Discovery Box1 Samuel 27:10-11
Context27:10 When Achish would ask, “Where 1 did you raid today?” David would say, “The Negev of Judah” or “The Negev of Jeharmeel” or “The Negev of the Kenites.” 27:11 Neither man nor woman would David leave alive so as to bring them back to Gath. He was thinking, “This way they can’t tell on us, saying, ‘This is what David did.’” Such was his practice the entire time 2 that he lived in the country of the Philistines.
1 Samuel 21:10-15
Context21:10 So on that day David arose and fled from Saul. He went to King Achish of Gath. 21:11 The servants of Achish said to him, “Isn’t this David, the king of the land? Isn’t he the one that they sing about when they dance, saying,
‘Saul struck down his thousands,
But David his tens of thousands’?”
21:12 David thought about what they said 3 and was very afraid of King Achish of Gath. 21:13 He altered his behavior in their presence. 4 Since he was in their power, 5 he pretended to be insane, making marks on the doors of the gate and letting his saliva run down his beard.
21:14 Achish said to his servants, “Look at this madman! Why did you bring him to me? 21:15 Do I have a shortage of fools, that you have brought me this man to display his insanity in front of me? Should this man enter my house?”
1 Samuel 28:1-2
Context28:1 In those days the Philistines gathered their troops 6 for war in order to fight Israel. Achish said to David, “You should fully understand that you and your men must go with me into the battle.” 7 28:2 David replied to Achish, “That being the case, you will come to know what your servant can do!” Achish said to David, “Then I will make you my bodyguard 8 from now on.” 9
1 Samuel 29:2--30:3
Context29:2 When the leaders of the Philistines were passing in review at the head of their units of hundreds and thousands, 10 David and his men were passing in review in the rear with Achish.
29:3 The leaders of the Philistines asked, “What about these Hebrews?” Achish said to the leaders of the Philistines, “Isn’t this David, the servant of King Saul of Israel, who has been with me for quite some time? 11 I have found no fault with him from the day of his defection until the present time!” 12
29:4 But the leaders of the Philistines became angry with him and said 13 to him, “Send the man back! Let him return to the place that you assigned him! Don’t let him go down with us into the battle, for he might become 14 our adversary in the battle. What better way to please his lord than with the heads of these men? 15 29:5 Isn’t this David, of whom they sang as they danced, 16
‘Saul has struck down his thousands,
but David his tens of thousands’?”
29:6 So Achish summoned David and said to him, “As surely as the Lord lives, you are an honest man, and I am glad to have you 17 serving 18 with me in the army. 19 I have found no fault with you from the day that you first came to me until the present time. But in the opinion 20 of the leaders, you are not reliable. 21 29:7 So turn and leave 22 in peace. You must not do anything that the leaders of the Philistines consider improper!” 23
29:8 But David said to Achish, “What have I done? What have you found in your servant from the day that I first came into your presence until the present time, that I shouldn’t go and fight the enemies of my lord the king?” 29:9 Achish replied to David, “I am convinced that you are as reliable 24 as the angel of God! However, the leaders of the Philistines have said, ‘He must not go up with us in the battle.’ 29:10 So get up early in the morning along with the servants of your lord who have come with you. 25 When you get up early in the morning, as soon as it is light enough to see, leave.” 26
29:11 So David and his men got up early in the morning to return 27 to the land of the Philistines, but the Philistines went up to Jezreel.
30:1 On the third day David and his men came to Ziklag. Now the Amalekites had raided the Negev and Ziklag. They attacked Ziklag and burned it. 28 30:2 They took captive the women who were in it, from the youngest to the oldest, but they did not kill anyone. They simply carried them off and went on their way.
30:3 When David and his men came to the city, they found it burned. 29 Their wives, sons, and daughters had been taken captive.
[27:10] 1 tc The translation follows the LXX (ἐπι τίνα, epi tina) and Vulgate (in quem) which assume אֶל מִי (’el mi, “to whom”) rather than the MT אַל (’al, “not”). The MT makes no sense here. Another possibility is that the text originally had אַן (’an, “where”), which has been distorted in the MT to אַל. Cf. the Syriac Peshitta and the Targum, which have “where.”
[27:11] 2 tn Heb “all the days.”
[21:12] 3 tn Heb “placed these matters in his heart.”
[21:13] 4 tn Heb “in their eyes.”
[21:13] 5 tn Heb “in their hand.”
[28:1] 6 tn Heb “their camps.”
[28:1] 7 tc The translation follows the LXX (εἰς πόλεμον, eis polemon) and a Qumran
[28:2] 8 tn Heb “the guardian for my head.”
[28:2] 9 tn Heb “all the days.”
[29:2] 10 tn Heb “passing by with respect to hundreds and thousands.” This apparently describes a mustering of troops for the purpose of inspection and readiness.
[29:3] 11 tn Heb “these days or these years.”
[29:3] 12 tn Heb “from the day of his falling [away] until this day.”
[29:4] 13 tn Heb “and the leaders of the Philistines said.”
[29:4] 14 tn Heb “so that he might not become.”
[29:4] 15 tn Or perhaps, “our men.” On this use of the demonstrative pronoun see Joüon 2:532 §143.e.
[29:6] 17 tn Heb “it is good in my eyes.” Cf. v. 7.
[29:6] 18 tn Heb “your going forth and your coming in.” The expression is a merism.
[29:7] 23 tn Heb “and you must not do evil in the eyes of the leaders of the Philistines.”
[29:9] 24 tn Heb “I know that you are good in my eyes.”
[29:10] 25 tc The LXX and a couple of Old Latin
[29:10] 26 tn Heb “when you get up early in the morning and you have light, go.”
[29:11] 27 tc Heb “to go in the morning to return.” With the exception of Origen and the Lucianic recension, the Old Greek tradition lacks the phrase “in the morning.” The Syriac Peshitta also omits it.
[30:1] 28 tn The Hebrew text adds “with fire.”
[30:3] 29 tn Heb “and David and his men came to the city, and look, it was burned with fire.”
