Acts 21:34

21:34 But some in the crowd shouted one thing, and others something else, ¹  and when the commanding officer ²  was unable ³  to find out the truth ⁴  because of the disturbance, ⁵  he ordered Paul ⁶  to be brought into the barracks. ⁷ 

Acts 22:30

Paul Before the Sanhedrin

22:30 The next day, because the commanding officer ⁸  wanted to know the true reason ⁹  Paul ¹⁰  was being accused by the Jews, he released him and ordered the chief priests and the whole council ¹¹  to assemble. He then brought ¹²  Paul down and had him stand before them.

Acts 23:3

23:3 Then Paul said to him, “God is going to strike you, you whitewashed wall! ¹³  Do ¹⁴  you sit there judging me according to the law, ¹⁵  and in violation of the law ¹⁶  you order me to be struck?”

Acts 23:10

23:10 When the argument became ¹⁷  so great the commanding officer ¹⁸  feared that they would tear Paul to pieces, ¹⁹  he ordered the detachment ²⁰  to go down, take him away from them by force, ²¹  and bring him into the barracks. ²² 

Acts 25:6

25:6 After Festus ²³  had stayed ²⁴  not more than eight or ten days among them, he went down to Caesarea, ²⁵  and the next day he sat ²⁶  on the judgment seat ²⁷  and ordered Paul to be brought.

Acts 25:23

Paul Before King Agrippa and Bernice

25:23 So the next day Agrippa ²⁸  and Bernice came with great pomp ²⁹  and entered the audience hall, ³⁰  along with the senior military officers ³¹  and the prominent men of the city. When Festus ³²  gave the order, ³³  Paul was brought in.

Acts 27:43

27:43 But the centurion, ³⁴  wanting to save Paul’s life, ³⁵  prevented them from carrying out their plan. He ordered those who could swim to jump overboard first and get to land, ³⁶ 

[21:34]  ¹ tn L&N 33.77 has “ἄλλοι δὲ ἄλλο τι ἐπεφώνουν ἐν τῷ ὄχλῳ ‘some in the crowd shouted one thing; others, something else’ Ac 21:34.”

[21:34]  ² tn Grk “he”; the referent (the commanding officer) has been specified in the translation for clarity.

[21:34]  ³ tn This genitive absolute construction has been translated temporally; it could also be taken causally: “and since the commanding officer was unable to find out the truth.”

[21:34]  ⁴ tn Or “find out what had happened”; Grk “the certainty” (BDAG 147 s.v. ἀσφαλής 2).

[21:34]  ⁵ tn Or “clamor,” “uproar” (BDAG 458 s.v. θόρυβος).

[21:34]  ⁶ tn Grk “him”; the referent (Paul) has been specified in the translation for clarity.

[21:34]  ⁷ tn Or “the headquarters.” BDAG 775 s.v. παρεμβολή 2 has “barracks/headquarters of the Roman troops in Jerusalem Ac 21:34, 37; 22:24; 23:10, 16, 32.”

[22:30]  ⁸ tn Grk “he”; the referent (the commanding officer) has been supplied here in the translation for clarity.

[22:30]  ⁹ tn Grk “the certainty, why.” BDAG 147 s.v. ἀσφαλής 2 has “τὸ ἀ. the certainty = the truth (in ref. to ferreting out the facts…ἵνα τὸ ἀ. ἐπιγνῶ) γνῶναι 21:34; 22:30.”

[22:30]  ¹⁰ tn Grk “he”; the referent (Paul) has been specified in the translation for clarity.

[22:30]  ¹¹ tn Grk “the whole Sanhedrin” (the Sanhedrin was the highest legal, legislative, and judicial body among the Jews).

[22:30]  ¹² tn Grk “and bringing.” The participle καταγαγών (katagagwn) has been translated as a finite verb due to requirements of contemporary English style. Because of the length and complexity of the Greek sentence, a new sentence was begun in the translation, and καί (kai) has been translated as “then” to clarify the logical sequence.

[23:3]  ¹⁵ sn You whitewashed wall. This was an idiom for hypocrisy – just as the wall was painted on the outside but something different on the inside, so this person was not what he appeared or pretended to be (L&N 88.234; see also BDAG 1010 s.v. τοῖχος). Paul was claiming that the man’s response was two-faced (Ezek 13:10-16; Matt 23:27-28). See also Deut 28:22.

[23:3]  ¹⁶ tn Grk “And do.” Because of the difference between Greek style, which often begins sentences or clauses with “and,” and English style, which generally does not, καί (kai) has not been translated here.

[23:3]  ¹⁷ tn The law refers to the law of Moses.

[23:3]  ¹⁸ tn BDAG 769 s.v. παρανομέω has “παρανομῶν κελεύεις in violation of the law you order Ac 23:3.”

[23:10]  ²² tn This genitive absolute construction with the participle γινομένης (ginomenhs) has been taken temporally (it could also be translated as causal).

[23:10]  ²³ tn Grk “the chiliarch” (an officer in command of a thousand soldiers). In Greek the term χιλίαρχος (ciliarco") literally described the “commander of a thousand,” but it was used as the standard translation for the Latin tribunus militum or tribunus militare, the military tribune who commanded a cohort of 600 men.

[23:10]  ²⁴ tn Grk “that Paul would be torn to pieces by them.” BDAG 236 s.v. διασπάω has “of an angry mob μὴ διασπασθῇ ὁ Παῦλος ὑπ᾿ αὐτῶν that Paul would be torn in pieces by them Ac 23:10.” The passive construction is somewhat awkward in English and has been converted to an equivalent active construction in the translation.

[23:10]  ²⁵ tn Normally this term means “army,” but according to BDAG 947 s.v. στράτευμα, “Of a smaller detachment of soldiers, sing. Ac 23:10, 27.” In the plural it can be translated “troops,” but it is singular here.

[23:10]  ²⁶ tn Or “to go down, grab him out of their midst.”

[23:10]  ²⁷ tn Or “the headquarters.” BDAG 775 s.v. παρεμβολή 2 has “barracks/headquarters of the Roman troops in Jerusalem Ac 21:34, 37; 22:24; 23:10, 16, 32.”

[25:6]  ²⁹ tn Grk “he”; the referent (Festus) has been specified in the translation for clarity.

[25:6]  ³⁰ tn Grk “Having stayed.” The participle διατρίψας (diatriya") has been taken temporally.

[25:6]  ³¹ sn Caesarea was a city on the coast of Palestine south of Mount Carmel (not Caesarea Philippi). See the note on Caesarea in Acts 10:1.

[25:6]  ³² tn Grk “sitting down…he ordered.” The participle καθίσας (kaqisa") has been translated as a finite verb due to requirements of contemporary English style.

[25:6]  ³³ tn Although BDAG 175 s.v. βῆμα 3 gives the meaning “tribunal” for this verse, and a number of modern translations use similar terms (“court,” NIV; “tribunal,” NRSV), since the bhma was a standard feature in Greco-Roman cities of the time, there is no need for an alternative translation here.

[25:23]  ³⁶ sn See the note on King Agrippa in 25:13.

[25:23]  ³⁷ tn Or “great pageantry” (BDAG 1049 s.v. φαντασία; the term is a NT hapax legomenon).

[25:23]  ³⁸ tn Or “auditorium.” “Auditorium” may suggest to the modern English reader a theater where performances are held. Here it is the large hall where a king or governor would hold audiences. Paul once spoke of himself as a “spectacle” to the world (1 Cor 4:8-13).

[25:23]  ³⁹ tn Grk “the chiliarchs” (officers in command of a thousand soldiers). In Greek the term χιλίαρχος (ciliarco") literally described the “commander of a thousand,” but it was used as the standard translation for the Latin tribunus militum or tribunus militare, the military tribune who commanded a cohort of 600 men.

[25:23]  ⁴⁰ sn See the note on Porcius Festus in 24:27.

[25:23]  ⁴¹ tn Grk “and Festus ordering, Paul was brought in.” Because of the length and complexity of the Greek sentence, a new sentence was begun in the translation, and καί (kai) has not been translated. The participle κελεύσαντος (keleusanto") has been taken temporally.

[27:43]  ⁴³ sn See the note on the word centurion in 10:1.

[27:43]  ⁴⁴ tn Or “wanting to rescue Paul.”

[27:43]  ⁴⁵ tn BDAG 347 s.v. I. ἔξειμι has “ἐπὶ τὴν γῆν get to land Ac 27:43.”