Jdg 3:1-9 - Commentary

Commentary

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Text -- Judges 3:1-9 (NET)

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Context

3:1 These were the nations the Lord permitted to remain so he could use them to test Israel– he wanted to test all those who had not experienced battle against the Canaanites. 3:2 He left those nations simply because he wanted to teach the subsequent generations of Israelites, who had not experienced the earlier battles, how to conduct holy war. 3:3 These were the nations: the five lords of the Philistines, all the Canaanites, the Sidonians, and the Hivites living in Mount Lebanon, from Mount Baal Hermon to Lebo-Hamath. 3:4 They were left to test Israel, so the Lord would know if his people would obey the commands he gave their ancestors through Moses. 3:5 The Israelites lived among the Canaanites, Hittites, Amorites, Perizzites, Hivites, and Jebusites. 3:6 They took the Canaanites’ daughters as wives and gave their daughters to the Canaanites; they worshiped their gods as well.

Othniel: A Model Leader

3:7 The Israelites did evil in the Lord’s sight. They forgot the Lord their God and worshiped the Baals and the Asherahs. 3:8 The Lord was furious with Israel and turned them over to King Cushan-Rishathaim of Aram-Naharaim. They were Cushan-Rishathaim’s subjects for eight years. 3:9 When the Israelites cried out for help to the Lord, he raised up a deliverer for the Israelites who rescued them. His name was Othniel son of Kenaz, Caleb’s younger brother.

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Cross Reference (TSK)

ITL

Names, People and Places, Dictionary Themes and Topics

Names, People and Places:

· Amorites members of a pre-Israel Semitic tribe from Mesopotamia

· Baal a pagan god,a title of a pagan god,a town in the Negeb on the border of Simeon and Judah,son of Reaiah son of Micah; a descendant of Reuben,the forth son of Jeiel, the Benjamite

· Caleb son of Hezron son of Perez son of Judah

· Canaan the region ofeast Mediterranean coastal land from Arvad (modern Lebanon) south to Gaza,the coast land from Mt. Carmel north to the Orontes River

· Canaanites the region ofeast Mediterranean coastal land from Arvad (modern Lebanon) south to Gaza,the coast land from Mt. Carmel north to the Orontes River

· Cushan-rishathaim king of Mesopotamia in the time of the judges

· Cushan-Rishathaim king of Mesopotamia in the time of the judges

· hamath a town of Syria on the Orontes between Aleppo and Damascus (OS)

· Hamath a town of unknown location

· Hittite a person/people living in the land of Syro-Palestine

· Hivite a person/people descended from Canaan son of Ham son of Noah

· Israel a citizen of Israel.,a member of the nation of Israel

· Jebusite resident(s) of the town of Jebus (Jerusalem)

· Kenaz son of Eliphaz son of Esau,a chief of Edom,a descendant of Jephunneh of Judah; brother to Caleb the friend of Joshua; father of Othniel,son of Elah of Jephunneh of Judah

· Lebanon a mountain range and the adjoining regions (IBD)

· Mesopotamia the country between the Tigris and Euphrates rivers,the region between (and around) the Tigris and Euphrates Rivers

· Moses a son of Amram; the Levite who led Israel out of Egypt and gave them The Law of Moses,a Levite who led Israel out of Egypt and gave them the law

· Othniel son of Kenaz of Judah; son-in-law to his uncle Caleb

· Perizzite a people of ancient Canaan in the later territory of Ephraim

· Philistines a sea people coming from Crete in 1200BC to the coast of Canaan

· Sidonians residents of the town of Sidon

Table of Contents

Verse Notes / Footnotes NET Notes

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Commentary -- Verse Notes / Footnotes

NET Notes: Jdg 3:1 Heb “did not know the wars of Canaan.”

NET Notes: Jdg 3:2 The stated purpose for leaving the nations (to teach the subsequent generations…how to conduct holy war) seems to contradict 2:22 and 3:4, which...

NET Notes: Jdg 3:3 Or “the entrance to Hamath.”

NET Notes: Jdg 3:4 Heb “to know if they would hear the commands of the Lord which he commanded their fathers by the hand of Moses.”

NET Notes: Jdg 3:6 Or “served”; or “followed” (this term occurs in the following verse as well).

NET Notes: Jdg 3:7 The Asherahs were local manifestations of the Canaanite goddess Asherah.

NET Notes: Jdg 3:8 Or “they served Cushan-Rishathaim.”

NET Notes: Jdg 3:9 “Caleb’s younger brother” may refer to Othniel or to Kenaz (in which case Othniel is Caleb’s nephew).

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