Text -- Psalms 108:1-8 (NET)

Psalm 108

108:1 A song, a psalm of David. I am determined, O God! I will sing and praise you with my whole heart. 108:2 Awake, O stringed instrument and harp! I will wake up at dawn! 108:3 I will give you thanks before the nations, O Lord! I will sing praises to you before foreigners! 108:4 For your loyal love extends beyond the sky, and your faithfulness reaches the clouds. 108:5 Rise up above the sky, O God! May your splendor cover the whole earth! 108:6 Deliver by your power and answer me, so that the ones you love may be safe. 108:7 God has spoken in his sanctuary: “I will triumph! I will parcel out Shechem, the valley of Succoth I will measure off. 108:8 Gilead belongs to me, as does Manasseh! Ephraim is my helmet, Judah my royal scepter.

Commentary -- Verse Notes / Footnotes

NET Notes: Psa 108:1

¹ sn Psalm 108. With some minor variations, this psalm is a composite of Ps 57:7-11 (see vv. 1-5) and Ps 60:5-12 (see vv. 6-13).

² tn Or perhaps “confident”; Heb “my heart is steadfast.” The “heart” is viewed here as the seat of the psalmist’s volition and/or emotions.

³ tn Heb “also my glory,” but this makes little sense in the context. Some view the term כָּבוֹד (“glory”) here as a metonymy for man’s inner being (see BDB 459 s.v. II כָּבוֹד 5), but it is preferable to emend the form to כְּבֵדִי (kÿvodiy, “my liver”). Like the heart, the liver is viewed as the seat of one’s emotions. See also Pss 16:9; 30:12; 57:9; as well as H. W. Wolff, Anthropology of the Old Testament, 64, and M. Dahood, Psalms (AB), 3:93. For an Ugaritic example of the heart/liver as the source of joy, see G. R. Driver, Canaanite Myths and Legends, 47-48: “her [Anat’s] liver swelled with laughter, her heart was filled with joy, the liver of Anat with triumph.”

NET Notes: Psa 108:2

¹ tn BDB 1007 s.v. שַׁחַר takes “dawn” as an adverbial accusative, though others understand it as a personified direct object. “Dawn” is used metaphorically for the time of deliverance and vindication the psalmist anticipates. When salvation “dawns,” the psalmist will “wake up” in praise.

NET Notes: Psa 108:3

¹ tn Or “the peoples.”

NET Notes: Psa 108:4

¹ tn Heb “for great upon the sky [or “heavens”] [is] your loyal love.”

NET Notes: Psa 108:5

¹ tn Or “be exalted.”

² tn Heb “over all the earth [be] your splendor.” Though no verb appears, the tone of the statement is a prayer or wish. (Note the imperative form in the preceding line.)

NET Notes: Psa 108:6

¹ tn Heb “right hand.”

² tn Or “may be rescued.” The lines are actually reversed in the Hebrew text: “So that the ones you love may be rescued, deliver by your power and answer me.”

NET Notes: Psa 108:7

¹ tn Heb “in his holy place.”

² sn Shechem stands for the territory west of the Jordan River; the valley of Succoth represents the region east of the Jordan.

NET Notes: Psa 108:8

¹ tn Gilead was located east of the Jordan River. Half of the tribe of Manasseh lived east of the Jordan in the region of Bashan.

² tn Heb “the protection of my head.”

sn Ephraim, one of Joseph’s sons, was one of two major tribes located west of the Jordan River. By comparing Ephraim to a helmet, the Lord suggests that the Ephraimites played a primary role in the defense of his land.

³ sn Judah, like Ephraim, was the other major tribe west of the Jordan River. The Davidic king, symbolized here by the royal scepter, came from this tribe.