Amos 8:5

8:5 You say,

“When will the new moon festival ¹  be over, ²  so we can sell grain?

When will the Sabbath end, ³  so we can open up the grain bins? ⁴ 

We’re eager ⁵  to sell less for a higher price, ⁶ 

and to cheat the buyer with rigged scales! ⁷ 

[8:5]  ¹ sn Apparently work was prohibited during the new moon festival, just as it was on the Sabbath.

[8:5]  ² tn Heb “pass by.”

[8:5]  ³ tn The verb, though omitted in the Hebrew text, is supplied in the translation from the parallel line.

[8:5]  ⁴ tn Heb “sell grain.” Here “grain” could stand by metonymy for the bins where it was stored.

[8:5]  ⁵ tn Here and in v. 6 the words “we’re eager” are supplied in the translation for clarification.

[8:5]  ⁶ tn Heb “to make small the ephah and to make great the shekel.” The “ephah” was a unit of dry measure used to determine the quantity purchased, while the “shekel” was a standard weight used to determine the purchase price. By using a smaller than standard ephah and a heavier than standard shekel, these merchants were able to increase their profit (“sell less for a higher price”) by cheating the buyer.

[8:5]  ⁷ tn Heb “and to cheat with deceptive scales”; NASB, NIV “dishonest scales”; NRSV “false balances.”