Jdg 4:1-6 - Commentary

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Text -- Judges 4:1-6 (NET)

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Context

Deborah Summons Barak

4:1 The Israelites again did evil in the Lord’s sight after Ehud’s death. 4:2 The Lord turned them over to King Jabin of Canaan, who ruled in Hazor. The general of his army was Sisera, who lived in Harosheth Haggoyim. 4:3 The Israelites cried out for help to the Lord, because Sisera had nine hundred chariots with iron-rimmed wheels, and he cruelly oppressed the Israelites for twenty years. 4:4 Now Deborah, a prophetess, wife of Lappidoth, was leading Israel at that time. 4:5 She would sit under the Date Palm Tree of Deborah between Ramah and Bethel in the Ephraimite hill country. The Israelites would come up to her to have their disputes settled. 4:6 She summoned Barak son of Abinoam from Kedesh in Naphtali. She said to him, “Is it not true that the Lord God of Israel is commanding you? Go, march to Mount Tabor! Take with you ten thousand men from Naphtali and Zebulun!

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Names, People and Places, Dictionary Themes and Topics

Names, People and Places:

· Abinoam father of Barak from Kedesh in Naphtali

· Barak a son of Abinoam in the days of the judges,son of Abinoam from Kedesh in Naphtali who defeated Sisera

· Bethel a town of Benjamin bordering Ephraim 18 km north of Jerusalem

· Canaan the region ofeast Mediterranean coastal land from Arvad (modern Lebanon) south to Gaza,the coast land from Mt. Carmel north to the Orontes River

· Deborah Rebekah's nurse,wife of Lappidoth; prophetess and judge of Israel

· Ehud son of Bilhan son of Jediael son of Benjamin; a war chief,son of Gera (Bela Benjamin); a judge of Israel before King Saul

· Ephraim the tribe of Ephraim as a whole,the northern kingdom of Israel

· Harosheth-Ha-Goiim a town perhaps near modern Haifa (OS)

· Hazor a town 15 km north of Chinnereth, the NW shore of Galilee,a town of south-eastern Judah,a town of south-eastern Judah 20 km south of Hebron (OS),a town of Ephraim 25 km north of Jerusalem,a collective name for some semi-namadic Arabs as distinct from the bedoin of the desert (OS)

· Israel a citizen of Israel.,a member of the nation of Israel

· Jabin king of Hazor in the time of Joshua,king of Canaan in Hazor in the time of Judge Deborah and Baruch

· Kedesh a city of refuge in Naphtali, given to the Levite descendants of Gershon; originally a Canaanite town,a town in Issachar given to the GershoniteLevites,a town of south-eastern Judah near the border of Edom (YC)

· Lappidoth husband of Deborah, the prophetess who judged Israel

· Naphtali region/territority and the tribe of Israel,the son of Jacob and Bilhah,the tribe of people descended from Naphtali,the territory of the people of Naphtali

· Ramah a town 8 km north of Jerusalem,a town of Simeon,a town of Benjamin 9 km north of Jerusalem and 8 km south of Bethel (OS),a town on the border of Asher (OS),a town of Ephraim 10 km SE of Aphek, and 25 km east of Joppa,a town in Gilead 50-60 km east of Beth-Shan

· Sisera the commander of the army of Jabin, king of Canaan in Hazor,a Levite leader of a group of temple servants in Ezra's time

· Tabor a mountain on the border between Issachar, Zebulun and Naphtali,a place near Bethel where there was a notable oak tree (OS),a town of Zebulun near Issachar given to the Merarites

· Zebulun the tribe of Israel that came from Zebulun whose territory was in Galilee,the man; son of Jacob and Leah,the tribe of Zebulun,the territory of the tribe of Zebulun