1 Kings 16:25-30

16:25 Omri did more evil in the sight of ¹  the Lord than all who were before him. 16:26 He followed in the footsteps of Jeroboam son of Nebat and encouraged Israel to sin; ²  they angered the Lord God of Israel with their worthless idols. ³ 

16:27 The rest of the events of Omri’s reign, including his accomplishments and successes, are recorded in the scroll called the Annals of the Kings of Israel. ⁴  16:28 Omri passed away ⁵  and was buried in Samaria. His son Ahab replaced him as king. ⁶ 

Ahab Promotes Idolatry

16:29 In the thirty-eighth year of Asa’s reign over Judah, Omri’s son Ahab became king over Israel. Ahab son of Omri ruled over Israel for twenty-two years in Samaria. ⁷  16:30 Ahab son of Omri did more evil in the sight of ⁸  the Lord than all who were before him.

Hosea 5:11

5:11 Ephraim will be oppressed, ⁹  crushed ¹⁰  under judgment, ¹¹ 

because he was determined to pursue worthless idols. ¹² 

[16:25]  ¹ tn Heb “in the eyes of.”

[16:26]  ² tn Heb “walked in all the way of Jeroboam son of Nebat and in his sin which he made Israel sin.”

[16:26]  ³ tn Heb “angering the Lord God of Israel with their empty things.”

[16:27]  ⁴ tn Heb “As for the rest of the acts of Omri which he did, and his strength which he demonstrated, are they not written on the scroll of the events of the days of the kings of Israel?”

[16:28]  ⁵ tn Heb “lay down with his fathers.”

[16:28]  ⁶ tc The Old Greek has eight additional verses here. Cf. 1 Kgs 22:41-44.

[16:29]  ⁷ map For location see Map2 B1; Map4 D3; Map5 E2; Map6 A4; Map7 C1.

[16:30]  ⁸ tn Heb “in the eyes of.”

[5:11]  ⁹ tn The verb עָשַׁק (’ashaq, “to oppress”) may refer to (1) oppressing the poor and defenseless (BDB 798 s.v. עָשַׁק 1), or more likely to (2) oppression of one nation by another as the judgment of God (Deut 28:29, 33; 1 Chr 16:21; Pss 105:14; 119:121, 122; Isa 52:4; Jer 50:33; Hos 5:11; BDB 798 s.v. 2). The Qal passive participles עָשׁוּק (’ashuq, “oppressed”) and רְצוּץ (rÿtsuts, “crushed”) might refer to a present situation (so KJV, RSV, NASB, NIV, NRSV); however, the context suggests that they refer to a future situation (so NLT). When a participle is used in reference to the future, it often denotes an imminent future situation and may be rendered, “about to” (e.g., Gen 6:17; 15:14; 20:3; 37:30; 41:25; 49:29; Exod 9:17-18; Deut 28:31; 1 Sam 3:11; 1 Kgs 2:2; 20:22; 2 Kgs 7:2). For functions of the participle, see IBHS 627-28 §37.6f.

[5:11]  ¹⁰ sn The term רְצוּץ (rÿtsuts, “crushed”) is a metaphor for weakness (e.g., 2 Kgs 18:21; Isa 36:6; 42:3) and oppression (e.g., Deut 28:33; 1 Sam 12:3, 4; Amos 4:1; Isa 58:6). Here it is used as a figure to describe the devastating effects of the Lord’s judgment.

[5:11]  ¹¹ tn Heb “crushed of judgment” (רְצוּץ מִשְׁפָּט, rÿtsuts mishpat). The second term is a genitive of cause (“crushed because of judgment” or “crushed under judgment”) rather than respect (“crushed in judgment,” as in many English versions).

[5:11]  ¹² tn The meaning of the Hebrew term translated “worthless idols” is uncertain; cf. KJV “the commandment”; NASB “man’s command”; NAB “filth”; NRSV “vanity.”