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Text -- Jeremiah 31:29 (NET)

Strongs On/Off
Context
The Lord Will Make a New Covenant with Israel and Judah
31:29 “When that time comes, people will no longer say, ‘The parents have eaten sour grapes, but the children’s teeth have grown numb.’
Parallel   Cross Reference (TSK)   ITL  

Names, People and Places, Dictionary Themes and Topics

Dictionary Themes and Topics: ZECHARIAH, BOOK OF | VINE | SOUR | SALVATION | RESURRECTION | Proverbs | PROVERB | LAMENTATIONS, BOOK OF | JEREMIAH (2) | IMPUTATION | Heredity | GUILT | GOD, 2 | GAMES | Ephraim | EZEKIEL, 1 | ESCHATOLOGY OF THE OLD TESTAMENT | EDGE | Children | BLOOD, REVENGER OF | more
Table of Contents

Word/Phrase Notes
JFB , Clarke , Calvin , TSK

Word/Phrase Notes
Barnes , Poole , Haydock , Gill

Verse Notes / Footnotes
NET Notes , Geneva Bible

Verse Range Notes
TSK Synopsis , MHCC , Matthew Henry , Keil-Delitzsch , Constable

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Commentary -- Word/Phrase Notes (per phrase)

JFB: Jer 31:29 - -- After their punishment has. been completed, and mercy again visits them.

After their punishment has. been completed, and mercy again visits them.

JFB: Jer 31:29 - -- The proverb among the exiles' children born in Babylon, to express that they suffered the evil consequences of their fathers' sins rather than of thei...

The proverb among the exiles' children born in Babylon, to express that they suffered the evil consequences of their fathers' sins rather than of their own (Lam 5:7; Eze 18:2-3).

Clarke: Jer 31:29 - -- The fathers have eaten a sour grape - A proverbial expression for, "The children suffer for the offenses of their parents."This is explained in the ...

The fathers have eaten a sour grape - A proverbial expression for, "The children suffer for the offenses of their parents."This is explained in the next verse: "Every one shall die for his own iniquity."No child shall suffer Divine punition for the sin of his father; only so far as he acts in the same way can he be said to bear the sins of his parents.

Calvin: Jer 31:29 - -- Ezekiel shews that it was a complaint commonly prevailing among the people, that they suffered for the sins of their fathers, as Horace also says, a ...

Ezekiel shews that it was a complaint commonly prevailing among the people, that they suffered for the sins of their fathers, as Horace also says, a heathen and a despiser of God, “O Roman, thou dost undeservedly suffer for the faults of thy fathers.” 51 Such, then, was the arrogance of the Jews, as to strive with God, as though he punished them, while they were innocent; and they expressed this by using a proverb, “If our fathers have eaten sour grapes, what is the reason that our teeth are set on edge?” We know that teeth are set on edge when unripe fruits are eaten; but the word properly means sour grapes, which the Greeks call omphakes. Then the Prophet says, that this proverb would be no longer used, for after having been tamed by evils, they would at length know that God had not dealt so severely with them without a just cause.

We now perceive the meaning of the Prophet. And he says, In those days, that is, after God had punished the people, and also embraced them through his mercy; for both these things were necessary, that is, that their perverseness and pride should be subdued, and that they should cease to expostulate with God, and also that the gratuitous favor of God should be manifested to them. At that time then, he says, they shall not use this impious proverb, The fathers have eaten a sour grape, and the children’s teeth have been blunted: 52 but on the contrary, he adds, every one shall die in his own iniquity; and whosoever eateth a sour grape, his teeth shall be blunted; that is, at that time the just judgment of God shall be exalted, so that there will be no place for these insolent and blasphemous clamors; the mercy of God will also be made manifest, for men, worthy of death, will be delivered, but not otherwise than through the gratuitous goodness of God.

TSK: Jer 31:29 - -- Jer 31:30; Lam 5:7; Eze 18:2, Eze 18:3

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Commentary -- Word/Phrase Notes (per Verse)

Barnes: Jer 31:27-34 - -- The prophet shows that the happiness of Israel and Judah, united in one prosperous nation, will rest upon the consciousness that their chastisement ...

The prophet shows that the happiness of Israel and Judah, united in one prosperous nation, will rest upon the consciousness that their chastisement has been the result of sins which they have themselves committed, and that God’ s covenant depends not upon external sanctions, but upon a renewed heart.

Jer 31:27

So rapid shall be the increase that it shall seem as if children and young cattle sprang up out of the ground.

Jer 31:29, Jer 31:30

A sour grape - Better, sour grapes. The idea that Jeremiah and Ezekiel (marginal reference) modified the terms of the second Commandment arises from a mistaken exegesis of their words. Compare Jer 32:18; Deu 24:16. The obdurate Jews made it a reproach to the divine justice that the nation was to be sorely visited for Manasseh’ s sin. But this was only because generation after generation had, instead of repenting, repeated the sins of that evil time, and even in a worse form. justice must at length have its course. The acknowledgment that each man died for his own iniquity was a sign of their return to a more just and right state of feeling.

Jer 31:31

A time is foretold which shall be to the nation as marked an epoch as was the Exodus. God at Sinai made a covenant with His people, of which the sanctions were material, or (where spiritual) materially understood. Necessarily therefore the Mosaic Church was temporary, but the sanctions of Jeremiah’ s Church are spiritual - written in the heart - and therefore it must take the place of the former covenant Heb 8:13, and must last forever. The prophecy was fulfilled when those Jews who accepted Jesus of Nazareth as the Messiah, expanded the Jewish into the Christian Church.

Jer 31:32

Although ... - i. e., although as their husband (or, "lord"(Baal, compare Hos 2:16)) I had lawful authority over them. The translation in Heb 8:9 agrees with the Septuagint here, but the balance of authority is in favor of the King James Version.

Jer 31:33

The old law could be broken Jer 31:32; to remedy this God gives, not a new law, but a new power to the old law. It used to be a mere code of morals, external to man, and obeyed as a duty. In Christianity, it becomes an inner force, shaping man’ s character from within.

Jer 31:34

I will forgive their iniquity - The foundation of the new covenant is the free forgiveness of sins (compare Mat 1:21). It is the sense of this full unmerited love which so affects the heart as to make obedience henceforward an inner necessity.

Poole: Jer 31:29 - -- That is, We are punished for our fathers’ sins; which yet God may justly do; and none questioneth the justice of man in the case, depriving ch...

That is, We are punished for our fathers’ sins; which yet God may justly do; and none questioneth the justice of man in the case, depriving children of their patrimonial estates for their parents’ treasons; nor more than God threateneth in the second commandment, God indeed, Eze 18:2 , seemeth displeased at their use of this proverb; but the reason is, because they so used it as to acquit themselves, intimating they were guiltless, and suffered only for the sins of their parents, whereas that was false; otherwise the punishment of children for the sins of their parents was no more than God had threatened, Exo 20:5 34:7 Jer 15:4 . But, saith God, your captivity shall, as to you, expiate your parents’ guilt past, and you shall no more say so.

Haydock: Jer 31:29 - -- Edge. Such observations had been too often made, Ezechiel xviii. 12. (Haydock) --- Henceforward you shall not suffer for the faults of Achab, Mana...

Edge. Such observations had been too often made, Ezechiel xviii. 12. (Haydock) ---

Henceforward you shall not suffer for the faults of Achab, Manasses, &c. Each one shall bear his own burden. The captivity has been like a deluge, cleaning all away. (Calmet)

Gill: Jer 31:29 - -- In those days they shall say no more,.... The following proverb or byword; they should have no occasion to use it, nor should they choose to use it; s...

In those days they shall say no more,.... The following proverb or byword; they should have no occasion to use it, nor should they choose to use it; since they would understand themselves, and the dispensations of Providence towards them, better than to use it:

the fathers have eaten a sour grape, and the children's teeth are set on edge; that is, the fathers have sinned, and the children are punished for their sins. So the Targum,

"the fathers have sinned, and the children are smitten.''

This was in some sense true; they were punished for their fathers' sins in the captivity, particularly for Manasseh's; nor was it unusual with God to visit the iniquities of the fathers upon the children; nor at all unjust, since they were a part of their parents, and especially since they were guilty of the same sins; nor is it thought unjust among men to punish children for the treason of their parents, as every sin is treason against God. But this was not all that was meant by this proverb; the sense of those that used it was, that they themselves were quite clear and innocent, and that they only suffered for their fathers' faults; which was false, of which they should be convinced, and use the proverb no more, as charging God with injustice.

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Commentary -- Verse Notes / Footnotes

NET Notes: Jer 31:29 This is a proverbial statement that is also found in Ezek 18:2. It served to articulate the complaint that the present generation was suffering for th...

Geneva Bible: Jer 31:29 In those days they shall say no more, The fathers have ( g ) eaten a sour grape, and the children's teeth are set on edge. ( g ) The wicked used this...

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Commentary -- Verse Range Notes

TSK Synopsis: Jer 31:1-40 - --1 The restoration of Israel.10 The publication thereof.15 Rahel mourning is comforted.18 Ephraim repenting is brought home again.22 Christ is promised...

MHCC: Jer 31:27-34 - --The people of God shall become numerous and prosperous. In Heb 8:8, Heb 8:9, this place is quoted as the sum of the covenant of grace made with believ...

Matthew Henry: Jer 31:27-34 - -- The prophet, having found his sleep sweet, made so by the revelations of divine grace, sets himself to sleep again, in hopes of further discoveries,...

Keil-Delitzsch: Jer 31:29-30 - -- The proverb, which Ezekiel also (Eze 18:2.) mentions and contends against, cannot mean, "The fathers have begun to eat sour grapes, but not till the...

Constable: Jer 2:1--45:5 - --II. Prophecies about Judah chs. 2--45 The first series of prophetic announcements, reflections, and incidents th...

Constable: Jer 30:1--33:26 - --C. The Book of Consolation chs. 30-33 This section of the Book of Jeremiah is a collection of prophecies...

Constable: Jer 30:1--31:40 - --1. The restoration of all Israel chs. 30-31 Two things mark these first two chapters of the Book...

Constable: Jer 31:27-30 - --Future fruitfulness 31:27-30 31:27 Days would come when the Lord would fill the Promised Land with people and animals once again. The land had become ...

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Introduction / Outline

JFB: Jeremiah (Book Introduction) JEREMIAH, son of Hilkiah, one of the ordinary priests, dwelling in Anathoth of Benjamin (Jer 1:1), not the Hilkiah the high priest who discovered the ...

JFB: Jeremiah (Outline) EXPOSTULATION WITH THE JEWS, REMINDING THEM OF THEIR FORMER DEVOTEDNESS, AND GOD'S CONSEQUENT FAVOR, AND A DENUNCIATION OF GOD'S COMING JUDGMENTS FOR...

TSK: Jeremiah 31 (Chapter Introduction) Overview Jer 31:1, The restoration of Israel; Jer 31:10, The publication thereof; Jer 31:15, Rahel mourning is comforted; Jer 31:18, Ephraim repen...

Poole: Jeremiah (Book Introduction) BOOK OF THE PROPHET JEREMIAH THE ARGUMENT IT was the great unhappiness of this prophet to be a physician to, but that could not save, a dying sta...

Poole: Jeremiah 31 (Chapter Introduction) CHAPTER 31 The restoration of Israel published, Jer 31:1-14 . Rachel mourning is comforted, Jer 31:15-17 . Ephraim repenting is brought home, Jer 3...

MHCC: Jeremiah (Book Introduction) Jeremiah was a priest, a native of Anathoth, in the tribe of Benjamin. He was called to the prophetic office when very young, about seventy years afte...

MHCC: Jeremiah 31 (Chapter Introduction) (Jer 31:1-9) The restoration of Israel. (Jer 31:10-17) Promises of guidance and happiness; Rachel lamenting. (Jer 31:18-20) Ephraim laments his erro...

Matthew Henry: Jeremiah (Book Introduction) An Exposition, with Practical Observations, of The Book of the Prophet Jeremiah The Prophecies of the Old Testament, as the Epistles of the New, are p...

Matthew Henry: Jeremiah 31 (Chapter Introduction) This chapter goes on with the good words and comfortable words which we had in the chapter before, for the encouragement of the captives, assuring ...

Constable: Jeremiah (Book Introduction) Introduction Title The title of this book derives from its writer, the late seventh an...

Constable: Jeremiah (Outline) Outline I. Introduction ch. 1 A. The introduction of Jeremiah 1:1-3 B. T...

Constable: Jeremiah Jeremiah Bibliography Aharoni, Yohanan, and Michael Avi-Yonah. The Macmillan Bible Atlas. Revised ed. London: C...

Haydock: Jeremiah (Book Introduction) THE PROPHECY OF JEREMIAS. INTRODUCTION. Jeremias was a priest, a native of Anathoth, a priestly city, in the tribe of Benjamin, and was sanct...

Gill: Jeremiah (Book Introduction) INTRODUCTION TO JEREMIAH The title of the book in the Vulgate Latin version is, "the Prophecy of Jeremiah"; in the Syriac and Arabic versions, "the...

Gill: Jeremiah 31 (Chapter Introduction) INTRODUCTION TO JEREMIAH 31 This chapter is connected with the former, respects the same times, and is full of prophecies and promises of spiritual...

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