Text -- Psalms 49:15-20 (NET)

49:15 But God will rescue my life from the power of Sheol; certainly he will pull me to safety. (Selah) 49:16 Do not be afraid when a man becomes rich and his wealth multiplies! 49:17 For he will take nothing with him when he dies; his wealth will not follow him down into the grave. 49:18 He pronounces this blessing on himself while he is alive: “May men praise you, for you have done well!” 49:19 But he will join his ancestors; they will never again see the light of day. 49:20 Wealthy people do not understand; they are like animals that perish.

Commentary -- Verse Notes / Footnotes

NET Notes: Psa 49:15

¹ tn Or “certainly.”

² tn Or “redeem.”

³ tn Or “me.” The Hebrew term נֶפֶשׁ (nefesh) with a pronominal suffix is often equivalent to a pronoun, especially in poetry (see BDB 660 s.v. נֶפֶשׁ 4.a).

⁴ tn Heb “hand.”

⁵ tn Or “for.”

⁶ tn Heb “he will take me.” To improve the poetic balance of the verse, some move the words “from the power of Sheol” to the following line. The verse would then read: “But God will rescue my life; / from the power of Sheol he will certainly deliver me” (cf. NEB).

sn According to some, the psalmist here anticipates the resurrection (or at least an afterlife in God’s presence). But it is more likely that the psalmist here expresses his hope that God will rescue him from premature death at the hands of the rich oppressors denounced in the psalm. The psalmist is well aware that all (the wise and foolish) die (see vv. 7-12), but he is confident God will lead him safely through the present “times of trouble” (v. 5) and sweep the wicked away to their final destiny. The theme is a common one in the so-called wisdom psalms (see Pss 1, 34, 37, 112). For a fuller discussion of the psalmists’ view of the afterlife, see R. B. Chisholm, Jr., “A Theology of the Psalms,” A Biblical Theology of the Old Testament, 284-88.

NET Notes: Psa 49:16

¹ sn When a man becomes rich. Why would people fear such a development? The acquisition of wealth makes individuals powerful and enables them to oppress others (see vv. 5-6).

² tn Heb “when the glory of his house grows great.”

NET Notes: Psa 49:17

¹ tn Heb “his glory will not go down after him.”

NET Notes: Psa 49:19

¹ tn Verses 18-19a are one long sentence in the Hebrew text, which reads: “Though he blesses his soul in his life, [saying], ‘And let them praise you, for you do well for yourself,’ it [that is, his soul] will go to the generation of his fathers.” This has been divided into two sentences in the translation for clarity, in keeping with the tendency of contemporary English to use shorter sentences.

² tn Heb “light.” The words “of day” are supplied in the translation for clarification.

NET Notes: Psa 49:20

¹ tn Heb “mankind in honor does not understand.” The Hebrew term יְקָר (yÿqar, “honor”) probably refers here to the wealth mentioned in the preceding context. The imperfect verbal form draws attention to what is characteristically true. Some emend יָבִין (yavin, “understands”) to יָלִין (yalin, “remains”), but this is an unnecessary accommodation to the wording of v. 12.

² tn Or “cattle.”

³ tn The Hebrew verb is derived from דָּמָה (damah, “cease, destroy”; BDB 198 s.v.). Another option is to derive the verb from דָּמָה (damah, “be silent”; see HALOT 225 s.v. II דמה, which sees two homonymic roots [I דָּמַה, “be silent,” and II דָּמַה, “destroy”] rather than a single root) and translate, “they are like dumb beasts.” This makes particularly good sense here, where the preceding line focuses on mankind’s lack of understanding.