2 Peter 2:18-20

2:18 For by speaking high-sounding but empty words ¹  they are able to entice, ²  with fleshly desires and with debauchery, ³  people ⁴  who have just escaped ⁵  from those who reside in error. ⁶  2:19 Although these false teachers promise ⁷  such people ⁸  freedom, they themselves are enslaved to ⁹  immorality. ¹⁰  For whatever a person succumbs to, to that he is enslaved. ¹¹  2:20 For if after they have escaped the filthy things ¹²  of the world through the rich knowledge of our Lord and Savior Jesus Christ, ¹³  they ¹⁴  again get entangled in them and succumb to them, ¹⁵  their last state has become worse for them than their first.

Galatians 6:8

6:8 because the person who sows to his own flesh ¹⁶  will reap corruption ¹⁷  from the flesh, ¹⁸  but the one who sows to the Spirit will reap eternal life from the Spirit.

James 4:1-3

Passions and Pride

4:1 Where do the conflicts and where ¹⁹  do the quarrels among you come from? Is it not from this, ²⁰  from your passions that battle inside you? ²¹  4:2 You desire and you do not have; you murder and envy and you cannot obtain; you quarrel and fight. You do not have because you do not ask; 4:3 you ask and do not receive because you ask wrongly, so you can spend it on your passions.

James 4:1-3

Passions and Pride

4:1 Where do the conflicts and where ²²  do the quarrels among you come from? Is it not from this, ²³  from your passions that battle inside you? ²⁴  4:2 You desire and you do not have; you murder and envy and you cannot obtain; you quarrel and fight. You do not have because you do not ask; 4:3 you ask and do not receive because you ask wrongly, so you can spend it on your passions.

James 4:1

Passions and Pride

4:1 Where do the conflicts and where ²⁵  do the quarrels among you come from? Is it not from this, ²⁶  from your passions that battle inside you? ²⁷ 

James 2:15-16

2:15 If a brother or sister ²⁸  is poorly clothed and lacks daily food, 2:16 and one of you says to them, “Go in peace, keep warm and eat well,” but you do not give them what the body needs, ²⁹  what good is it?

[2:18]  ¹ tn Grk “high-sounding words of futility.”

[2:18]  ² tn Grk “they entice.”

[2:18]  ³ tn Grk “with the lusts of the flesh, with debauchery.”

[2:18]  ⁴ tn Grk “those.”

[2:18]  ⁵ tn Or “those who are barely escaping.”

[2:18]  ⁶ tn Or “deceit.”

[2:19]  ⁷ tn Verse 19 is a subordinate clause in Greek. The masculine nominative participle “promising” (ἐπαγγελλόμενοι, epangellomenoi) refers back to the subject of vv. 17-18. At the same time, it functions subordinately to the following participle, ὑπάρχοντες (Juparconte", “while being”).

[2:19]  ⁸ tn Grk “them.”

[2:19]  ⁹ tn Grk “slaves of.” See the note on the word “slave” in 1:1.

[2:19]  ¹⁰ tn Or “corruption,” “depravity.” Verse 19 constitutes a subordinate clause to v. 18 in Greek. The main verbal components of these two verses are: “uttering…they entice…promising…being (enslaved).” The main verb is (they) entice. The three participles are adverbial and seem to indicate an instrumental relation (by uttering), a concessive relation (although promising), and a temporal relation (while being [enslaved]). For the sake of English usage, in the translation of the text this is broken down into two sentences.

[2:19]  ¹¹ tn Grk “for by what someone is overcome, to this he is enslaved.”

[2:20]  ¹³ tn Grk “defilements”; “contaminations”; “pollutions.”

[2:20]  ¹⁴ sn Through the rich knowledge of our Lord and Savior Jesus Christ. The implication is not that these people necessarily knew the Lord (in the sense of being saved), but that they were in the circle of those who had embraced Christ as Lord and Savior.

[2:20]  ¹⁵ tn Grk “(and/but) they.”

[2:20]  ¹⁶ tn Grk “they again, after becoming entangled in them, are overcome by them.”

[6:8]  ¹⁹ tn BDAG 915 s.v. σάρξ 2.c.α states: “In Paul’s thought esp., all parts of the body constitute a totality known as σ. or flesh, which is dominated by sin to such a degree that wherever flesh is, all forms of sin are likew. present, and no good thing can live in the σάρξ…Gal 5:13, 24;…Opp. τὸ πνεῦμα…Gal 3:3; 5:16, 17ab; 6:8ab.”

[6:8]  ²⁰ tn Or “destruction.”

[6:8]  ²¹ tn See the note on the previous occurrence of the word “flesh” in this verse.

[4:1]  ²⁵ tn The word “where” is repeated in Greek for emphasis.

[4:1]  ²⁶ tn Grk “from here.”

[4:1]  ²⁷ tn Grk “in your members [i.e., parts of the body].”

[4:1]  ³¹ tn The word “where” is repeated in Greek for emphasis.

[4:1]  ³² tn Grk “from here.”

[4:1]  ³³ tn Grk “in your members [i.e., parts of the body].”

[4:1]  ³⁷ tn The word “where” is repeated in Greek for emphasis.

[4:1]  ³⁸ tn Grk “from here.”

[4:1]  ³⁹ tn Grk “in your members [i.e., parts of the body].”

[2:15]  ⁴³ tn It is important to note that the words ἀδελφός (adelfos) and ἀδελφή (adelfh) both occur in the Greek text at this point, confirming that the author intended to refer to both men and women. See the note on “someone” in 2:2.

[2:16]  ⁴⁹ tn Grk “what is necessary for the body.”