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Ecclesiastes 8:16

Context
Limitations of Human Wisdom

8:16 When I tried 1  to gain 2  wisdom

and to observe the activity 3  on earth –

even though it prevents anyone from sleeping day or night 4 

Ecclesiastes 9:1

Context
Everyone Will Die

9:1 So I reflected on all this, 5  attempting to clear 6  it all up.

I concluded that 7  the righteous and the wise, as well as their works, are in the hand of God;

whether a person will be loved or hated 8 

no one knows what lies ahead. 9 

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[8:16]  1 tn Heb “I applied my heart.”

[8:16]  2 tn Heb “to know.”

[8:16]  3 tn Heb “and to see the business which is done.”

[8:16]  4 tn Heb “for no one sees sleep with their eyes either day or night.” The construction גַםכִּי (kigam) expresses a concessive sense: “even though” (e.g., Ps 23:4; Prov 22:6; Eccl 4:14; Isa 1:15; Lam 3:8; Hos 8:10; 9:16); cf. HALOT 196 s.v. גַּם 9; BDB 169 s.v. גַּם 6; 473 s.v. כִּי 2.c.

[9:1]  5 tn Heb “I laid all this to my heart.”

[9:1]  6 tn The term וְלָבוּר (velavur, conjunction + Qal infinitive construct from בּוּר, bur, “to make clear”) denotes “to examine; to make clear; to clear up; to explain” (HALOT 116 s.v. בור; BDB 101 s.v. בּוּר). The term is related to Arabic baraw “to examine” (G. R. Driver, “Supposed Arabisms in the Old Testament,” JBL 55 [1936]: 108). This verb is related to the Hebrew noun בֹּר (bor, “cleanness”) and adjective בַּר (bar, “clean”). The term is used in the OT only in Ecclesiastes (1:13; 2:3; 7:25; 9:1). This use of the infinitive has a connotative sense (“attempting to”), and functions in a complementary sense, relative to the main verb.

[9:1]  7 tn The words “I concluded that” do not appear in the Hebrew text, but are supplied in the translation for clarity.

[9:1]  8 tn Heb “whether love or hatred.”

[9:1]  9 tn Heb “man does not know anything before them.”



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