2 Samuel 10:4-5

10:4 So Hanun seized David’s servants and shaved off half of each one’s beard. He cut the lower part of their robes off so that their buttocks were exposed, ¹  and then sent them away. 10:5 Messengers ²  told David what had happened, ³  so he summoned them, for the men were thoroughly humiliated. The king said, “Stay in Jericho ⁴  until your beards have grown again; then you may come back.”

2 Samuel 10:2

10:2 David said, “I will express my loyalty ⁵  to Hanun son of Nahash just as his father was loyal ⁶  to me.” So David sent his servants with a message expressing sympathy over his father’s death. ⁷  When David’s servants entered the land of the Ammonites,

2 Samuel 1:16

1:16 David said to him, “Your blood be on your own head! Your own mouth has testified against you, saying ‘I have put the Lord’s anointed to death.’”

Mark 12:4

12:4 So ⁸  he sent another slave to them again. This one they struck on the head and treated outrageously.

Luke 20:10-11

20:10 When harvest time came, he sent a slave ⁹  to the tenants so that they would give ¹⁰  him his portion of the crop. ¹¹  However, the tenants beat his slave ¹²  and sent him away empty-handed. 20:11 So ¹³  he sent another slave. They beat this one too, treated him outrageously, and sent him away empty-handed. ¹⁴ 

[10:4]  ¹ tn Heb “and he cut their robes in the middle unto their buttocks.”

[10:5]  ² tn Heb “they”; the referent (the messengers) has been specified in the translation for clarity.

[10:5]  ³ tn The words “what had happened” are supplied in the translation for stylistic reasons.

[10:5]  ⁴ map For location see Map5 B2; Map6 E1; Map7 E1; Map8 E3; Map10 A2; Map11 A1.

[10:2]  ⁵ tn Heb “do loyalty.”

[10:2]  ⁶ tn Heb “did loyalty.”

[10:2]  ⁷ tn Heb “and David sent to console him by the hand of his servants concerning his father.”

[12:4]  ⁸ tn Here καί (kai) has been translated as “so” to indicate the implied result of the tenants’ mistreatment of the first slave.

[20:10]  ⁹ sn This slave (along with the next two) represent the prophets God sent to the nation, who were mistreated and rejected.

[20:10]  ¹⁰ tc Instead of the future indicative δώσουσιν (dwsousin, “they will give”), most witnesses (C D W Θ Ψ Ë¹ Ï) have the aorist subjunctive δῶσιν (dwsin, “they might give”). The aorist subjunctive is expected following ἵνα ({ina, “so that”), so it is almost surely a motivated reading. Further, early and excellent witnesses, as well as a few others (א A B ˹³ 33 579 1241 2542 al), have δώσουσιν. It is thus more likely that the future indicative is authentic. For a discussion of this construction, see BDF §369.2.

[20:10]  ¹¹ tn Grk “from the fruit of the vineyard.”

[20:10]  ¹² tn Grk “him”; the referent (the slave sent by the owner) has been specified in the translation for clarity.

[20:11]  ¹³ tn Here καί (kai) has been translated as “so” to indicate the implied result of the tenants’ mistreatment of the first slave.

[20:11]  ¹⁴ sn The slaves being sent empty-handed suggests that the vineyard was not producing any fruit – and thus neither was the nation of Israel.