Exodus 19:18

19:18 Now Mount Sinai was completely covered with smoke because the Lord had descended on it in fire, and its smoke went up like the smoke of a great furnace, ¹  and the whole mountain shook ²  violently.

Psalms 114:6-7

114:6 Why do you skip like rams, O mountains,

like lambs, O hills?

114:7 Tremble, O earth, before the Lord –

before the God of Jacob,

Habakkuk 3:10

3:10 When the mountains see you, they shake.

The torrential downpour sweeps through. ³ 

The great deep ⁴  shouts out;

it lifts its hands high. ⁵ 

[19:18]  ¹ sn The image is that of a large kiln, as in Gen 19:28.

[19:18]  ² tn This is the same word translated “trembled” above (v. 16).

[3:10]  ³ tn Heb “a heavy rain of waters passes by.” Perhaps the flash floods produced by the downpour are in view here.

[3:10]  ⁴ sn The great deep, which is to be equated with the sea (vv. 8, 15), is a symbol of chaos and represents the Lord’s enemies.

[3:10]  ⁵ sn Lifting the hands here suggests panic and is accompanied by a cry for mercy (see Ps 28:2; Lam 2:19). The forces of chaos cannot withstand the Lord’s power revealed in the storm.