Daniel 11:21-29

11:21 “Then there will arise in his place a despicable person ¹  to whom the royal honor has not been rightfully conferred. He will come on the scene in a time of prosperity and will seize the kingdom through deceit. 11:22 Armies ²  will be suddenly ³  swept away in defeat ⁴  before him; both they and a covenant leader ⁵  will be destroyed. ⁶  11:23 After ⁷  entering into an alliance with him, he will behave treacherously; he will ascend to power with only a small force. ⁸  11:24 In a time of prosperity for the most productive areas of the province he will come and accomplish what neither his fathers nor their fathers accomplished. He will distribute loot, spoils, and property to his followers, and he will devise plans against fortified cities, but not for long. ⁹  11:25 He will rouse his strength and enthusiasm ¹⁰  against the king of the south ¹¹  with a large army. The king of the south will wage war with a large and very powerful army, but he will not be able to prevail because of the plans devised against him. 11:26 Those who share the king’s fine food will attempt to destroy him, and his army will be swept away; ¹²  many will be killed in battle. 11:27 These two kings, their minds ¹³  filled with evil intentions, will trade ¹⁴  lies with one another at the same table. But it will not succeed, for there is still an end at the appointed time. 11:28 Then the king of the north ¹⁵  will return to his own land with much property. His mind will be set against the holy covenant. He will take action, and then return to his own land. 11:29 At an appointed time he will again invade the south, but this latter visit will not turn out the way the former one did.

[11:21]  ¹ sn This despicable person to whom the royal honor has not been rightfully conferred is Antiochus IV Epiphanes (ca. 175-164 B.C.).

[11:22]  ² tn Heb “arms.”

[11:22]  ³ tc The present translation reads הִשָּׁטֹף (hishatof), Niphal infinitive absolute of שָׁטַף (shataf, “to overflow”), for the MT הַשֶּׁטֶף (hashetef, “flood”).

[11:22]  ⁴ tn The words “in defeat” are added in the translation for clarification.

[11:22]  ⁵ tn Heb “a prince of the covenant.”

[11:22]  ⁶ tn Heb “broken” or “shattered.”

[11:23]  ³ tn The preposition מִן (min) is probably temporal here (so BDB 583 s.v. 7.c; cf. KJV, NAB, NASB, NIV, NRSV), although it could also be understood here as indicating means (so J. Goldingay, Daniel [WBC], 279, n. 23a; cf. TEV, NLT).

[11:23]  ⁴ tn Heb “nation.”

[11:24]  ⁴ tn Heb “and unto a time.”

[11:25]  ⁵ tn Heb “heart.”

[11:25]  ⁶ sn This king of the south was Ptolemy Philometer (ca. 181-145 B.C.).

[11:26]  ⁶ tc The present translation reads יִשָׁטֵף (yishatef, passive) rather than the MT יִשְׁטוֹף (yishtof, active).

[11:27]  ⁷ tn Heb “heart.” So also in v. 28.

[11:27]  ⁸ tn Heb “speak.”

[11:28]  ⁸ tn Heb “he”; the referent (the king of the north) has been specified in the translation for clarity.