Discovery Box2 Corinthians 4:7-12
Context4:7 But we have this treasure in clay jars, so that the extraordinary power 1 belongs to God and does not come from us. 4:8 We are experiencing trouble on every side, 2 but are not crushed; we are perplexed, 3 but not driven to despair; 4:9 we are persecuted, but not abandoned; 4 we are knocked down, 5 but not destroyed, 4:10 always carrying around in our body the death of Jesus, 6 so that the life of Jesus may also be made visible 7 in our body. 4:11 For we who are alive are constantly being handed over to death for Jesus’ sake, so that the life of Jesus may also be made visible 8 in our mortal body. 9 4:12 As a result, 10 death is at work in us, but life is at work in you. 11
Acts 19:23-35
Context19:23 At 12 that time 13 a great disturbance 14 took place concerning the Way. 15 19:24 For a man named Demetrius, a silversmith who made silver shrines 16 of Artemis, 17 brought a great deal 18 of business 19 to the craftsmen. 19:25 He gathered 20 these 21 together, along with the workmen in similar trades, 22 and said, “Men, you know that our prosperity 23 comes from this business. 19:26 And you see and hear that this Paul has persuaded 24 and turned away 25 a large crowd, 26 not only in Ephesus 27 but in practically all of the province of Asia, 28 by saying 29 that gods made by hands are not gods at all. 30 19:27 There is danger not only that this business of ours will come into disrepute, 31 but also that the temple of the great goddess Artemis 32 will be regarded as nothing, 33 and she whom all the province of Asia 34 and the world worship will suffer the loss of her greatness.” 35
19:28 When 36 they heard 37 this they became enraged 38 and began to shout, 39 “Great is Artemis 40 of the Ephesians!” 19:29 The 41 city was filled with the uproar, 42 and the crowd 43 rushed to the theater 44 together, 45 dragging with them Gaius and Aristarchus, the Macedonians who were Paul’s traveling companions. 19:30 But when Paul wanted to enter the public assembly, 46 the disciples would not let him. 19:31 Even some of the provincial authorities 47 who were his friends sent 48 a message 49 to him, urging him not to venture 50 into the theater. 19:32 So then some were shouting one thing, some another, for the assembly was in confusion, and most of them did not know why they had met together. 51 19:33 Some of the crowd concluded 52 it was about 53 Alexander because the Jews had pushed him to the front. 54 Alexander, gesturing 55 with his hand, was wanting to make a defense 56 before the public assembly. 57 19:34 But when they recognized 58 that he was a Jew, they all shouted in unison, 59 “Great is Artemis 60 of the Ephesians!” for about two hours. 61 19:35 After the city secretary 62 quieted the crowd, he said, “Men of Ephesus, what person 63 is there who does not know that the city of the Ephesians is the keeper 64 of the temple of the great Artemis 65 and of her image that fell from heaven? 66
Acts 19:1
Context19:1 While 67 Apollos was in Corinth, 68 Paul went through the inland 69 regions 70 and came to Ephesus. 71 He 72 found some disciples there 73
Colossians 1:1
Context1:1 From Paul, 74 an apostle of Christ Jesus by the will of God, and Timothy our brother,
Colossians 1:9
Context1:9 For this reason we also, from the day we heard about you, 75 have not ceased praying for you and asking God 76 to fill 77 you with the knowledge of his will in all spiritual wisdom and understanding,
[4:7] 1 tn Grk “the surpassingness of the power”; δυνάμεως (dunamew") has been translated as an attributed genitive (“extraordinary power”).
[4:8] 2 tn Grk “we are hard pressed [by crowds] on every side.”
[4:9] 5 tn Or “badly hurt.” It is possible to interpret καταβαλλόμενοι (kataballomenoi) here as “badly hurt”: “[we are] badly hurt, but not destroyed” (L&N 20.21).
[4:10] 6 tn The first clause of 2 Cor 4:10 is elliptical and apparently refers to the fact that Paul was constantly in danger of dying in the same way Jesus died (by violence at least). According to L&N 23.99 it could be translated, “at all times we live in the constant threat of being killed as Jesus was.”
[4:10] 7 tn Or “may also be revealed.”
[4:11] 8 tn Or “may also be revealed.”
[4:11] 9 tn Grk “mortal flesh.”
[4:12] 11 tn Grk “death is at work in us, but life in you”; the phrase “is at work in” is repeated in the translation for clarity.
[19:23] 12 tn Grk “There happened at that time.” The introductory phrase ἐγένετο (egeneto, “it happened that”), common in Luke (69 times) and Acts (54 times), is redundant in contemporary English and has not been translated. Instead the verb “took place” has been supplied in the translation.
[19:23] 13 tn BDAG 512 s.v. κατά B.2.a, “in definite indications of time…Of the past: κ. ἐκεῖνον τὸν καιρόν at that time, then…Ac 12:1; 19:23.”
[19:23] 14 tn Grk “no little disturbance” (an idiom; see BDAG 991 s.v. τάραχος 2).
[19:23] 15 sn The Way refers to the Christian movement (Christianity).
[19:24] 16 tn BDAG 665 s.v. ναός 1.a states, “Specif. of temples: of replicas of the temple of Artemis at Ephesus 19:24…but here, near ἱερόν vs. 27…ναός can be understood in the more restricted sense shrine, where the image of the goddess stood.”
[19:24] 17 sn Artemis was the name of a Greek goddess worshiped particularly in Asia Minor, whose temple, one of the seven wonders of the ancient world, was located just outside the city of Ephesus.
[19:24] 18 tn Grk “brought not a little business” (an idiom).
[19:24] 19 sn A great deal of business. The charge that Christianity brought economic and/or social upheaval was made a number of times in Acts: 16:20-21; 17:6-7; 18:13.
[19:25] 20 tn Grk “gathering.” The participle συναθροίσας (sunaqroisa") has been translated as a finite verb due to requirements of contemporary English style.
[19:25] 21 tn Grk “whom”; because of the length and complexity of the Greek sentence, the relative pronoun (“whom”) has been replaced with a pronoun (“these”) and a new sentence begun in the translation.
[19:25] 22 sn Workmen in similar trades. In effect, Demetrius gathered the Ephesian chamber of commerce together to hear about the threat to their prosperity.
[19:25] 23 tn Another possible meaning is “that this business is an easy way for us to earn a living.”
[19:26] 24 tn Grk “persuading.” The participle πείσας (peisa") has been translated as a finite verb due to requirements of contemporary English style.
[19:26] 26 tn BDAG 472 s.v. ἱκανός 3.a has “of pers. ὄχλος a large crowd…Ac 11:24, 26; 19:26.”
[19:26] 27 map For location see JP1 D2; JP2 D2; JP3 D2; JP4 D2.
[19:26] 28 tn Grk “Asia”; see the note on this word in v. 22.
[19:26] 29 tn The participle λέγων (legwn) has been regarded as indicating instrumentality.
[19:26] 30 tn The words “at all” are not in the Greek text but are implied.
[19:27] 31 tn Or “come under public criticism.” BDAG 101 s.v. ἀπελεγμός has “come into disrepute Ac 19:27.”
[19:27] 32 sn Artemis was the name of a Greek goddess worshiped particularly in Asia Minor, whose temple, one of the seven wonders of the ancient world, was located just outside the city of Ephesus.
[19:27] 33 tn BDAG 597 s.v. λογίζομαι 1.b has “εἰς οὐθὲν λογισθῆναι be looked upon as nothing…Ac 19:27.”
[19:27] 34 tn Grk “Asia”; see the note on this word in v. 22.
[19:27] 35 tn Or “her magnificence.” BDAG 488 s.v. καθαιρέω 2.b has “καθαιρεῖσθαι τῆς μεγαλειότητος αὐτῆς suffer the loss of her magnificence Ac 19:27”; L&N 13.38 has “‘and to have her greatness done away with’ Ac 19:27.”
[19:28] 36 tn Grk “And when.” Because of the difference between Greek style, which often begins sentences or clauses with “and,” and English style, which generally does not, καί (kai) has not been translated here.
[19:28] 37 tn Grk “And hearing.” The participle ἀκούσαντες (akousante") has been taken temporally.
[19:28] 38 tn Grk “they became filled with rage” (an idiom). The reaction of the Ephesians here is like that of the Jews earlier, though Luke referred to “zeal” or “jealousy” in the former case (Acts 7:54).
[19:28] 39 tn Grk “and began shouting, saying.” The imperfect verb ἔκραζον (ekrazon) has been translated as an ingressive imperfect. The participle λέγοντες (legontes) is redundant in English and has not been translated.
[19:28] 40 sn Artemis was a Greek goddess worshiped particularly in Asia Minor, whose temple, one of the seven wonders of the ancient world, was located just outside the city of Ephesus.
[19:29] 41 tn Grk “And the.” Because of the difference between Greek style, which often begins sentences or clauses with “and,” and English style, which generally does not, καί (kai) has not been translated here.
[19:29] 42 tn L&N 39.43 has “‘the uproar spread throughout the whole city’ (literally ‘the city was filled with uproar’) Ac 19:29.” BDAG 954 s.v. σύγχυσις has “confusion, tumult.”
[19:29] 43 tn Grk “they”; the referent (the crowd) has been specified in the translation for clarity.
[19:29] 44 sn To the theater. This location made the event a public spectacle. The Grand Theater in Ephesus (still standing today) stood facing down the main thoroughfare of the city toward the docks. It had a seating capacity of 25,000.
[19:29] 45 tn Grk “to the theater with one accord.”
[19:30] 46 tn Or “enter the crowd.” According to BDAG 223 s.v. δῆμος 2, “in a Hellenistic city, a convocation of citizens called together for the purpose of transacting official business, popular assembly…εἰσελθεῖν εἰς τὸν δ. go into the assembly 19:30.”
[19:31] 47 tn Grk “Asiarchs” (high-ranking officials of the province of Asia).
[19:31] 48 tn Grk “sending”; the participle πέμψαντες (pemyante") has been translated as a finite verb due to requirements of contemporary English style.
[19:31] 49 tn The words “a message” are not in the Greek text but are implied. Direct objects were often omitted in Greek when clear from the context, but must be supplied for the modern English reader.
[19:31] 50 tn BDAG 242-43 s.v. δίδωμι 11 has “to cause (oneself) to go, go, venture somewhere (cp. our older ‘betake oneself’)…Ac 19:31.” The desire of these sympathetic authorities was surely to protect Paul’s life. The detail indicates how dangerous things had become.
[19:32] 51 tn Or “had assembled.”
[19:33] 52 tn Or “Some of the crowd gave instructions to.”
[19:33] 53 tn The words “it was about” are not in the Greek text but are implied; ᾿Αλέξανδρον (Alexandron) is taken to be an accusative of general reference.
[19:33] 54 tn BDAG 865 s.v. προβάλλω 1 has “to cause to come forward, put forward…τινά someone…push someone forward to speak in the theater…Ac 19:33.”
[19:33] 56 sn The nature of Alexander’s defense is not clear. It appears he was going to explain, as a Jew, that the problem was not caused by Jews, but by those of “the Way.” However, he never got a chance to speak.
[19:33] 57 tn Or “before the crowd.” According to BDAG 223 s.v. δῆμος 2, “in a Hellenistic city, a convocation of citizens called together for the purpose of transacting official business, popular assembly…ἀπολογεῖσθαι τῷ δ. make a defense before the assembly vs. 33.”
[19:34] 58 tn Grk “But recognizing.” The participle ἐπιγνόντες (epignonte") has been translated as a finite verb due to requirements of contemporary English style.
[19:34] 59 tn Grk “[they shouted] with one voice from all of them” (an idiom).
[19:34] 60 sn Artemis was a Greek goddess worshiped particularly in Asia Minor, whose temple, one of the seven wonders of the ancient world, was located just outside the city of Ephesus, 1.25 mi (2 km) northeast of the Grand Theater. Dimensions were 418 ft by 239 ft (125 m by 72 m) for the platform; the temple proper was 377 ft by 180 ft (113 m by 54 m). The roof was supported by 117 columns, each 60 ft (18 m) high by 6 ft (1.8 m) in diameter. The Emperor Justinian of Byzantium later took these columns for use in construction of the Hagia Sophia, where they still exist (in modern day Istanbul).
[19:34] 61 sn They all shouted…for about two hours. The extent of the tumult shows the racial and social tensions of a cosmopolitan city like Ephesus, indicating what the Christians in such locations had to face.
[19:35] 62 tn Or “clerk.” The “scribe” (γραμματεύς, grammateu") was the keeper of the city’s records.
[19:35] 63 tn This is a generic use of ἄνθρωπος (anqrwpo").
[19:35] 64 tn See BDAG 670 s.v. νεωκόρος. The city is described as the “warden” or “guardian” of the goddess and her temple.
[19:35] 65 sn Artemis was a Greek goddess worshiped particularly in Asia Minor, whose temple, one of the seven wonders of the ancient world, was located just outside the city of Ephesus.
[19:35] 66 tn Or “from the sky” (the same Greek word means both “heaven” and “sky”).
[19:1] 67 tn Grk “It happened that while.” The introductory phrase ἐγένετο (egeneto, “it happened that”), common in Luke (69 times) and Acts (54 times), is redundant in contemporary English and has not been translated.
[19:1] 68 map For location see JP1 C2; JP2 C2; JP3 C2; JP4 C2.
[19:1] 70 tn BDAG 92 s.v. ἀνωτερικός has “upper τὰ ἀ. μέρη the upper (i.e. inland) country, the interior Ac 19:1.”
[19:1] 71 map For location see JP1 D2; JP2 D2; JP3 D2; JP4 D2.
[19:1] 72 tn Grk “and found.” Because of the length of the Greek sentence and the sequencing with the following verse the conjunction καί (kai) has not been translated here. Instead a new English sentence is begun.
[19:1] 73 tn The word “there” is not in the Greek text but is implied.
[1:1] 74 tn Grk “Paul.” The word “from” is not in the Greek text, but has been supplied to indicate the sender of the letter.
[1:9] 75 tn Or “heard about it”; Grk “heard.” There is no direct object stated in the Greek (direct objects were frequently omitted in Greek when clear from the context). A direct object is expected by an English reader, however, so most translations supply one. Here, however, it is not entirely clear what the author “heard”: a number of translations supply “it” (so KJV, NASB, NRSV; NAB “this”), but this could refer back either to (1) “your love in the Spirit” at the end of v. 8, or (2) “your faith in Christ Jesus and the love that you have for all the saints” (v. 4). In light of this uncertainty, other translations supply “about you” (TEV, NIV, CEV, NLT). This is preferred by the present translation since, while it does not resolve the ambiguity entirely, it does make it less easy for the English reader to limit the reference only to “your love in the Spirit” at the end of v. 8.
[1:9] 76 tn The term “God” does not appear in the Greek text, but the following reference to “the knowledge of his will” makes it clear that “God” is in view as the object of the “praying and asking,” and should therefore be included in the English translation for clarity.
[1:9] 77 tn The ἵνα (Jina) clause has been translated as substantival, indicating the content of the prayer and asking. The idea of purpose may also be present in this clause.
