulted images, and not the Divine word. This would lead to disorder and sin. Thus men prepare scourges for themselves, and vice is sprea...
Matthew Henry -> Hos 4:12-19
Matthew Henry: Hos 4:12-19 - -- In these verses we have, as before, I. The sins charged upon the people of Israel, for which God had a controversy with them, and they are, 1. Spiri...
Keil-Delitzsch -> Hos 4:17; Hos 4:18-19
Keil-Delitzsch: Hos 4:17 - --
"Ephraim is joined to idols, let it alone." חבוּר עצבּים , bound up with idols, so that it cannot give them up. Ephraim, the most powerfu...

Keil-Delitzsch: Hos 4:18-19 - --
"Their drinking has degenerated; whoring they have committed whoredom; their shields have loved, loved shame. Hos 4:19. The wind has wrapt it up i...
Constable: Hos 4:1--6:4 - --IV. The third series of messages on judgment and restoration: widespread guilt 4:1--6:3
The remaining messages t...

Constable: Hos 4:1--5:15 - --A. The judgment oracles chs. 4-5
Chapters 4 and 5 contain more messages of judgment. Chapter 4 focuses o...

Constable: Hos 4:1-19 - --1. Yahweh's case against Israel ch. 4
This chapter exposes Israel's sins more particularly than ...
