Num 13:1-8 - Commentary

Commentary

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Text -- Numbers 13:1-8 (NET)

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Context

Spies Sent Out

13:1 The Lord spoke to Moses: 13:2 “Send out men to investigate the land of Canaan, which I am giving to the Israelites. You are to send one man from each ancestral tribe, each one a leader among them.” 13:3 So Moses sent them from the wilderness of Paran at the command of the Lord. All of them were leaders of the Israelites. 13:4 Now these were their names: from the tribe of Reuben, Shammua son of Zaccur; 13:5 from the tribe of Simeon, Shaphat son of Hori; 13:6 from the tribe of Judah, Caleb son of Jephunneh; 13:7 from the tribe of Issachar, Igal son of Joseph; 13:8 from the tribe of Ephraim, Hoshea son of Nun;

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Cross Reference (TSK)

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Names, People and Places, Dictionary Themes and Topics

Names, People and Places:

· Caleb son of Hezron son of Perez son of Judah

· Canaan the region ofeast Mediterranean coastal land from Arvad (modern Lebanon) south to Gaza,the coast land from Mt. Carmel north to the Orontes River

· Ephraim the tribe of Ephraim as a whole,the northern kingdom of Israel

· Hori son of Lotan son of Seir,father of Shaphat, the Simeonite that spied in Canaan

· Hoshea son of Nun of Ephraim; successor of Moses,son of Azaziah; David's chief officer over the tribe of Ephraim,son of Elah; assassin and successor of King Pekah,an Israelite chief who signed the covenant to keep God's law

· Igal son of Joseph of Issachar; a spy sent by Moses,son of Nathan of Zobah; one of David's military elite,son of Shemaiah, a descendant of Hananiah, Zerubbabel and David

· Israel a citizen of Israel.,a member of the nation of Israel

· Issachar the tribe of Israel that came from his Jacob's son Issachar,son of Jacob and Leah; founder of the tribe of Issachar,the tribe of Issachar in Israel,son of Obed-Edom

· Jephunneh father of Caleb, Joshua's spy partner,a man of Asher; son of Jether

· Joseph the husband of Mary and foster-father of Jesus,a Jewish man from Arimathea in whose grave the body of Jesus was laid,two different men listed as ancestors of Jesus,a man nominated with Matthias to take the place of Judas Iscariot as apostle,a son of Jacob and Rachel; the father of Ephraim and Manasseh and ruler of Egypt,a brother of Jesus; a son of Mary,a man who was a companion of Paul,son of Jacob and Rachel; patriarch of the tribes of Ephraim and Manasseh,a tribe, actually two tribes named after Joseph's sons, Ephraim and Manasseh,father of Igal, of Issachar, who helped spy out Canaan,son of Asaph the Levite; worship leader under Asaph and King David,a man who put away his heathen wife; an Israelite descended from Binnui,priest and head of the house of Shebaniah under High Priest Joiakim in the time of Nehemiah

· Judah the son of Jacob and Leah; founder of the tribe of Judah,a tribe, the land/country,a son of Joseph; the father of Simeon; an ancestor of Jesus,son of Jacob/Israel and Leah; founder of the tribe of Judah,the tribe of Judah,citizens of the southern kingdom of Judah,citizens of the Persian Province of Judah; the Jews who had returned from Babylonian exile,"house of Judah", a phrase which highlights the political leadership of the tribe of Judah,"king of Judah", a phrase which relates to the southern kingdom of Judah,"kings of Judah", a phrase relating to the southern kingdom of Judah,"princes of Judah", a phrase relating to the kingdom of Judah,the territory allocated to the tribe of Judah, and also the extended territory of the southern kingdom of Judah,the Province of Judah under Persian rule,"hill country of Judah", the relatively cool and green central highlands of the territory of Judah,"the cities of Judah",the language of the Jews; Hebrew,head of a family of Levites who returned from Exile,a Levite who put away his heathen wife,a man who was second in command of Jerusalem; son of Hassenuah of Benjamin,a Levite in charge of the songs of thanksgiving in Nehemiah's time,a leader who helped dedicate Nehemiah's wall,a Levite musician who helped Zechariah of Asaph dedicate Nehemiah's wall

· Moses a son of Amram; the Levite who led Israel out of Egypt and gave them The Law of Moses,a Levite who led Israel out of Egypt and gave them the law

· Nun son of Elishama; father of Joshua (Ephraim), Moses' aide

· Paran a wilderness of East central Sinai peninsula (IBD)

· Reuben the tribe of Reuben

· Shammua son of Zaccur of Reuben; the spy sent by Moses to explore the land of Canaan,son of David and Bathsheba,father of Abda, a Levite returned from exile,priestly head of the house of Bilgah under High Priest Joiakim

· Shaphat son of Hori of Simeon; the spy sent by Moses to explore the land of Canaan,father of the prophet Elisha,son of Shemaiah, a descendant of Hananiah, Zerubbabel and David,a chief of the tribe of Gad,son of Adlai; David's chief shepherd over the valley herds

· Simeon a son of Jonas and brother of Andrew; an apostle of Jesus Christ,a man who was one of the apostles of Christ and also called 'the Zealot',a brother of Jesus,a man who was a well-know victim of leprosy who had been healed by Jesus (NIV note),a man from Cyrene who was forced to carry the cross of Jesus,a Pharisee man in whose house Jesus' feet were washed with tears and anointed,the father of Judas Iscariot,a man who was a sorcerer in Samaria and who wanted to buy the gifts of the Spirit,a man who was a tanner at Joppa and with whom Peter was staying when Cornelius sent for him

· Zaccur father of Shammua, the Reubenite who spied in Canaan,son of Hammuel of the tribe of Simeon,a Levite of the clan of Merari,son of Asaph (Shimei Gershom Levi),a leader among the Bigvai Clan who returned from exile,son of Imri; one who helped rebuild the wall of Jerusalem,son of Henadad, a Levite who contracted to obey the law,son of Mattaniah; father of Hanan, assistant treasurer