Ephesians 1:23

1:23 Now the church is ¹  his body, the fullness of him who fills all in all. ² 

Ephesians 2:16

2:16 and to reconcile them both in one body to God through the cross, by which the hostility has been killed. ³ 

Ephesians 3:2

3:2 if indeed ⁴  you have heard of the stewardship ⁵  of God’s grace that was given to me for you,

Ephesians 4:7

4:7 But to each one of us grace was given according to the measure of the gift of Christ.

Ephesians 4:10-11

4:10 He, the very one ⁶  who descended, is also the one who ascended above all the heavens, in order to fill all things. 4:11 It was he ⁷  who gave some as apostles, some as prophets, some as evangelists, and some as pastors and teachers, ⁸ 

Ephesians 5:23-24

5:23 because the husband is the head of the wife as also Christ is the head of the church – he himself being the savior of the body. 5:24 But as the church submits to Christ, so also wives should submit to their husbands in everything.

Ephesians 6:17

6:17 And take the helmet of salvation ⁹  and the sword ¹⁰  of the Spirit, which is the word of God.

[1:23]  ¹ tn Grk “which is.” The antecedent of “which” is easily lost in English, though in Greek it is quite clear. In the translation “church” is repeated to clarify the referent.

[1:23]  ² tn Or perhaps, “who is filled entirely.”

[2:16]  ³ tn Grk “by killing the hostility in himself.”

[3:2]  ⁵ sn If indeed. The author is not doubting whether his audience has heard, but is rather using provocative language (if indeed) to engage his audience in thinking about the magnificence of God’s grace. However, in English translation, the apodosis (“then”-clause) does not come until v. 13, leaving the protasis (“if”-clause) dangling. Eph 3:2-7 constitute one sentence in Greek.

[3:2]  ⁶ tn Or “administration,” “dispensation,” “commission.”

[4:10]  ⁷ tn The Greek text lays specific emphasis on “He” through the use of the intensive pronoun, αὐτός (autos). This is reflected in the English translation through the use of “the very one.”

[4:11]  ⁹ tn The emphasis on Christ is continued through the use of the intensive pronoun, αὐτός (autos), and is rendered in English as “it was he” as this seems to lay emphasis on the “he.”

[4:11]  ¹⁰ sn Some interpreters have understood the phrase pastors and teachers to refer to one and the same group. This would mean that all pastors are teachers and that all teachers are pastors. This position is often taken because it is recognized that both nouns (i.e., pastors and teachers) are governed by one article in Greek. But because the nouns are plural, it is extremely unlikely that they refer to the same group, but only that the author is linking them closely together. It is better to regard the pastors as a subset of teachers. In other words, all pastors are teachers, but not all teachers are pastors. See ExSyn 284.

[6:17]  ¹¹ sn An allusion to Isa 59:17.

[6:17]  ¹² sn The Greek term translated sword (μάχαιρα, macaira) refers to the Roman gladius, a short sword about 2 ft (60 cm) long, used for close hand-to-hand combat. This is the only clearly offensive weapon in the list of armor mentioned by the author (he does not, for example, mention the lance [Latin pilum]).