Discovery Box2 Samuel 22:47-49
ContextMy protector 2 is praiseworthy! 3
The God who delivers me 4 is exalted as king! 5
22:48 The one true God completely vindicates me; 6
he makes nations submit to me. 7
22:49 He delivers me from my enemies; 8
you snatch me away 9 from those who attack me; 10
you rescue me from violent men.
[22:47] 1 tn Elsewhere the construction חַי־יְהוָה (khay-yÿhvah) as used exclusively as an oath formula, but this is not the case here, for no oath follows. Here the statement is an affirmation of the
[22:47] 2 tn Heb “my rocky cliff,” which is a metaphor for protection.
[22:47] 3 tn Or “blessed [i.e., praised] be.”
[22:47] 4 tn Heb “the God of the rock of my deliverance.” The term צוּר (tsur, “rock”) is probably accidentally repeated from the previous line. The parallel version in Ps 18:46 has simply “the God of my deliverance.”
[22:47] 5 tn The words “as king” are supplied in the translation for clarification. In the Psalms the verb רוּם (rum, “be exalted”) when used of God, refers to his exalted position as king (Pss 99:2; 113:4; 138:6) and/or his self-revelation as king through his mighty deeds of deliverance (Pss 21:13; 46:10; 57:5, 11).
[22:48] 6 tn Heb “The God is the one who grants vengeance to me.” The plural form of the noun “vengeance” indicates degree here, suggesting complete vengeance or vindication. In the ancient Near East military victory was sometimes viewed as a sign that one’s God had judged in favor of the victor, avenging and/or vindicating him. See, for example, Judg 11:27, 32-33, 36.
[22:48] 7 tn Heb “and [is the one who] brings down nations beneath me.”
[22:49] 8 tn Heb “and [the one who] brings me out from my enemies.”
[22:49] 9 tn Heb “you lift me up.” In light of the preceding and following references to deliverance, the verb רוּם (rum) probably here refers to being rescued from danger (see Ps 9:13). However, it could mean “exalt; elevate” here, indicating that the
