

[1:38] 1 tn Heb “the one who stands before you”; NAB “your aide”; TEV “your helper.”
[1:38] 2 tn Heb “it”; the referent (the land) has been specified in the translation for clarity.
[12:23] 3 sn The blood is life itself. This is a figure of speech (metonymy) in which the cause or means (the blood) stands for the result or effect (life). That is, life depends upon the existence and circulation of blood, a truth known empirically but not scientifically tested and proved until the 17th century