Discovery Box1 Kings 10:1
Context10:1 When the queen of Sheba heard about Solomon, 1 she came to challenge 2 him with difficult questions. 3
1 Kings 1:1-53
Context1:1 King David was very old; 4 even when they covered him with blankets, 5 he could not get warm. 1:2 His servants advised 6 him, “A young virgin must be found for our master, the king, 7 to take care of the king’s needs 8 and serve as his nurse. She can also sleep with you 9 and keep our master, the king, warm.” 10 1:3 So they looked through all Israel 11 for a beautiful young woman and found Abishag, a Shunammite, and brought her to the king. 1:4 The young woman was very beautiful; she became the king’s nurse and served him, but the king did not have sexual relations with her. 12
1:5 Now Adonijah, son of David and Haggith, 13 was promoting himself, 14 boasting, 15 “I will be king!” He managed to acquire 16 chariots and horsemen, as well as fifty men to serve as his royal guard. 17 1:6 (Now his father had never corrected 18 him 19 by saying, “Why do you do such things?” He was also very handsome and had been born right after Absalom. 20 ) 1:7 He collaborated 21 with Joab son of Zeruiah and with Abiathar the priest, and they supported 22 him. 23 1:8 But Zadok the priest, Benaiah son of Jehoiada, Nathan the prophet, Shimei, Rei, and David’s elite warriors 24 did not ally themselves 25 with Adonijah. 1:9 Adonijah sacrificed sheep, cattle, and fattened steers at the Stone of Zoheleth near En Rogel. He invited all his brothers, the king’s sons, 26 as well as all the men of Judah, the king’s servants. 1:10 But he did not invite Nathan the prophet, Benaiah, the elite warriors, 27 or his brother Solomon.
1:11 Nathan said to Bathsheba, Solomon’s mother, “Has it been reported to you 28 that Haggith’s son Adonijah has become king behind our master David’s back? 29 1:12 Now 30 let me give you some advice as to how 31 you can save your life and your son Solomon’s life. 1:13 Visit 32 King David and say to him, ‘My master, O king, did you not solemnly promise 33 your servant, “Surely your son Solomon will be king after me; he will sit on my throne”? So why has Adonijah become king?’ 1:14 While 34 you are still there speaking to the king, I will arrive 35 and verify your report.” 36
1:15 So Bathsheba visited the king in his private quarters. 37 (The king was very old, and Abishag the Shunammite was serving the king.) 1:16 Bathsheba bowed down on the floor before 38 the king. The king said, “What do you want?” 1:17 She replied to him, “My master, you swore an oath to your servant by the Lord your God, ‘Solomon your son will be king after me and he will sit on my throne.’ 1:18 But now, look, Adonijah has become king! But you, 39 my master the king, are not even aware of it! 40 1:19 He has sacrificed many cattle, steers, and sheep and has invited all the king’s sons, Abiathar the priest, and Joab, the commander of the army, but he has not invited your servant Solomon. 1:20 Now, 41 my master, O king, all Israel is watching anxiously to see who is named to succeed my master the king on the throne. 42 1:21 If a decision is not made, 43 when my master the king is buried with his ancestors, 44 my son Solomon and I 45 will be considered state criminals.” 46
1:22 Just then, 47 while she was still speaking to the king, Nathan the prophet arrived. 1:23 The king was told, “Nathan the prophet is here.” Nathan entered and bowed before the king with his face to the floor. 48 1:24 Nathan said, “My master, O king, did you announce, ‘Adonijah will be king after me; he will sit on my throne’? 1:25 For today he has gone down and sacrificed many cattle, steers, and sheep and has invited all the king’s sons, the army commanders, and Abiathar the priest. At this moment 49 they are having a feast 50 in his presence, and they have declared, ‘Long live King Adonijah!’ 51 1:26 But he did not invite me – your servant – or Zadok the priest, or Benaiah son of Jehoiada, or your servant Solomon. 1:27 Has my master the king authorized this without informing your servants 52 who should succeed my master the king on his throne?” 53
1:28 King David responded, 54 “Summon Bathsheba!” 55 She came and stood before the king. 56 1:29 The king swore an oath: “As certainly as the Lord lives (he who has rescued me 57 from every danger), 1:30 I will keep 58 today the oath I swore to you by the Lord God of Israel: ‘Surely Solomon your son will be king after me; he will sit in my place on my throne.’” 1:31 Bathsheba bowed down to the king with her face to the floor 59 and said, “May my master, King David, live forever!”
1:32 King David said, “Summon Zadok the priest, Nathan the prophet, 60 and Benaiah son of Jehoiada.” They came before the king, 1:33 and he 61 told them, “Take your master’s 62 servants with you, put my son Solomon on my mule, and lead him down to Gihon. 63 1:34 There Zadok the priest and Nathan the prophet will anoint 64 him king over Israel; then blow the trumpet and declare, ‘Long live King Solomon!’ 1:35 Then follow him up as he comes and sits on my throne. He will be king in my place; I have decreed 65 that he will be ruler over Israel and Judah.” 1:36 Benaiah son of Jehoiada responded 66 to the king: “So be it! 67 May the Lord God of my master the king confirm it! 68 1:37 As the Lord is with my master the king, so may he be with Solomon, and may he make him an even greater king than my master King David!” 69
1:38 So Zadok the priest, Nathan the prophet, Benaiah son of Jehoiada, the Kerethites, and the Pelethites 70 went down, put Solomon on King David’s mule, and led him to Gihon. 1:39 Zadok the priest took a horn filled with olive oil 71 from the tent and poured it on 72 Solomon; the trumpet was blown and all the people declared, “Long live King Solomon!” 1:40 All the people followed him up, playing flutes and celebrating so loudly they made the ground shake. 73
1:41 Now Adonijah and all his guests heard the commotion just as they had finished eating. 74 When Joab heard the sound of the trumpet, he asked, “Why is there such a noisy commotion in the city?” 75 1:42 As he was still speaking, Jonathan 76 son of Abiathar the priest arrived. Adonijah said, “Come in, for 77 an important man like you must be bringing good news.” 78 1:43 Jonathan replied 79 to Adonijah: “No! 80 Our master 81 King David has made Solomon king. 1:44 The king sent with him Zadok the priest, Nathan the prophet, Benaiah son of Jehoiada, the Kerethites, and the Pelethites and they put him on the king’s mule. 1:45 Then Zadok the priest and Nathan the prophet anointed 82 him king in Gihon. They went up from there rejoicing, and the city is in an uproar. That is the sound you hear. 1:46 Furthermore, Solomon has assumed the royal throne. 83 1:47 The king’s servants have even come to congratulate 84 our master 85 King David, saying, ‘May your God 86 make Solomon more famous than you and make him an even greater king than you!’ 87 Then the king leaned 88 on the bed 1:48 and said 89 this: ‘The Lord God of Israel is worthy of praise because 90 today he has placed a successor on my throne and allowed me to see it.’” 91
1:49 All of Adonijah’s guests panicked; 92 they jumped up and rushed off their separate ways. 1:50 Adonijah feared Solomon, so he got up and went and grabbed hold of the horns of the altar. 93 1:51 Solomon was told, “Look, Adonijah fears you; 94 see, he has taken hold of the horns of the altar, saying, ‘May King Solomon solemnly promise 95 me today that he will not kill his servant with the sword.’” 1:52 Solomon said, “If he is a loyal subject, 96 not a hair of his head will be harmed, but if he is found to be a traitor, 97 he will die.” 1:53 King Solomon sent men to bring him down 98 from the altar. He came and bowed down to King Solomon, and Solomon told him, “Go home.” 99
1 Kings 1:1-53
Context1:1 King David was very old; 100 even when they covered him with blankets, 101 he could not get warm. 1:2 His servants advised 102 him, “A young virgin must be found for our master, the king, 103 to take care of the king’s needs 104 and serve as his nurse. She can also sleep with you 105 and keep our master, the king, warm.” 106 1:3 So they looked through all Israel 107 for a beautiful young woman and found Abishag, a Shunammite, and brought her to the king. 1:4 The young woman was very beautiful; she became the king’s nurse and served him, but the king did not have sexual relations with her. 108
1:5 Now Adonijah, son of David and Haggith, 109 was promoting himself, 110 boasting, 111 “I will be king!” He managed to acquire 112 chariots and horsemen, as well as fifty men to serve as his royal guard. 113 1:6 (Now his father had never corrected 114 him 115 by saying, “Why do you do such things?” He was also very handsome and had been born right after Absalom. 116 ) 1:7 He collaborated 117 with Joab son of Zeruiah and with Abiathar the priest, and they supported 118 him. 119 1:8 But Zadok the priest, Benaiah son of Jehoiada, Nathan the prophet, Shimei, Rei, and David’s elite warriors 120 did not ally themselves 121 with Adonijah. 1:9 Adonijah sacrificed sheep, cattle, and fattened steers at the Stone of Zoheleth near En Rogel. He invited all his brothers, the king’s sons, 122 as well as all the men of Judah, the king’s servants. 1:10 But he did not invite Nathan the prophet, Benaiah, the elite warriors, 123 or his brother Solomon.
1:11 Nathan said to Bathsheba, Solomon’s mother, “Has it been reported to you 124 that Haggith’s son Adonijah has become king behind our master David’s back? 125 1:12 Now 126 let me give you some advice as to how 127 you can save your life and your son Solomon’s life. 1:13 Visit 128 King David and say to him, ‘My master, O king, did you not solemnly promise 129 your servant, “Surely your son Solomon will be king after me; he will sit on my throne”? So why has Adonijah become king?’ 1:14 While 130 you are still there speaking to the king, I will arrive 131 and verify your report.” 132
1:15 So Bathsheba visited the king in his private quarters. 133 (The king was very old, and Abishag the Shunammite was serving the king.) 1:16 Bathsheba bowed down on the floor before 134 the king. The king said, “What do you want?” 1:17 She replied to him, “My master, you swore an oath to your servant by the Lord your God, ‘Solomon your son will be king after me and he will sit on my throne.’ 1:18 But now, look, Adonijah has become king! But you, 135 my master the king, are not even aware of it! 136 1:19 He has sacrificed many cattle, steers, and sheep and has invited all the king’s sons, Abiathar the priest, and Joab, the commander of the army, but he has not invited your servant Solomon. 1:20 Now, 137 my master, O king, all Israel is watching anxiously to see who is named to succeed my master the king on the throne. 138 1:21 If a decision is not made, 139 when my master the king is buried with his ancestors, 140 my son Solomon and I 141 will be considered state criminals.” 142
1:22 Just then, 143 while she was still speaking to the king, Nathan the prophet arrived. 1:23 The king was told, “Nathan the prophet is here.” Nathan entered and bowed before the king with his face to the floor. 144 1:24 Nathan said, “My master, O king, did you announce, ‘Adonijah will be king after me; he will sit on my throne’? 1:25 For today he has gone down and sacrificed many cattle, steers, and sheep and has invited all the king’s sons, the army commanders, and Abiathar the priest. At this moment 145 they are having a feast 146 in his presence, and they have declared, ‘Long live King Adonijah!’ 147 1:26 But he did not invite me – your servant – or Zadok the priest, or Benaiah son of Jehoiada, or your servant Solomon. 1:27 Has my master the king authorized this without informing your servants 148 who should succeed my master the king on his throne?” 149
1:28 King David responded, 150 “Summon Bathsheba!” 151 She came and stood before the king. 152 1:29 The king swore an oath: “As certainly as the Lord lives (he who has rescued me 153 from every danger), 1:30 I will keep 154 today the oath I swore to you by the Lord God of Israel: ‘Surely Solomon your son will be king after me; he will sit in my place on my throne.’” 1:31 Bathsheba bowed down to the king with her face to the floor 155 and said, “May my master, King David, live forever!”
1:32 King David said, “Summon Zadok the priest, Nathan the prophet, 156 and Benaiah son of Jehoiada.” They came before the king, 1:33 and he 157 told them, “Take your master’s 158 servants with you, put my son Solomon on my mule, and lead him down to Gihon. 159 1:34 There Zadok the priest and Nathan the prophet will anoint 160 him king over Israel; then blow the trumpet and declare, ‘Long live King Solomon!’ 1:35 Then follow him up as he comes and sits on my throne. He will be king in my place; I have decreed 161 that he will be ruler over Israel and Judah.” 1:36 Benaiah son of Jehoiada responded 162 to the king: “So be it! 163 May the Lord God of my master the king confirm it! 164 1:37 As the Lord is with my master the king, so may he be with Solomon, and may he make him an even greater king than my master King David!” 165
1:38 So Zadok the priest, Nathan the prophet, Benaiah son of Jehoiada, the Kerethites, and the Pelethites 166 went down, put Solomon on King David’s mule, and led him to Gihon. 1:39 Zadok the priest took a horn filled with olive oil 167 from the tent and poured it on 168 Solomon; the trumpet was blown and all the people declared, “Long live King Solomon!” 1:40 All the people followed him up, playing flutes and celebrating so loudly they made the ground shake. 169
1:41 Now Adonijah and all his guests heard the commotion just as they had finished eating. 170 When Joab heard the sound of the trumpet, he asked, “Why is there such a noisy commotion in the city?” 171 1:42 As he was still speaking, Jonathan 172 son of Abiathar the priest arrived. Adonijah said, “Come in, for 173 an important man like you must be bringing good news.” 174 1:43 Jonathan replied 175 to Adonijah: “No! 176 Our master 177 King David has made Solomon king. 1:44 The king sent with him Zadok the priest, Nathan the prophet, Benaiah son of Jehoiada, the Kerethites, and the Pelethites and they put him on the king’s mule. 1:45 Then Zadok the priest and Nathan the prophet anointed 178 him king in Gihon. They went up from there rejoicing, and the city is in an uproar. That is the sound you hear. 1:46 Furthermore, Solomon has assumed the royal throne. 179 1:47 The king’s servants have even come to congratulate 180 our master 181 King David, saying, ‘May your God 182 make Solomon more famous than you and make him an even greater king than you!’ 183 Then the king leaned 184 on the bed 1:48 and said 185 this: ‘The Lord God of Israel is worthy of praise because 186 today he has placed a successor on my throne and allowed me to see it.’” 187
1:49 All of Adonijah’s guests panicked; 188 they jumped up and rushed off their separate ways. 1:50 Adonijah feared Solomon, so he got up and went and grabbed hold of the horns of the altar. 189 1:51 Solomon was told, “Look, Adonijah fears you; 190 see, he has taken hold of the horns of the altar, saying, ‘May King Solomon solemnly promise 191 me today that he will not kill his servant with the sword.’” 1:52 Solomon said, “If he is a loyal subject, 192 not a hair of his head will be harmed, but if he is found to be a traitor, 193 he will die.” 1:53 King Solomon sent men to bring him down 194 from the altar. He came and bowed down to King Solomon, and Solomon told him, “Go home.” 195
1 Kings 1:1-53
Context1:1 King David was very old; 196 even when they covered him with blankets, 197 he could not get warm. 1:2 His servants advised 198 him, “A young virgin must be found for our master, the king, 199 to take care of the king’s needs 200 and serve as his nurse. She can also sleep with you 201 and keep our master, the king, warm.” 202 1:3 So they looked through all Israel 203 for a beautiful young woman and found Abishag, a Shunammite, and brought her to the king. 1:4 The young woman was very beautiful; she became the king’s nurse and served him, but the king did not have sexual relations with her. 204
1:5 Now Adonijah, son of David and Haggith, 205 was promoting himself, 206 boasting, 207 “I will be king!” He managed to acquire 208 chariots and horsemen, as well as fifty men to serve as his royal guard. 209 1:6 (Now his father had never corrected 210 him 211 by saying, “Why do you do such things?” He was also very handsome and had been born right after Absalom. 212 ) 1:7 He collaborated 213 with Joab son of Zeruiah and with Abiathar the priest, and they supported 214 him. 215 1:8 But Zadok the priest, Benaiah son of Jehoiada, Nathan the prophet, Shimei, Rei, and David’s elite warriors 216 did not ally themselves 217 with Adonijah. 1:9 Adonijah sacrificed sheep, cattle, and fattened steers at the Stone of Zoheleth near En Rogel. He invited all his brothers, the king’s sons, 218 as well as all the men of Judah, the king’s servants. 1:10 But he did not invite Nathan the prophet, Benaiah, the elite warriors, 219 or his brother Solomon.
1:11 Nathan said to Bathsheba, Solomon’s mother, “Has it been reported to you 220 that Haggith’s son Adonijah has become king behind our master David’s back? 221 1:12 Now 222 let me give you some advice as to how 223 you can save your life and your son Solomon’s life. 1:13 Visit 224 King David and say to him, ‘My master, O king, did you not solemnly promise 225 your servant, “Surely your son Solomon will be king after me; he will sit on my throne”? So why has Adonijah become king?’ 1:14 While 226 you are still there speaking to the king, I will arrive 227 and verify your report.” 228
1:15 So Bathsheba visited the king in his private quarters. 229 (The king was very old, and Abishag the Shunammite was serving the king.) 1:16 Bathsheba bowed down on the floor before 230 the king. The king said, “What do you want?” 1:17 She replied to him, “My master, you swore an oath to your servant by the Lord your God, ‘Solomon your son will be king after me and he will sit on my throne.’ 1:18 But now, look, Adonijah has become king! But you, 231 my master the king, are not even aware of it! 232 1:19 He has sacrificed many cattle, steers, and sheep and has invited all the king’s sons, Abiathar the priest, and Joab, the commander of the army, but he has not invited your servant Solomon. 1:20 Now, 233 my master, O king, all Israel is watching anxiously to see who is named to succeed my master the king on the throne. 234 1:21 If a decision is not made, 235 when my master the king is buried with his ancestors, 236 my son Solomon and I 237 will be considered state criminals.” 238
1:22 Just then, 239 while she was still speaking to the king, Nathan the prophet arrived. 1:23 The king was told, “Nathan the prophet is here.” Nathan entered and bowed before the king with his face to the floor. 240 1:24 Nathan said, “My master, O king, did you announce, ‘Adonijah will be king after me; he will sit on my throne’? 1:25 For today he has gone down and sacrificed many cattle, steers, and sheep and has invited all the king’s sons, the army commanders, and Abiathar the priest. At this moment 241 they are having a feast 242 in his presence, and they have declared, ‘Long live King Adonijah!’ 243 1:26 But he did not invite me – your servant – or Zadok the priest, or Benaiah son of Jehoiada, or your servant Solomon. 1:27 Has my master the king authorized this without informing your servants 244 who should succeed my master the king on his throne?” 245
1:28 King David responded, 246 “Summon Bathsheba!” 247 She came and stood before the king. 248 1:29 The king swore an oath: “As certainly as the Lord lives (he who has rescued me 249 from every danger), 1:30 I will keep 250 today the oath I swore to you by the Lord God of Israel: ‘Surely Solomon your son will be king after me; he will sit in my place on my throne.’” 1:31 Bathsheba bowed down to the king with her face to the floor 251 and said, “May my master, King David, live forever!”
1:32 King David said, “Summon Zadok the priest, Nathan the prophet, 252 and Benaiah son of Jehoiada.” They came before the king, 1:33 and he 253 told them, “Take your master’s 254 servants with you, put my son Solomon on my mule, and lead him down to Gihon. 255 1:34 There Zadok the priest and Nathan the prophet will anoint 256 him king over Israel; then blow the trumpet and declare, ‘Long live King Solomon!’ 1:35 Then follow him up as he comes and sits on my throne. He will be king in my place; I have decreed 257 that he will be ruler over Israel and Judah.” 1:36 Benaiah son of Jehoiada responded 258 to the king: “So be it! 259 May the Lord God of my master the king confirm it! 260 1:37 As the Lord is with my master the king, so may he be with Solomon, and may he make him an even greater king than my master King David!” 261
1:38 So Zadok the priest, Nathan the prophet, Benaiah son of Jehoiada, the Kerethites, and the Pelethites 262 went down, put Solomon on King David’s mule, and led him to Gihon. 1:39 Zadok the priest took a horn filled with olive oil 263 from the tent and poured it on 264 Solomon; the trumpet was blown and all the people declared, “Long live King Solomon!” 1:40 All the people followed him up, playing flutes and celebrating so loudly they made the ground shake. 265
1:41 Now Adonijah and all his guests heard the commotion just as they had finished eating. 266 When Joab heard the sound of the trumpet, he asked, “Why is there such a noisy commotion in the city?” 267 1:42 As he was still speaking, Jonathan 268 son of Abiathar the priest arrived. Adonijah said, “Come in, for 269 an important man like you must be bringing good news.” 270 1:43 Jonathan replied 271 to Adonijah: “No! 272 Our master 273 King David has made Solomon king. 1:44 The king sent with him Zadok the priest, Nathan the prophet, Benaiah son of Jehoiada, the Kerethites, and the Pelethites and they put him on the king’s mule. 1:45 Then Zadok the priest and Nathan the prophet anointed 274 him king in Gihon. They went up from there rejoicing, and the city is in an uproar. That is the sound you hear. 1:46 Furthermore, Solomon has assumed the royal throne. 275 1:47 The king’s servants have even come to congratulate 276 our master 277 King David, saying, ‘May your God 278 make Solomon more famous than you and make him an even greater king than you!’ 279 Then the king leaned 280 on the bed 1:48 and said 281 this: ‘The Lord God of Israel is worthy of praise because 282 today he has placed a successor on my throne and allowed me to see it.’” 283
1:49 All of Adonijah’s guests panicked; 284 they jumped up and rushed off their separate ways. 1:50 Adonijah feared Solomon, so he got up and went and grabbed hold of the horns of the altar. 285 1:51 Solomon was told, “Look, Adonijah fears you; 286 see, he has taken hold of the horns of the altar, saying, ‘May King Solomon solemnly promise 287 me today that he will not kill his servant with the sword.’” 1:52 Solomon said, “If he is a loyal subject, 288 not a hair of his head will be harmed, but if he is found to be a traitor, 289 he will die.” 1:53 King Solomon sent men to bring him down 290 from the altar. He came and bowed down to King Solomon, and Solomon told him, “Go home.” 291
[10:1] 1 tn Heb “the report about Solomon.” The Hebrew text also has, “to the name of the
[1:1] 4 tn Heb “was old, coming into the days” (i.e., advancing in years).
[1:2] 8 tn Heb “let them seek for my master, the king, a young girl, a virgin.” The third person plural subject of the verb is indefinite (see GKC 460 §144.f). The appositional expression, “a young girl, a virgin,” is idiomatic; the second term specifically defines the more general first term (see IBHS 230 §12.3b).
[1:2] 9 tn Heb “and she will stand before the king.” The Hebrew phrase “stand before” can mean “to attend; to serve” (BDB 764 s.v. עָמַד).
[1:2] 10 tn Heb “and she will lie down in your bosom.” The expression might imply sexual intimacy (see 2 Sam 12:3 [where the lamb symbolizes Bathsheba] and Mic 7:5), though v. 4b indicates that David did not actually have sex with the young woman.
[1:2] 11 tn Heb “and my master, the king, will be warm.”
[1:3] 10 tn Heb “through all the territory of Israel.”
[1:4] 13 tn Heb “did not know her.”
[1:5] 16 tn Heb “son of Haggith,” but since this formula usually designates the father (who in this case was David), the translation specifies that David was Adonijah’s father.
[1:5] 17 tn Heb “lifting himself up.”
[1:5] 19 tn Or “he acquired for himself.”
[1:5] 20 tn Heb “to run ahead of him.”
[1:6] 20 tn Heb “did not correct him from his days.” The phrase “from his days” means “from his earliest days,” or “ever in his life.” See GKC 382 §119.w, n. 2.
[1:6] 21 tn Heb “and she gave birth to him after Absalom.” This does not imply they had the same mother; Absalom’s mother was Maacah, not Haggith (2 Sam 3:4).
[1:7] 22 tn Heb “his words were.”
[1:7] 23 tn Heb “helped after” (i.e., stood by).
[1:7] 24 tn Heb “Adonijah.” The proper name has been replaced by the pronoun (“him”) in the translation for stylistic reasons.
[1:8] 25 tn Or “bodyguard” (Heb “mighty men”).
[1:9] 28 tc The ancient Greek version omits this appositional phrase.
[1:10] 31 tn Or “bodyguard” (Heb “mighty men”).
[1:11] 34 tn Heb “Have you not heard?”
[1:11] 35 tn Heb “and our master David does not know.”
[1:12] 37 tn Heb “now, come.” The imperative of הָלַךְ (halakh) is here used as an introductory interjection. See BDB 234 s.v. חָלַךְ.
[1:13] 40 tn Heb “come, go to.” The imperative of הָלַךְ (halakh) is here used as an introductory interjection. See BDB 234 s.v. חָלַךְ.
[1:13] 41 tn Or “swear an oath to.”
[1:14] 43 tn In the Hebrew text the sentence is introduced by the particle הִנֵּה (hinneh, “look”), which here draws attention to Nathan’s concluding word of assurance and support. For this use of the word, see HALOT 252 s.v. הִנֵּה.
[1:14] 44 tc The Hebrew text reads, “I will come after you.”
[1:14] 45 tn Heb “fill up [i.e., confirm] your words.”
[1:16] 49 tn Heb “bowed low and bowed down to.”
[1:18] 52 tc Instead of עַתָּה (’attah, “now”) many Hebrew
[1:18] 53 tn Heb “you do not know [about it].”
[1:20] 55 tc Many Hebrew
[1:20] 56 tn Heb “the eyes of all Israel are upon you to declare to them who will sit on the throne of my master the king after him.”
[1:21] 58 tn The words “if a decision is not made” are added for clarification.
[1:21] 59 tn Heb “lies down with his fathers.”
[1:21] 60 tn Heb “I and my son Solomon.” The order has been reversed in the translation for stylistic reasons.
[1:21] 61 tn Heb “will be guilty”; NASB “considered offenders”; TEV “treated as traitors.”
[1:22] 61 tn Heb “look.” The particle הִנֵּה (hinneh) here draws attention to Nathan’s arrival and invites the audience to view the scene through the eyes of the participants.
[1:23] 64 tn Heb “ground.” Since this was indoors, “floor” is more appropriate than “ground.”
[1:25] 68 tn Heb “eating and drinking.”
[1:25] 69 tn Heb “let the king, Adonijah, live!”
[1:27] 70 tc Many Hebrew
[1:27] 71 tn Heb “From my master the king is this thing done, and you did not make known to your servants who will sit on the throne of my master the king after him?”
[1:28] 73 tn Heb “answered and said.”
[1:28] 74 sn Summon Bathsheba. Bathsheba must have left the room when Nathan arrived (see 1:22).
[1:28] 75 tn Heb “she came before the king and stood before the king.”
[1:29] 76 tn Or “ransomed my life.”
[1:30] 79 tn Or “carry out, perform.”
[1:31] 82 tn Heb “bowed low, face [to] the ground, and bowed down to the king.”
[1:32] 85 sn Summon…Nathan. Nathan must have left the room when Bathsheba reentered.
[1:33] 89 tn The plural form is used in the Hebrew text to indicate honor and authority.
[1:33] 90 tn Heb “mount Solomon my son on the mule that belongs to me and take him down to Gihon.”
[1:34] 91 tn Or “designate” (i.e., by anointing with oil).
[1:36] 97 tn Heb “answered and said.”
[1:36] 99 tn Heb “So may the
[1:37] 100 tn Heb “and may he make his throne greater than the throne of my master King David.”
[1:38] 103 sn The Kerethites and Pelethites were members of David’s royal guard (see 2 Sam 8:18). The Kerethites may have been descendants of an ethnic group originating in Crete.
[1:39] 106 tn Heb “the horn of oil.” This has been specified as olive oil in the translation for clarity.
[1:40] 109 tn Heb “and all the people went up after him, and the people were playing flutes and rejoicing with great joy and the ground split open at the sound of them.” The verb בָּקַע (baqa’, “to split open”), which elsewhere describes the effects of an earthquake, is obviously here an exaggeration for the sake of emphasis.
[1:41] 112 tn Heb “And Adonijah and all the guests who were with him heard, now they had finished eating.”
[1:41] 113 tn Heb “Why is the city’s sound noisy?”
[1:42] 115 tn The Hebrew text has “look” at this point. The particle הִנֵּה (hinneh), “look draws attention to Jonathan’s arrival and invites the audience to view the scene through the eyes of the participants.
[1:42] 117 tn Heb “you are a man of strength [or “ability”] and you bring a message [that is] good.” Another option is to understand the phrase אִישׁ חַיִל (’ish khayil) in the sense of “a worthy man,” that is “loyal.” See also 1 Kgs 1:52 and HALOT 311 s.v. חַיִל.
[1:43] 118 tn Heb “answered and said.”
[1:43] 119 tn For a similar use of אֲבָל (’aval), see Gen 17:19, where God rejects Abraham’s proposal and offers an alternative.
[1:43] 120 tn The plural form is used in the Hebrew text to indicate honor and authority.
[1:45] 121 tn I.e., designated by anointing with oil.
[1:46] 124 tn Heb “And also Solomon sits on the throne of the kingdom.”
[1:47] 128 tn The plural form is used in the Hebrew text to indicate honor and authority.
[1:47] 129 tc Many Hebrew
[1:47] 130 tn Heb “make the name of Solomon better than your name, and make his throne greater than your throne.” The term שֵׁם (shem, “name”) is used here of one’s fame and reputation.
[1:47] 131 tn Or “bowed down; worshiped.”
[1:48] 130 tn The Hebrew text reads, “and the king said.”
[1:48] 131 tn Or “Blessed be the
[1:48] 132 tn Heb “and my eyes are seeing.”
[1:49] 133 tn Or “were afraid, trembled.”
[1:50] 136 sn Grabbed hold of the horns of the altar. The “horns” of the altar were the horn-shaped projections on the four corners of the altar (see Exod 27:2). By going to the holy place and grabbing hold of the horns of the altar, Adonijah was seeking asylum from Solomon.
[1:51] 139 tn Heb “King Solomon.” The name and title have been replaced by the pronoun (“you”) in the translation for stylistic reasons.
[1:51] 140 tn Or “swear an oath to.”
[1:52] 142 tn Heb “if he is a man of strength [or ability].” In this context, where Adonijah calls himself a “servant,” implying allegiance to the new king, the phrase אִישׁ חַיִל (’ish khayil) probably carries the sense of “a worthy man,” that is, “loyal” (see HALOT 311 s.v. חַיִל).
[1:52] 143 tn Heb “but if evil is found in him.”
[1:53] 145 tn Heb “sent and they brought him down.”
[1:53] 146 tn Heb “Go to your house.”
[1:1] 148 tn Heb “was old, coming into the days” (i.e., advancing in years).
[1:2] 152 tn Heb “let them seek for my master, the king, a young girl, a virgin.” The third person plural subject of the verb is indefinite (see GKC 460 §144.f). The appositional expression, “a young girl, a virgin,” is idiomatic; the second term specifically defines the more general first term (see IBHS 230 §12.3b).
[1:2] 153 tn Heb “and she will stand before the king.” The Hebrew phrase “stand before” can mean “to attend; to serve” (BDB 764 s.v. עָמַד).
[1:2] 154 tn Heb “and she will lie down in your bosom.” The expression might imply sexual intimacy (see 2 Sam 12:3 [where the lamb symbolizes Bathsheba] and Mic 7:5), though v. 4b indicates that David did not actually have sex with the young woman.
[1:2] 155 tn Heb “and my master, the king, will be warm.”
[1:3] 154 tn Heb “through all the territory of Israel.”
[1:4] 157 tn Heb “did not know her.”
[1:5] 160 tn Heb “son of Haggith,” but since this formula usually designates the father (who in this case was David), the translation specifies that David was Adonijah’s father.
[1:5] 161 tn Heb “lifting himself up.”
[1:5] 163 tn Or “he acquired for himself.”
[1:5] 164 tn Heb “to run ahead of him.”
[1:6] 163 tn Or “disciplined.”
[1:6] 164 tn Heb “did not correct him from his days.” The phrase “from his days” means “from his earliest days,” or “ever in his life.” See GKC 382 §119.w, n. 2.
[1:6] 165 tn Heb “and she gave birth to him after Absalom.” This does not imply they had the same mother; Absalom’s mother was Maacah, not Haggith (2 Sam 3:4).
[1:7] 166 tn Heb “his words were.”
[1:7] 167 tn Heb “helped after” (i.e., stood by).
[1:7] 168 tn Heb “Adonijah.” The proper name has been replaced by the pronoun (“him”) in the translation for stylistic reasons.
[1:8] 169 tn Or “bodyguard” (Heb “mighty men”).
[1:9] 172 tc The ancient Greek version omits this appositional phrase.
[1:10] 175 tn Or “bodyguard” (Heb “mighty men”).
[1:11] 178 tn Heb “Have you not heard?”
[1:11] 179 tn Heb “and our master David does not know.”
[1:12] 181 tn Heb “now, come.” The imperative of הָלַךְ (halakh) is here used as an introductory interjection. See BDB 234 s.v. חָלַךְ.
[1:13] 184 tn Heb “come, go to.” The imperative of הָלַךְ (halakh) is here used as an introductory interjection. See BDB 234 s.v. חָלַךְ.
[1:13] 185 tn Or “swear an oath to.”
[1:14] 187 tn In the Hebrew text the sentence is introduced by the particle הִנֵּה (hinneh, “look”), which here draws attention to Nathan’s concluding word of assurance and support. For this use of the word, see HALOT 252 s.v. הִנֵּה.
[1:14] 188 tc The Hebrew text reads, “I will come after you.”
[1:14] 189 tn Heb “fill up [i.e., confirm] your words.”
[1:16] 193 tn Heb “bowed low and bowed down to.”
[1:18] 196 tc Instead of עַתָּה (’attah, “now”) many Hebrew
[1:18] 197 tn Heb “you do not know [about it].”
[1:20] 199 tc Many Hebrew
[1:20] 200 tn Heb “the eyes of all Israel are upon you to declare to them who will sit on the throne of my master the king after him.”
[1:21] 202 tn The words “if a decision is not made” are added for clarification.
[1:21] 203 tn Heb “lies down with his fathers.”
[1:21] 204 tn Heb “I and my son Solomon.” The order has been reversed in the translation for stylistic reasons.
[1:21] 205 tn Heb “will be guilty”; NASB “considered offenders”; TEV “treated as traitors.”
[1:22] 205 tn Heb “look.” The particle הִנֵּה (hinneh) here draws attention to Nathan’s arrival and invites the audience to view the scene through the eyes of the participants.
[1:23] 208 tn Heb “ground.” Since this was indoors, “floor” is more appropriate than “ground.”
[1:25] 212 tn Heb “eating and drinking.”
[1:25] 213 tn Heb “let the king, Adonijah, live!”
[1:27] 214 tc Many Hebrew
[1:27] 215 tn Heb “From my master the king is this thing done, and you did not make known to your servants who will sit on the throne of my master the king after him?”
[1:28] 217 tn Heb “answered and said.”
[1:28] 218 sn Summon Bathsheba. Bathsheba must have left the room when Nathan arrived (see 1:22).
[1:28] 219 tn Heb “she came before the king and stood before the king.”
[1:29] 220 tn Or “ransomed my life.”
[1:30] 223 tn Or “carry out, perform.”
[1:31] 226 tn Heb “bowed low, face [to] the ground, and bowed down to the king.”
[1:32] 229 sn Summon…Nathan. Nathan must have left the room when Bathsheba reentered.
[1:33] 233 tn The plural form is used in the Hebrew text to indicate honor and authority.
[1:33] 234 tn Heb “mount Solomon my son on the mule that belongs to me and take him down to Gihon.”
[1:34] 235 tn Or “designate” (i.e., by anointing with oil).
[1:36] 241 tn Heb “answered and said.”
[1:36] 243 tn Heb “So may the
[1:37] 244 tn Heb “and may he make his throne greater than the throne of my master King David.”
[1:38] 247 sn The Kerethites and Pelethites were members of David’s royal guard (see 2 Sam 8:18). The Kerethites may have been descendants of an ethnic group originating in Crete.
[1:39] 250 tn Heb “the horn of oil.” This has been specified as olive oil in the translation for clarity.
[1:40] 253 tn Heb “and all the people went up after him, and the people were playing flutes and rejoicing with great joy and the ground split open at the sound of them.” The verb בָּקַע (baqa’, “to split open”), which elsewhere describes the effects of an earthquake, is obviously here an exaggeration for the sake of emphasis.
[1:41] 256 tn Heb “And Adonijah and all the guests who were with him heard, now they had finished eating.”
[1:41] 257 tn Heb “Why is the city’s sound noisy?”
[1:42] 259 tn The Hebrew text has “look” at this point. The particle הִנֵּה (hinneh), “look draws attention to Jonathan’s arrival and invites the audience to view the scene through the eyes of the participants.
[1:42] 261 tn Heb “you are a man of strength [or “ability”] and you bring a message [that is] good.” Another option is to understand the phrase אִישׁ חַיִל (’ish khayil) in the sense of “a worthy man,” that is “loyal.” See also 1 Kgs 1:52 and HALOT 311 s.v. חַיִל.
[1:43] 262 tn Heb “answered and said.”
[1:43] 263 tn For a similar use of אֲבָל (’aval), see Gen 17:19, where God rejects Abraham’s proposal and offers an alternative.
[1:43] 264 tn The plural form is used in the Hebrew text to indicate honor and authority.
[1:45] 265 tn I.e., designated by anointing with oil.
[1:46] 268 tn Heb “And also Solomon sits on the throne of the kingdom.”
[1:47] 272 tn The plural form is used in the Hebrew text to indicate honor and authority.
[1:47] 273 tc Many Hebrew
[1:47] 274 tn Heb “make the name of Solomon better than your name, and make his throne greater than your throne.” The term שֵׁם (shem, “name”) is used here of one’s fame and reputation.
[1:47] 275 tn Or “bowed down; worshiped.”
[1:48] 274 tn The Hebrew text reads, “and the king said.”
[1:48] 275 tn Or “Blessed be the
[1:48] 276 tn Heb “and my eyes are seeing.”
[1:49] 277 tn Or “were afraid, trembled.”
[1:50] 280 sn Grabbed hold of the horns of the altar. The “horns” of the altar were the horn-shaped projections on the four corners of the altar (see Exod 27:2). By going to the holy place and grabbing hold of the horns of the altar, Adonijah was seeking asylum from Solomon.
[1:51] 283 tn Heb “King Solomon.” The name and title have been replaced by the pronoun (“you”) in the translation for stylistic reasons.
[1:51] 284 tn Or “swear an oath to.”
[1:52] 286 tn Heb “if he is a man of strength [or ability].” In this context, where Adonijah calls himself a “servant,” implying allegiance to the new king, the phrase אִישׁ חַיִל (’ish khayil) probably carries the sense of “a worthy man,” that is, “loyal” (see HALOT 311 s.v. חַיִל).
[1:52] 287 tn Heb “but if evil is found in him.”
[1:53] 289 tn Heb “sent and they brought him down.”
[1:53] 290 tn Heb “Go to your house.”
[1:1] 292 tn Heb “was old, coming into the days” (i.e., advancing in years).
[1:2] 296 tn Heb “let them seek for my master, the king, a young girl, a virgin.” The third person plural subject of the verb is indefinite (see GKC 460 §144.f). The appositional expression, “a young girl, a virgin,” is idiomatic; the second term specifically defines the more general first term (see IBHS 230 §12.3b).
[1:2] 297 tn Heb “and she will stand before the king.” The Hebrew phrase “stand before” can mean “to attend; to serve” (BDB 764 s.v. עָמַד).
[1:2] 298 tn Heb “and she will lie down in your bosom.” The expression might imply sexual intimacy (see 2 Sam 12:3 [where the lamb symbolizes Bathsheba] and Mic 7:5), though v. 4b indicates that David did not actually have sex with the young woman.
[1:2] 299 tn Heb “and my master, the king, will be warm.”
[1:3] 298 tn Heb “through all the territory of Israel.”
[1:4] 301 tn Heb “did not know her.”
[1:5] 304 tn Heb “son of Haggith,” but since this formula usually designates the father (who in this case was David), the translation specifies that David was Adonijah’s father.
[1:5] 305 tn Heb “lifting himself up.”
[1:5] 307 tn Or “he acquired for himself.”
[1:5] 308 tn Heb “to run ahead of him.”
[1:6] 307 tn Or “disciplined.”
[1:6] 308 tn Heb “did not correct him from his days.” The phrase “from his days” means “from his earliest days,” or “ever in his life.” See GKC 382 §119.w, n. 2.
[1:6] 309 tn Heb “and she gave birth to him after Absalom.” This does not imply they had the same mother; Absalom’s mother was Maacah, not Haggith (2 Sam 3:4).
[1:7] 310 tn Heb “his words were.”
[1:7] 311 tn Heb “helped after” (i.e., stood by).
[1:7] 312 tn Heb “Adonijah.” The proper name has been replaced by the pronoun (“him”) in the translation for stylistic reasons.
[1:8] 313 tn Or “bodyguard” (Heb “mighty men”).
[1:9] 316 tc The ancient Greek version omits this appositional phrase.
[1:10] 319 tn Or “bodyguard” (Heb “mighty men”).
[1:11] 322 tn Heb “Have you not heard?”
[1:11] 323 tn Heb “and our master David does not know.”
[1:12] 325 tn Heb “now, come.” The imperative of הָלַךְ (halakh) is here used as an introductory interjection. See BDB 234 s.v. חָלַךְ.
[1:13] 328 tn Heb “come, go to.” The imperative of הָלַךְ (halakh) is here used as an introductory interjection. See BDB 234 s.v. חָלַךְ.
[1:13] 329 tn Or “swear an oath to.”
[1:14] 331 tn In the Hebrew text the sentence is introduced by the particle הִנֵּה (hinneh, “look”), which here draws attention to Nathan’s concluding word of assurance and support. For this use of the word, see HALOT 252 s.v. הִנֵּה.
[1:14] 332 tc The Hebrew text reads, “I will come after you.”
[1:14] 333 tn Heb “fill up [i.e., confirm] your words.”
[1:16] 337 tn Heb “bowed low and bowed down to.”
[1:18] 340 tc Instead of עַתָּה (’attah, “now”) many Hebrew
[1:18] 341 tn Heb “you do not know [about it].”
[1:20] 343 tc Many Hebrew
[1:20] 344 tn Heb “the eyes of all Israel are upon you to declare to them who will sit on the throne of my master the king after him.”
[1:21] 346 tn The words “if a decision is not made” are added for clarification.
[1:21] 347 tn Heb “lies down with his fathers.”
[1:21] 348 tn Heb “I and my son Solomon.” The order has been reversed in the translation for stylistic reasons.
[1:21] 349 tn Heb “will be guilty”; NASB “considered offenders”; TEV “treated as traitors.”
[1:22] 349 tn Heb “look.” The particle הִנֵּה (hinneh) here draws attention to Nathan’s arrival and invites the audience to view the scene through the eyes of the participants.
[1:23] 352 tn Heb “ground.” Since this was indoors, “floor” is more appropriate than “ground.”
[1:25] 356 tn Heb “eating and drinking.”
[1:25] 357 tn Heb “let the king, Adonijah, live!”
[1:27] 358 tc Many Hebrew
[1:27] 359 tn Heb “From my master the king is this thing done, and you did not make known to your servants who will sit on the throne of my master the king after him?”
[1:28] 361 tn Heb “answered and said.”
[1:28] 362 sn Summon Bathsheba. Bathsheba must have left the room when Nathan arrived (see 1:22).
[1:28] 363 tn Heb “she came before the king and stood before the king.”
[1:29] 364 tn Or “ransomed my life.”
[1:30] 367 tn Or “carry out, perform.”
[1:31] 370 tn Heb “bowed low, face [to] the ground, and bowed down to the king.”
[1:32] 373 sn Summon…Nathan. Nathan must have left the room when Bathsheba reentered.
[1:33] 377 tn The plural form is used in the Hebrew text to indicate honor and authority.
[1:33] 378 tn Heb “mount Solomon my son on the mule that belongs to me and take him down to Gihon.”
[1:34] 379 tn Or “designate” (i.e., by anointing with oil).
[1:36] 385 tn Heb “answered and said.”
[1:36] 387 tn Heb “So may the
[1:37] 388 tn Heb “and may he make his throne greater than the throne of my master King David.”
[1:38] 391 sn The Kerethites and Pelethites were members of David’s royal guard (see 2 Sam 8:18). The Kerethites may have been descendants of an ethnic group originating in Crete.
[1:39] 394 tn Heb “the horn of oil.” This has been specified as olive oil in the translation for clarity.
[1:40] 397 tn Heb “and all the people went up after him, and the people were playing flutes and rejoicing with great joy and the ground split open at the sound of them.” The verb בָּקַע (baqa’, “to split open”), which elsewhere describes the effects of an earthquake, is obviously here an exaggeration for the sake of emphasis.
[1:41] 400 tn Heb “And Adonijah and all the guests who were with him heard, now they had finished eating.”
[1:41] 401 tn Heb “Why is the city’s sound noisy?”
[1:42] 403 tn The Hebrew text has “look” at this point. The particle הִנֵּה (hinneh), “look draws attention to Jonathan’s arrival and invites the audience to view the scene through the eyes of the participants.
[1:42] 405 tn Heb “you are a man of strength [or “ability”] and you bring a message [that is] good.” Another option is to understand the phrase אִישׁ חַיִל (’ish khayil) in the sense of “a worthy man,” that is “loyal.” See also 1 Kgs 1:52 and HALOT 311 s.v. חַיִל.
[1:43] 406 tn Heb “answered and said.”
[1:43] 407 tn For a similar use of אֲבָל (’aval), see Gen 17:19, where God rejects Abraham’s proposal and offers an alternative.
[1:43] 408 tn The plural form is used in the Hebrew text to indicate honor and authority.
[1:45] 409 tn I.e., designated by anointing with oil.
[1:46] 412 tn Heb “And also Solomon sits on the throne of the kingdom.”
[1:47] 416 tn The plural form is used in the Hebrew text to indicate honor and authority.
[1:47] 417 tc Many Hebrew
[1:47] 418 tn Heb “make the name of Solomon better than your name, and make his throne greater than your throne.” The term שֵׁם (shem, “name”) is used here of one’s fame and reputation.
[1:47] 419 tn Or “bowed down; worshiped.”
[1:48] 418 tn The Hebrew text reads, “and the king said.”
[1:48] 419 tn Or “Blessed be the
[1:48] 420 tn Heb “and my eyes are seeing.”
[1:49] 421 tn Or “were afraid, trembled.”
[1:50] 424 sn Grabbed hold of the horns of the altar. The “horns” of the altar were the horn-shaped projections on the four corners of the altar (see Exod 27:2). By going to the holy place and grabbing hold of the horns of the altar, Adonijah was seeking asylum from Solomon.
[1:51] 427 tn Heb “King Solomon.” The name and title have been replaced by the pronoun (“you”) in the translation for stylistic reasons.
[1:51] 428 tn Or “swear an oath to.”
[1:52] 430 tn Heb “if he is a man of strength [or ability].” In this context, where Adonijah calls himself a “servant,” implying allegiance to the new king, the phrase אִישׁ חַיִל (’ish khayil) probably carries the sense of “a worthy man,” that is, “loyal” (see HALOT 311 s.v. חַיִל).
[1:52] 431 tn Heb “but if evil is found in him.”
