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Deuteronomy 17:8-12

Context
Appeal to a Higher Court

17:8 If a matter is too difficult for you to judge – bloodshed, 1  legal claim, 2  or assault 3  – matters of controversy in your villages 4  – you must leave there and go up to the place the Lord your God chooses. 5  17:9 You will go to the Levitical priests and the judge in office in those days and seek a solution; they will render a verdict. 17:10 You must then do as they have determined at that place the Lord chooses. Be careful to do just as you are taught. 17:11 You must do what you are instructed, and the verdict they pronounce to you, without fail. Do not deviate right or left from what they tell you. 17:12 The person who pays no attention 6  to the priest currently serving the Lord your God there, or to the verdict – that person must die, so that you may purge evil from Israel.

Deuteronomy 25:1-3

Context

25:1 If controversy arises between people, 7  they should go to court for judgment. When the judges 8  hear the case, they shall exonerate 9  the innocent but condemn 10  the guilty. 25:2 Then, 11  if the guilty person is sentenced to a beating, 12  the judge shall force him to lie down and be beaten in his presence with the number of blows his wicked behavior deserves. 13  25:3 The judge 14  may sentence him to forty blows, 15  but no more. If he is struck with more than these, you might view your fellow Israelite 16  with contempt.

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[17:8]  1 tn Heb “between blood and blood.”

[17:8]  2 tn Heb “between claim and claim.”

[17:8]  3 tn Heb “between blow and blow.”

[17:8]  4 tn Heb “gates.”

[17:8]  5 tc Several Greek recensions add “to place his name there,” thus completing the usual formula to describe the central sanctuary (cf. Deut 12:5, 11, 14, 18; 16:6). However, the context suggests that the local Levitical towns, and not the central sanctuary, are in mind.

[17:12]  6 tn Heb “who acts presumptuously not to listen” (cf. NASB).

[25:1]  7 tn Heb “men.”

[25:1]  8 tn Heb “they”; the referent (the judges) has been specified in the translation for clarity.

[25:1]  9 tn Heb “declare to be just”; KJV, NASB “justify the righteous”; NAB, NIV “acquitting the innocent.”

[25:1]  10 tn Heb “declare to be evil”; NIV “condemning the guilty (+ party NAB).”

[25:2]  11 tn Heb “and it will be.”

[25:2]  12 tn Heb “if the evil one is a son of smiting.”

[25:2]  13 tn Heb “according to his wickedness, by number.”

[25:3]  14 tn Heb “he”; the referent (the judge) has been specified in the translation for clarity.

[25:3]  15 tn Heb “Forty blows he may strike him”; however, since the judge is to witness the punishment (v. 2) it is unlikely the judge himself administered it.

[25:3]  16 tn Heb “your brothers” but not limited only to an actual sibling; cf. NAB) “your kinsman”; NRSV, NLT “your neighbor.”



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