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Text -- Isaiah 21:1-13 (NET)

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Context
The Lord Will Judge Babylon
21:1 Here is a message about the Desert by the Sea: Like strong winds blowing in the south, one invades from the desert, from a land that is feared. 21:2 I have received a distressing message: “The deceiver deceives, the destroyer destroys. Attack, you Elamites! Lay siege, you Medes! I will put an end to all the groaning!” 21:3 For this reason reason my stomach churns; cramps overwhelm me like the contractions of a woman in labor. I am disturbed by what I hear, horrified by what I see. 21:4 My heart palpitates, I shake in fear; the twilight I desired has brought me terror. 21:5 Arrange the table, lay out the carpet, eat and drink! Get up, you officers, smear oil on the shields! 21:6 For this is what the sovereign master has told me: “Go, post a guard! He must report what he sees. 21:7 When he sees chariots, teams of horses, riders on donkeys, riders on camels, he must be alert, very alert.” 21:8 Then the guard cries out: “On the watchtower, O sovereign master, I stand all day long; at my post I am stationed every night. 21:9 Look what’s coming! A charioteer, a team of horses.” When questioned, he replies, “Babylon has fallen, fallen! All the idols of her gods lie shattered on the ground!” 21:10 O my downtrodden people, crushed like stalks on the threshing floor, what I have heard from the Lord who commands armies, the God of Israel, I have reported to you.
Bad News for Seir
21:11 Here is a message about Dumah: Someone calls to me from Seir, “Watchman, what is left of the night? Watchman, what is left of the night?” 21:12 The watchman replies, “Morning is coming, but then night. If you want to ask, ask; come back again.”
The Lord Will Judge Arabia
21:13 Here is a message about Arabia: In the thicket of Arabia you spend the night, you Dedanite caravans.
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Names, People and Places, Dictionary Themes and Topics

Names, People and Places:
 · Arabia the entire region of the Arabian Peninsula, the Sinai Peninsula, the land of Edom, and all the land between the Jordan Valley and the Euphrates River (ZD).,a region of desert plains
 · Babylon a country of Babylon in lower Mesopotamia
 · Dedanites an island off the southwest coast of Asia Minor in the Mediterranean Sea,an island on the south coast of Turkey, 170 km NE of Crete
 · Dumah son of Ishmael son of Abraham and Hagar,a town in the hill country of Judah,the country of Edom SW of the Dead Sea
 · Edom resident(s) of the region of Edom
 · Elam son of Shem son of Noah,a country east of the Tigris and Babylon in the territory of Media,son of Shashak of Benjamin,son of Meshelemiah; a Levite gatekeeper,a man whose descendants returned from exile in Babylon; Elam I,forefather of exile returnees with Zerubbabel; Elam II,forefather of returnees headed by Jeshaiah,forefather of Shecaniah who had to put away his heathen wife,an Israelite chief who signed the covenant to obey God's law,a priest who helped Nehemiah dedicate the new wall of Jerusalem
 · Israel a citizen of Israel.,a member of the nation of Israel
 · Media a country on the SW coast of the Caspian Sea
 · Negeb geographical region: South country
 · sea the Dead Sea, at the southern end of the Jordan River,the Mediterranean Sea,the Persian Gulf south east of Babylon,the Red Sea
 · Seir a mountain and adjoining land,a man from the highlands of Seir (OS); father-in-law of Esau


Dictionary Themes and Topics: Isaiah | Isaiah, The Book of | Persia | Babylon | HEZEKIAH (2) | Watchman | BABEL | Watches | Dumah | Night | Elam | Arabia | Dedanim | TOWER | Wilderness | SHIELD | WARD | Edomites | Cyrus | IVORY | more
Table of Contents

Verse Notes / Footnotes
NET Notes

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Commentary -- Verse Notes / Footnotes

NET Notes: Isa 21:1 Or “in the Negev” (NASB).

NET Notes: Isa 21:2 This is often interpreted to mean “all the groaning” that Babylon has caused others.

NET Notes: Isa 21:3 Or perhaps, “bent over [in pain]”; cf. NRSV “I am bowed down.”

NET Notes: Isa 21:4 Heb “shuddering terrifies me.”

NET Notes: Isa 21:5 Smearing the shields with oil would make them more flexible and effective in battle. See J. N. Oswalt, Isaiah (NICOT), 1:394.

NET Notes: Isa 21:6 The Hebrew term translated “sovereign master” here and in vv. 8, 16 is אֲדֹנָי (’adonay).

NET Notes: Isa 21:7 Or “a pair of horsemen.”

NET Notes: Isa 21:8 The Hebrew term translated “sovereign master” here is אֲדֹנָי (’adonay). Some translations...

NET Notes: Isa 21:9 Heb “and he answered and said” (so KJV, ASV).

NET Notes: Isa 21:10 Heb “My trampled one, and the son of the threshing floor.”

NET Notes: Isa 21:11 The “night” probably here symbolizes distress and difficult times. See BDB 539 s.v. לַיְלָה.

NET Notes: Isa 21:12 The point of the watchman’s final instructions (“if you want to ask, ask; come again”) is unclear. Perhaps they are included to add ...

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