1 Kings 4:5

4:5 Azariah son of Nathan was supervisor of ¹  the district governors.

Zabud son of Nathan was a priest and adviser to ²  the king.

1 Kings 1:52

1:52 Solomon said, “If he is a loyal subject, ³  not a hair of his head will be harmed, but if he is found to be a traitor, ⁴  he will die.”

1 Kings 21:21

21:21 The Lord says, ⁵  ‘Look, I am ready to bring disaster ⁶  on you. I will destroy you ⁷  and cut off every last male belonging to Ahab in Israel, including even the weak and incapacitated. ⁸ 

1 Kings 22:23

22:23 So now, look, the Lord has placed a lying spirit in the mouths of all these prophets of yours; but the Lord has decreed disaster for you.”

1 Kings 14:10

14:10 So I am ready to bring disaster ⁹  on the dynasty ¹⁰  of Jeroboam. I will cut off every last male belonging to Jeroboam in Israel, including even the weak and incapacitated. ¹¹  I will burn up the dynasty of Jeroboam, just as one burns manure until it is completely consumed. ¹² 

1 Kings 20:7

20:7 The king of Israel summoned all the leaders ¹³  of the land and said, “Notice how this man is looking for trouble. ¹⁴  Indeed, he demanded my wives, sons, silver, and gold, and I did not resist him.”

1 Kings 22:17

22:17 Micaiah ¹⁵  said, “I saw all Israel scattered on the mountains like sheep that have no shepherd. Then the Lord said, ‘They have no master. They should go home in peace.’”

[4:5]  ¹ tn Heb “was over.”

[4:5]  ² tn Heb “close associate of”; KJV, ASV, NASB “the king’s friend” (a title for an adviser, not just an acquaintance).

[1:52]  ³ tn Heb “if he is a man of strength [or ability].” In this context, where Adonijah calls himself a “servant,” implying allegiance to the new king, the phrase אִישׁ חַיִל (’ish khayil) probably carries the sense of “a worthy man,” that is, “loyal” (see HALOT 311 s.v. חַיִל).

[1:52]  ⁴ tn Heb “but if evil is found in him.”

[21:21]  ⁵ tn The introductory formula “the Lord says” is omitted in the Hebrew text, but supplied in the translation for clarification.

[21:21]  ⁶ sn Disaster. There is a wordplay in the Hebrew text. The word translated “disaster” (רָעָה, ra’ah) is similar to the word translated “evil” (v. 20, הָרַע, hara’). Ahab’s sins would receive an appropriate punishment.

[21:21]  ⁷ tn Heb “I will burn after you.” Some take the verb בָּעַר (ba’ar) to mean here “sweep away.” See the discussion of this verb in the notes at 14:10 and 16:3.

[21:21]  ⁸ tn Heb “and I will cut off from Ahab those who urinate against a wall, [including both those who are] restrained and let free [or “abandoned”] in Israel.” The precise meaning of the idiomatic phrase עָצוּר וְעָזוּב (’atsur vÿ’azuv, translated here “weak and incapacitated”) is uncertain. For various options see HALOT 871 s.v. עצר and M. Cogan and H. Tadmor, II Kings (AB), 107. The two terms are usually taken as polar opposites (“slaves and freemen” or “minors and adults”), but Cogan and Tadmor, on the basis of contextual considerations (note the usage with אֶפֶס (’efes), “nothing but”) in Deut 32:36 and 2 Kgs 14:26, argue convincingly that the terms are synonyms, meaning “restrained and abandoned,” and refer to incapable or incapacitated individuals.

[14:10]  ⁷ sn Disaster. There is a wordplay in the Hebrew text. The word translated “disaster” (רָעָה, ra’ah) is from the same root as the expression “you have sinned” in v. 9 (וַתָּרַע [vattara’], from רָעַע, [ra’a’]). Jeroboam’s sins would receive an appropriate punishment.

[14:10]  ⁸ tn Heb “house.”

[14:10]  ⁹ tn Heb “and I will cut off from Jeroboam those who urinate against a wall (including both those who are) restrained and let free (or “abandoned”) in Israel.” The precise meaning of the idiomatic phrase עָצוּר וְעָזוּב (’atsur vÿ’azuv) is uncertain. For various options see HALOT 871 s.v. עצר 6 and M. Cogan and H. Tadmor, II Kings (AB), 107. The two terms are usually taken as polar opposites (“slaves and freemen” or “minors and adults”), but Cogan and Tadmor, on the basis of contextual considerations (note the usage with אֶפֶס [’efes], “nothing but”) in Deut 32:36 and 2 Kgs 14:26, argue convincingly that the terms are synonyms, meaning “restrained and abandoned,” and refer to incapable or incapacitated individuals.

[14:10]  ¹⁰ tn The traditional view understands the verb בָּעַר (ba’ar) to mean “burn.” Manure was sometimes used as fuel (see Ezek 4:12, 15). However, an alternate view takes בָּעַר as a homonym meaning “sweep away” (HALOT 146 s.v. II בער). In this case one might translate, “I will sweep away the dynasty of Jeroboam, just as one sweeps away manure it is gone” (cf. ASV, NASB, TEV). Either metaphor emphasizes the thorough and destructive nature of the coming judgment.

[20:7]  ⁹ tn Heb “elders.”

[20:7]  ¹⁰ tn Heb “Know and see that this [man] is seeking trouble.”

[22:17]  ¹¹ tn Heb “he”; the referent (Micaiah) has been specified in the translation for clarity.