Daniel 1:18

1:18 When the time appointed by the king arrived, ¹  the overseer of the court officials brought them into Nebuchadnezzar’s presence.

Daniel 1:5

1:5 So the king assigned them a daily ration ²  from his royal delicacies ³  and from the wine he himself drank. They were to be trained ⁴  for the next three years. At the end of that time they were to enter the king’s service. ⁵ 

Daniel 1:15

1:15 At the end of the ten days their appearance was better and their bodies were healthier ⁶  than all the young men who had been eating the royal delicacies.

Daniel 1:2

1:2 Now the Lord ⁷  delivered ⁸  King Jehoiakim of Judah into his power, ⁹  along with some of the vessels ¹⁰  of the temple of God. ¹¹  He brought them to the land of Babylonia ¹²  to the temple of his god ¹³  and put ¹⁴  the vessels in the treasury of his god.

[1:18]  ¹ tn Heb “at the end of the days which the king said to bring them.”

[1:5]  ² tn Heb “a thing of a day in its day.”

[1:5]  ³ tn Heb “from the delicacies of the king.”

[1:5]  ⁴ tn Or “educated.” See HALOT 179 s.v. I גדל.

[1:5]  ⁵ tn Heb “stand before the king.”

[1:15]  ³ tn Heb “fat of flesh”; KJV, ASV “fatter in flesh”; NASB, NRSV “fatter” (although this is no longer a sign of health in Western culture).

[1:2]  ⁴ tn The Hebrew term translated “Lord” here is אֲדֹנָי (’adonay).

[1:2]  ⁵ tn Heb “gave.”

[1:2]  ⁶ tn Heb “hand,” which is often used idiomatically for one’s power and authority. See BDB 390 s.v. יָד 2.

[1:2]  ⁷ tn Or “utensils”; or “articles.”

[1:2]  ⁸ tn Heb “house of God.”

[1:2]  ⁹ sn The land of Babylonia (Heb “the land of Shinar”) is another name for Sumer and Akkad, where Babylon was located (cf. Gen 10:10; 11:2; 14:1, 9; Josh 7:21; Isa 11:11; Zech 5:11).

[1:2]  ¹⁰ tn Or “gods” (NCV, NRSV, TEV; also later in this verse). The Hebrew term can be used as a numerical plural for many gods or as a plural of majesty for one particular god. Since Nebuchadnezzar was a polytheist, it is not clear if the reference here is to many gods or one particular deity. The plural of majesty, while normally used for Israel’s God, is occasionally used of foreign gods (cf. BDB 43 s.v. אֱלֹהִים 1, 2). See Judg 11:24 (of the Moabite god Chemosh); 1 Sam 5:7 (of the Philistine god Dagon); 1 Kgs 11:33 (of the Canaanite goddess Astarte, the Moabite god Chemosh, and the Ammonite god Milcom); 2 Kgs 19:37 (of the Assyrian god Nisroch). Since gods normally had their own individual temples, Dan 1:2 probably refers to a particular deity, perhaps Marduk, the supreme god of Babylon, or Marduk’s son Nabu, after whom Nebuchadnezzar was named. The name Nebuchadnezzar means “Nabu has protected the son who will inherit” (HALOT 660 s.v. נְבוּכַדְרֶאצַּר). For a discussion of how temples functioned in Babylonian religion see H. Ringgren, Religions of the Ancient Near East, 77-81.

[1:2]  ¹¹ tn Heb “brought.” Though the Hebrew verb “brought” is repeated in this verse, the translation uses “brought…put” for stylistic variation.