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Text -- Joshua 5:1 (NET)

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Context
5:1 When all the Amorite kings on the west side of the Jordan and all the Canaanite kings along the seacoast heard how the Lord had dried up the water of the Jordan before the Israelites while they crossed, they lost their courage and could not even breathe for fear of the Israelites.
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Names, People and Places, Dictionary Themes and Topics

Names, People and Places:
 · Amorites members of a pre-Israel Semitic tribe from Mesopotamia
 · Canaanites the region ofeast Mediterranean coastal land from Arvad (modern Lebanon) south to Gaza,the coast land from Mt. Carmel north to the Orontes River
 · Israel a citizen of Israel.,a member of the nation of Israel
 · Jordan the river that flows from Lake Galilee to the Dead Sea,a river that begins at Mt. Hermon, flows south through Lake Galilee and on to its end at the Dead Sea 175 km away (by air)
 · sea the Dead Sea, at the southern end of the Jordan River,the Mediterranean Sea,the Persian Gulf south east of Babylon,the Red Sea


Dictionary Themes and Topics: SEA, THE GREAT | Miracles | Joshua | Jordan | Israel | Galilee, Sea of | Cowardice | Canaanites | BEYOND | Amorites | AMORITE, THE AMORITES | more
Table of Contents

Word/Phrase Notes
Wesley , JFB , Clarke , Calvin , TSK

Word/Phrase Notes
Barnes , Poole , Haydock , Gill

Verse Notes / Footnotes
NET Notes , Geneva Bible

Verse Range Notes
TSK Synopsis , MHCC , Matthew Henry , Keil-Delitzsch , Constable , Guzik

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Commentary -- Word/Phrase Notes (per phrase)

Wesley: Jos 5:1 - -- These and the Canaanites are mentioned for all the rest, as being the chief of them for number, and power, and courage.

These and the Canaanites are mentioned for all the rest, as being the chief of them for number, and power, and courage.

Wesley: Jos 5:1 - -- This is added to distinguish them from the other Amorites, eastward from Jordan, whom Moses had subdued.

This is added to distinguish them from the other Amorites, eastward from Jordan, whom Moses had subdued.

Wesley: Jos 5:1 - -- So the proper place of this nation was on both sides of Jordan.

So the proper place of this nation was on both sides of Jordan.

Wesley: Jos 5:1 - -- The midland sea, all along the coast of it, which was the chief seat of that people, though divers colonies of them were come into, and settled in oth...

The midland sea, all along the coast of it, which was the chief seat of that people, though divers colonies of them were come into, and settled in other places.

Wesley: Jos 5:1 - -- Which was their bulwark on the east - side, where the Israelites were; for it is very probable they had taken away all bridges near those parts; and t...

Which was their bulwark on the east - side, where the Israelites were; for it is very probable they had taken away all bridges near those parts; and the Israelites having been so long in that neighbouring country, and yet not making any attempt upon them, they were grown secure; especially now, when Jordan swelled beyond its ordinary bounds; and therefore they did not endeavour to hinder their passage.

Wesley: Jos 5:1 - -- They lost all their courage, and durst attempt nothing upon the Israelites; not without God's special providence, that the Israelites might quietly pa...

They lost all their courage, and durst attempt nothing upon the Israelites; not without God's special providence, that the Israelites might quietly participate of the two great sacraments of their church, circumcision and the passover, and thereby be prepared for their high and hard work, and for the possession of the holy and promised land; which would have been defiled by an uncircumcised people.

JFB: Jos 5:1 - -- Under the former designation were included the people who inhabited the mountainous region, and under the latter those who were on the seacoast of Pal...

Under the former designation were included the people who inhabited the mountainous region, and under the latter those who were on the seacoast of Palestine.

JFB: Jos 5:1 - -- They had probably reckoned on the swollen river interposing for a time a sure barrier of defense. But seeing it had been completely dried up, they wer...

They had probably reckoned on the swollen river interposing for a time a sure barrier of defense. But seeing it had been completely dried up, they were completely paralyzed by so incontestable a proof that God was on the side of the invaders. In fact, the conquest had already begun in the total prostration of spirit among the native chiefs. "Their heart melted," but unhappily not into faith and penitent submission.

Clarke: Jos 5:1 - -- The Amorites which were on the side of Jordan westward - It has already been remarked that the term Amorite is applied sometimes to signify all the ...

The Amorites which were on the side of Jordan westward - It has already been remarked that the term Amorite is applied sometimes to signify all the nations or tribes of Canaan. It appears from this verse that there were people thus denominated that dwelt on both sides of the Jordan. Those on the east side had already been destroyed in the war which the Israelites had with Sihon and Og; with those on the west side Joshua had not yet waged war. It is possible however that the Amorites of whom we read in this verse, were the remains of those who dwelt on the east side of the Jordan, and who had taken refuge here on the defeat of Og and Sihon.

Calvin: Jos 5:1 - -- 1.And it came to pass when, etc The recognition of the fearful power of God had such an effect upon them that they were astonished and fainted with t...

1.And it came to pass when, etc The recognition of the fearful power of God had such an effect upon them that they were astonished and fainted with terror, but it did not incline their minds to seek a remedy for the evil. Their heart was melted inasmuch as destitute of counsel and strength they did not bestir themselves, but in regard to contumacy they remained as hard-hearted as before. We have already seen elsewhere how unbelievers, when smitten with fear, cease not to wrestle with God, and even when they fall, continue fiercely to assail heaven. Hence the dread which ought to have urged them to caution had no other effect than to hurry them on headlong. They were, however, terrified from above for the sake of the people, that victory might be more easily obtained, and the Israelites might be emboldened when they saw they had to do with an enemy already broken and stricken with dismay. Thus God spared their weakness, as if he had opened up the way by removing obstacles, because they had already proved themselves to be otherwise more sluggish and cowardly than was meet. The substance then is, that before the conflict commenced, the enemy were already routed by the terror which the fame of the miracle had inspired.

TSK: Jos 5:1 - -- all the kings : Josh. 12:9-24, Jos 24:15; Gen 10:15-19, Gen 15:18-21, Gen 48:22; Jdg 11:23; 2Sa 21:2; Eze 16:3; Amo 2:9 Canaanites : Jos 17:12, Jos 17...

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Commentary -- Word/Phrase Notes (per Verse)

Barnes: Jos 5:1 - -- The Amorites were the principal of those nations which occupied the hill country of Judaea (Gen 10:16 note); the Canaanites of those that dwelt on t...

The Amorites were the principal of those nations which occupied the hill country of Judaea (Gen 10:16 note); the Canaanites of those that dwelt on the coast and low lands. These words are therefore equivalent to "all the kings of the highlanders, and all the kings of the lowlanders:"i. e. the kings of all the tribes of the country.

Until we were passed over - The use of the first person has been noted here, and in Jos 5:6 (compare Act 16:10), as suggesting the hand of one who himself shared in what he describes. But the text as read (though not written) by the Jewish authorities here, has the third person; as have some manuscripts, Septuagint, Vulgate, etc.: and a change of person like this in Hebrew, even if the text stand, does not of itself warrant the inference. (Compare Psa 66:6.)

Poole: Jos 5:1 - -- The Amorites and the Canaanites are mentioned for all the rest, as being the chief of them for number, and power, and courage. Westward: this is a...

The Amorites and the Canaanites are mentioned for all the rest, as being the chief of them for number, and power, and courage.

Westward: this is added to distinguish them from the other Amorites, eastward from Jordan, whom Moses had subdued.

All the kings of the Canaanites so the proper place of this nation was on both sides of Jordan.

By the sea the midland sea, all along the coast of it, which was the chief seat of that people, though divers colonies of them were come into and settled in other places.

Jordan was their bulwark on the east side, where the Israelites were; for it is very probable they had taken away all bridges near those parts; and the Israelites having been so long in that neighbouring country, and yet not making any attempt upon them, they were grown secure; especially now, when Jordan swelled beyond its ordinary bounds; and therefore they did not endeavour to hinder their passage.

Their heart melted they lost all their courage, and durst attempt nothing upon the Israelites; not without God’ s special providence, that the Israelites might quietly participate of the two great sacraments of their church, circumcision and the passover, and thereby be prepared for their high and hard work, and for the possession of the holy and promised land, which would have been defiled by an uncircumcised people.

Haydock: Jos 5:1 - -- Ver 1. Chanaan. These occupied the countries situated on the Mediterranean sea, as far as Egypt: the Amorrhites dwelt nearer to the lake of Sod...

Ver 1. Chanaan. These occupied the countries situated on the Mediterranean sea, as far as Egypt: the Amorrhites dwelt nearer to the lake of Sodom. The whole country is divided between these two nations, including that territory which the Philistines had seized, and which belonged also to Israel. Almost every city had its respective king, according to the ancient custom in the east, intra suam cuique patriam regna finiebantur. (Justin. i.) Strabo (xvi.) says this was particularly verified in the cities of Phœnicia. (Calmet) ---

Till they. Hebrew, "we...their heart melted, neither was there spirit in them any more, because of the children of Israel." They fainted as it were through fear, and could not take their breath, or according to the Septuagint adopt any thing rational; "they had no prudence," phronesis. (Haydock)

Gill: Jos 5:1 - -- And it came to pass, when all the kings of the Amorites, which were on the side of Jordan westward,.... On the side the Israelites were now on; and t...

And it came to pass, when all the kings of the Amorites, which were on the side of Jordan westward,.... On the side the Israelites were now on; and this is observed, to distinguish them from the other kings of the Amorites beyond Jordan, on the eastern side, who were already conquered by the Israelites, Sihon and Og, who seem to be a colony that went over from the Amorites in Canaan, and possessed themselves of that part of the land of Moab. These seem to be put for several others of the nations of the land not mentioned, who doubtless were as much dispirited as they; and they are the rather mentioned, because they were a principal nation, and a very powerful and warlike one, see Amo 2:9.

and all the kings of the Canaanites which were by the sea; the Mediterranean sea; the Septuagint version calls them the kings of Phoenicia; and that which was strictly and property so lay on that coast, in which were the cities of Tyre and Sidon, though the whole land of Canaan was sometimes so called; unless this is to be understood, either of the dead sea, or of the sea of Galilee; of which Canaanites, see Num 13:29; however, be they the one or the other, or both, as most likely, when they

heard that the Lord had dried up the waters of Jordan from before the children of Israel, until we were passed over, that their heart melted,

neither was there spirit in them any more, because of the children of Israel; they lost all their courage, and never recovered it any more; concluding it was all over with them, since such wonderful things were done for them by the Lord: the word "we" shows that the writer of this history was one that passed over Jordan, and who can be supposed but Joshua himself? this circumstance, I think, strongly corroborates that opinion.

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Commentary -- Verse Notes / Footnotes

NET Notes: Jos 5:1 Heb “their heart[s] melted and there was no longer in them breathe because of the sons of Israel.”

Geneva Bible: Jos 5:1 And it came to pass, when all the kings of the ( a ) Amorites, which [were] on the side of Jordan westward, and all the kings of the Canaanites, which...

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Commentary -- Verse Range Notes

TSK Synopsis: Jos 5:1-15 - --1 The Canaanites are afraid.2 Joshua renews circumcision.10 The passover is kept at Gilgal12 They eat the corn of the land and the manna ceases.13 An ...

MHCC: Jos 5:1-9 - --How dreadful is their case, who see the wrath of God advancing towards them, without being able to turn it aside, or escape it! Such will be the horri...

Matthew Henry: Jos 5:1-9 - -- A vast show, no doubt, the numerous camp of Israel made in the plains of Jericho, where now they had pitched their tents. Who can count the dust of...

Keil-Delitzsch: Jos 5:1-9 - -- Circumcision of the People. - Jos 5:1. Whilst, on the one hand, the approach of the passover rendered it desirable that the circumcision of those wh...

Constable: Jos 5:1-12 - --2. Circumcision and celebration of the Passover 5:1-12 "This chapter [five] records four experiences which God brought to Joshua and the people, each ...

Guzik: Jos 5:1-15 - --Joshua 5 - Circumcision and Passover at Gilgal A. The second work at Gilgal: A radical obedience. 1. (1) The fear of Israel's enemies at the faith ...

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Introduction / Outline

JFB: Joshua (Book Introduction) JOSHUA. The title of this book is derived from the pious and valiant leader whose achievements it relates and who is commonly supposed to have been it...

JFB: Joshua (Outline) THE LORD APPOINTS JOSHUA TO SUCCEED MOSES. (Jos. 1:1-18) RAHAB RECEIVES AND CONCEALS THE TWO SPIES. (Jos 2:1-7) THE COVENANT BETWEEN HER AND THEM. (J...

TSK: Joshua (Book Introduction) The Book of Joshua is one of the most important documents in the Old Testament. The rapid conquest of the Promised Land, and the actual settlement of...

TSK: Joshua 5 (Chapter Introduction) Overview Jos 5:1, The Canaanites are afraid; Jos 5:2, Joshua renews circumcision; Jos 5:10, The passover is kept at Gilgal Jos 5:12, They eat the ...

Poole: Joshua (Book Introduction) BOOK OF JOSHUA THE ARGUMENT IT is not material to know who was the penman of this book, whether Joshua, as seems most probable from Jos 24:26 , o...

Poole: Joshua 5 (Chapter Introduction) CHAPTER 5 The Amorites and Canaanites hear of this, and are afraid, Jos 5:1 . The males born in the wilderness are circumcised, Jos 5:2-9 . The pas...

MHCC: Joshua (Book Introduction) Here is the history of Israel's passing into the land of Canaan, conquering and dividing it, under the command of Joshua, and their history until his ...

MHCC: Joshua 5 (Chapter Introduction) (Jos 5:1-9) The Canaanites are afraid, Circumcision renewed. (Jos 5:10-12) The passover at Gilgal The manna ceases. (Jos 5:13-15) The Captain of the...

Matthew Henry: Joshua (Book Introduction) An Exposition, with Practical Observations, of The Book of Joshua I. We have now before us the history of the Jewish nation in this book and those tha...

Matthew Henry: Joshua 5 (Chapter Introduction) Israel have now got over Jordan, and the waters which had opened before them, to favour their march forward, are closed again behind them, to forbi...

Constable: Joshua (Book Introduction) Introduction Title The name of this book in Hebrew, Greek, and English comes from the ...

Constable: Joshua (Outline) Outline I. The conquest of the land chs. 1-12 A. Preparations for entering Canaan chs. 1-2 ...

Constable: Joshua Joshua Bibliography Aharoni, Yohanan. "The Province-List of Judah." Vetus Testamentum 9 (1959):225-46. ...

Haydock: Joshua (Book Introduction) INTRODUCTION. THE BOOK OF JOSUE. This book is called Josue , because it contains the history of what passed under him, and, according to the comm...

Gill: Joshua (Book Introduction) INTRODUCTION TO JOSHUA The Jews distinguish the prophets into former and latter; the first of the former prophets is Joshua, or Sepher Joshua, the ...

Gill: Joshua 5 (Chapter Introduction) INTRODUCTION TO JOSHUA 5 The Canaanites being dispirited on the passage of the children of Israel through Jordan, Jos 5:1; Joshua is ordered to cir...

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