1 Kings 4:24-34

4:24 His royal court was so large because ¹  he ruled over all the kingdoms west of the Euphrates River from Tiphsah ²  to Gaza; he was at peace with all his neighbors. ³  4:25 All the people of Judah and Israel had security; everyone from Dan to Beer Sheba enjoyed the produce of their vines and fig trees throughout Solomon’s lifetime. ⁴  4:26 Solomon had 4,000 ⁵  stalls for his chariot horses and 12,000 horses. 4:27 The district governors acquired supplies for King Solomon and all who ate in his royal palace. ⁶  Each was responsible for one month in the year; they made sure nothing was lacking. 4:28 Each one also brought to the assigned location his quota of barley and straw for the various horses. ⁷ 

4:29 God gave Solomon wisdom and very great discernment; the breadth of his understanding ⁸  was as infinite as the sand on the seashore. 4:30 Solomon was wiser than all the men of the east and all the sages of Egypt. ⁹  4:31 He was wiser than any man, including Ethan the Ezrahite or Heman, Calcol, and Darda, the sons of Mahol. He was famous in all the neighboring nations. ¹⁰  4:32 He composed ¹¹  3,000 proverbs and 1,005 songs. 4:33 He produced manuals on botany, describing every kind of plant, ¹²  from the cedars of Lebanon to the hyssop that grows on walls. He also produced manuals on biology, describing ¹³  animals, birds, insects, and fish. 4:34 People from all nations came to hear Solomon’s display of wisdom; ¹⁴  they came from all the kings of the earth who heard about his wisdom.

[4:24]  ¹ tn Heb “because.” The words “his royal court was so large” are added to facilitate the logical connection with the preceding verse.

[4:24]  ² sn Tiphsah. This was located on the Euphrates River.

[4:24]  ³ tn Heb “for he was ruling over all [the region] beyond the River, from Tiphsah to Gaza, over all the kingdoms beyond the River, and he had peace on every side all around.”

[4:25]  ⁴ tn Heb “Judah and Israel lived securely, each one under his vine and under his fig tree, from Dan to Beer Sheba, all the days of Solomon.”

[4:26]  ⁵ tn The Hebrew text has “40,000,” but this is probably an inflated number (nevertheless it is followed by KJV, ASV, NASB, NRSV, TEV, CEV). Some Greek mss of the OT and the parallel in 2 Chr 9:25 read “4,000” (cf. NAB, NIV, NCV, NLT).

[4:27]  ⁶ tn Heb “everyone who drew near to the table of King Solomon.”

[4:28]  ⁷ tn Heb “barley and straw for the horses and the steeds they brought to the place which was there, each according to his measure.”

[4:29]  ⁸ tn Heb “heart,” i.e., mind. (The Hebrew term translated “heart” often refers to the mental faculties.)

[4:30]  ⁹ tn Heb “the wisdom of Solomon was greater than the wisdom of all the sons of the east and all the wisdom of Egypt.”

[4:31]  ¹⁰ tn Heb “his name was in all the surrounding nations.”

[4:32]  ¹¹ tn Heb “spoke.”

[4:33]  ¹² tn Heb “he spoke about plants.”

[4:33]  ¹³ tn Heb “he spoke about.”

[4:34]  ¹⁴ tn Heb “the wisdom of Solomon.”