Discovery BoxDaniel 6:2-28
Context6:2 Over them would be three supervisors, one of whom was Daniel. These satraps were accountable 1 to them, so that the king’s interests might not incur damage. 6:3 Now this Daniel was distinguishing himself above the other supervisors and the satraps, for he had an extraordinary spirit. In fact, the king intended to appoint him over the entire kingdom. 6:4 Consequently the supervisors and satraps were trying to find 2 some pretext against Daniel in connection with administrative matters. 3 But they were unable to find any such damaging evidence, 4 because he was trustworthy and guilty of no negligence or corruption. 5 6:5 So these men concluded, 6 “We won’t find any pretext against this man Daniel unless it is 7 in connection with the law of his God.”
6:6 So these supervisors and satraps came by collusion 8 to the king and said 9 to him, “O King Darius, live forever! 6:7 To all the supervisors of the kingdom, the prefects, satraps, counselors, and governors it seemed like a good idea for a royal edict to be issued and an interdict to be enforced. For the next thirty days anyone who prays 10 to any god or human other than you, O king, should be thrown into a den of lions. 6:8 Now let the king issue a written interdict 11 so that it cannot be altered, according to the law of the Medes and Persians, which cannot be changed. 12 6:9 So King Darius issued the written interdict.
6:10 When Daniel realized 13 that a written decree had been issued, he entered his home, where the windows 14 in his upper room opened toward Jerusalem. 15 Three 16 times daily he was 17 kneeling 18 and offering prayers and thanks to his God just as he had been accustomed to do previously. 6:11 Then those officials who had gone to the king 19 came by collusion and found Daniel praying and asking for help before his God. 6:12 So they approached the king and said to him, 20 “Did you not issue an edict to the effect that for the next thirty days anyone who prays to any god or human other than to you, O king, would be thrown into a den of lions?” The king replied, “That is correct, 21 according to the law of the Medes and Persians, which cannot be changed.” 6:13 Then they said to the king, “Daniel, who is one of the captives 22 from Judah, pays no attention to you, O king, or to the edict that you issued. Three times daily he offers his prayer.” 23
6:14 When the king heard this, 24 he was very upset and began thinking about 25 how he might rescue Daniel. Until late afternoon 26 he was struggling to find a way to rescue him. 6:15 Then those men came by collusion to the king and 27 said to him, 28 “Recall, 29 O king, that it is a law of the Medes and Persians that no edict or decree that the king issues can be changed.” 6:16 So the king gave the order, 30 and Daniel was brought and thrown into a den 31 of lions. The king consoled 32 Daniel by saying, “Your God whom you continually serve will rescue you!” 6:17 Then a stone was brought and placed over the opening 33 to the den. The king sealed 34 it with his signet ring and with those 35 of his nobles so that nothing could be changed with regard to Daniel. 6:18 Then the king departed to his palace. But he spent the night without eating, and no diversions 36 were brought to him. He was unable to sleep. 37
6:19 In the morning, at the earliest sign of daylight, the king got up and rushed to the lions’ den. 6:20 As he approached the den, he called out to Daniel in a worried voice, 38 “Daniel, servant of the living God, was your God whom you continually serve able to rescue you from the lions?”
6:21 Then Daniel spoke to 39 the king, “O king, live forever! 6:22 My God sent his angel and closed the lions’ mouths so that they have not harmed me, because I was found to be innocent before him. Nor have I done any harm to you, O king.”
6:23 Then the king was delighted and gave an order to haul Daniel up from the den. So Daniel was hauled up out of the den. He had no injury of any kind, because he had trusted in his God. 6:24 The king gave another order, 40 and those men who had maliciously accused 41 Daniel were brought and thrown 42 into the lions’ den – they, their children, and their wives. 43 They did not even reach the bottom of the den before the lions overpowered them and crushed all their bones.
6:25 Then King Darius wrote to all the peoples, nations, and language groups who were living in all the land: “Peace and prosperity! 44 6:26 I have issued an edict that throughout all the dominion of my kingdom people are to revere and fear the God of Daniel.
“For he is the living God;
he endures forever.
His kingdom will not be destroyed;
his authority is forever. 45
6:27 He rescues and delivers
and performs signs and wonders
in the heavens and on the earth.
He has rescued Daniel from the power 46 of the lions!”
6:28 So this Daniel prospered during the reign of Darius and 47 the reign of Cyrus the Persian.
[6:2] 1 tn Aram “giving an account.”
[6:4] 2 tn Aram “looking to find.”
[6:4] 3 tn Aram “from the side of the kingdom.”
[6:4] 4 tn Aram “pretext and corruption.”
[6:4] 5 tn Aram “no negligence or corruption was found in him.” The Greek version of Theodotion lacks the phrase “and no negligence or corruption was found in him.”
[6:5] 6 tn Aram “were saying.”
[6:5] 7 tn Aram “unless we find [it] against him.”
[6:6] 8 tn The Aramaic verb רְגַשׁ (rÿgash) occurs three times in this chapter (vv. 7, 12, 16). Its meaning is widely disputed by commentators, and the versions vary considerably in how they render the word. The suggestion that it means “to come thronging” (BDB 1112 s.v.; cf. NAB) seems inappropriate, since it is unlikely that subordinates would enter a royal court in such a reckless fashion. The ancient versions struggled with the word and are not in agreement in their understanding of its meaning. In this chapter the word apparently means to act in agreement with other parties in the pursuit of a duplicitous goal, namely the entrapment of Daniel. Cf. NIV, NCV “went as a group”; NRSV “conspired and came to the king.”
[6:6] 9 tn Aram “thus they were saying.”
[6:7] 10 tn Aram “prays a prayer.”
[6:8] 11 tn Aram “establish a written interdict and inscribe a written decree.”
[6:10] 14 sn In later rabbinic thought this verse was sometimes cited as a proof text for the notion that one should pray only in a house with windows. See b. Berakhot 34b.
[6:10] 15 map For the location of Jerusalem see Map5 B1; Map6 F3; Map7 E2; Map8 F2; Map10 B3; JP1 F4; JP2 F4; JP3 F4; JP4 F4.
[6:10] 16 sn This is apparently the only specific mention in the OT of prayer being regularly offered three times a day. The practice was probably not unique to Daniel, however.
[6:10] 17 tc Read with several medieval Hebrew
[6:10] 18 tn Aram “kneeling on his knees” (so NASB).
[6:11] 19 tn Aram “those men”; the referent (the administrative officials who had earlier approached the king about the edict) has been specified in the translation for clarity.
[6:12] 20 tc The MT also has “about the edict of the king,” but this phrase is absent in the LXX and the Syriac. The present translation deletes the expression.
[6:12] 21 tn Aram “the word is true.”
[6:13] 22 tn Aram “from the sons of the captivity [of].”
[6:13] 23 tn Aram “prays his prayer.”
[6:14] 25 tn Aram “placed his mind on.”
[6:14] 26 tn Aram “the entrances of the sun.”
[6:15] 27 tc Theodotion lacks the words “came by collusion to the king and.”
[6:15] 29 tn Aram “know”; NAB “Keep in mind”; NASB “Recognize”; NIV, NCV “Remember.”
[6:16] 30 tn Aram “said.” So also in vv. 24, 25.
[6:16] 31 sn The den was perhaps a pit below ground level which could be safely observed from above.
[6:16] 32 tn Aram “answered and said [to Daniel].”
[6:17] 34 sn The purpose of the den being sealed was to prevent unauthorized tampering with the opening of the den. Any disturbance of the seal would immediately alert the officials to improper activity of this sort.
[6:17] 35 tn Aram “the signet rings.”
[6:18] 36 tn The meaning of Aramaic דַּחֲוָה (dakhavah) is a crux interpretum. Suggestions include “music,” “dancing girls,” “concubines,” “table,” “food” – all of which are uncertain. The translation employed here, suggested by earlier scholars, is deliberately vague. A number of recent English versions follow a similar approach with “entertainment” (e.g., NASB, NIV, NCV, TEV, CEV, NLT). On this word see further, HALOT 1849-50 s.v.; E. Vogt, Lexicon linguae aramaicae, 37.
[6:18] 37 tn Aram “his sleep fled from him.”
[6:20] 38 tn Aram “The king answered and said to Daniel.” This phrase has not been included in the translation for stylistic reasons; it is redundant in English.
[6:24] 41 tn Aram “had eaten the pieces of.” The Aramaic expression is ironic, in that the accusers who had figuratively “eaten the pieces of Daniel” are themselves literally devoured by the lions.
[6:24] 42 tn The Aramaic active impersonal verb is often used as a substitute for the passive.
[6:24] 43 tc The LXX specifies only the two overseers, together with their families, as those who were cast into the lions’ den.
[6:25] 44 tn Aram “May your peace be increased!”
[6:26] 45 tn Aram “until the end.”
[6:28] 47 tn Or perhaps “in the reign of Darius, even in the reign of Cyrus.” The identity of this Darius is disputed. Some take the name to be referring to Cyrus, understanding the following vav (ו, “and”) in an epexegetical sense (“even”). Others identify Darius with a governor of Babylon known from extra-biblical records as Gubaru, or with Cambyses, son of Cyrus. Many scholars maintain that the reference is historically inaccurate.
