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[12:11] 1 tn Heb “and now my father placed upon you a heavy yoke, but I will add to your yoke.”
[12:11] 2 tn Heb “My father punished you with whips, but I will punish you with scorpions.” “Scorpions” might allude to some type of torture using poisonous insects, but more likely it refers to a type of whip that inflicts an especially biting, painful wound. Cf. CEV “whips with pieces of sharp metal.”