Exodus 29:14

29:14 But the meat of the bull, its skin, and its dung you are to burn up ¹  outside the camp. ²  It is the purification offering. ³ 

Leviticus 4:5-7

4:5 Then that high priest must take some of the blood ⁴  of the bull and bring it to the Meeting Tent. 4:6 The priest must dip his finger in the blood and sprinkle ⁵  some of it ⁶  seven times before the Lord toward ⁷  the front of the veil-canopy ⁸  of the sanctuary. 4:7 The priest must put some of the blood on the horns of the altar of fragrant incense that is before the Lord in the Meeting Tent, and all the rest of the bull’s blood he must pour out at the base of the altar of burnt offering that is at the entrance of the Meeting Tent.

Leviticus 4:11-12

4:11 But the hide of the bull, all its flesh along with its head and its legs, its entrails, and its dung – 4:12 all the rest of the bull ⁹  – he must bring outside the camp ¹⁰  to a ceremonially clean place, ¹¹  to the fatty ash pile, ¹²  and he must burn ¹³  it on a wood fire; it must be burned on the fatty ash pile.

Leviticus 4:16-21

4:16 Then the high priest ¹⁴  must bring some of the blood of the bull to the Meeting Tent, 4:17 and that priest must dip his finger in the blood ¹⁵  and sprinkle ¹⁶  some of the blood seven times ¹⁷  before the Lord toward ¹⁸  the front of the veil-canopy. ¹⁹  4:18 He must put some of the blood on the horns of the altar ²⁰  which is before the Lord in the Meeting Tent, and all the rest of the blood he must pour out at the base of the altar of burnt offering that is at the entrance of the Meeting Tent.

4:19 “‘Then the priest ²¹  must take all its fat ²²  and offer the fat ²³  up in smoke on the altar. 4:20 He must do with the rest of the bull just as he did with the bull of the sin offering; this is what he must do with it. ²⁴  So the priest will make atonement ²⁵  on their behalf and they will be forgiven. ²⁶  4:21 He ²⁷  must bring the rest of the bull outside the camp ²⁸  and burn it just as he burned the first bull – it is the sin offering of the assembly.

Leviticus 6:30

6:30 But any sin offering from which some of its blood is brought into the Meeting Tent to make atonement in the sanctuary must not be eaten. It must be burned up in the fire. ²⁹ 

Leviticus 9:9

9:9 Then Aaron’s sons presented the blood to him and he dipped his finger in the blood and put it on the horns of the altar, and the rest of the blood he poured out at the base of the altar.

Leviticus 9:11

9:11 but the flesh and the hide he completely burned up ³⁰  outside the camp. ³¹ 

Leviticus 16:14-19

16:14 Then he is to take some of the blood of the bull and sprinkle it with his finger on the eastern face of the atonement plate, ³²  and in front of the atonement plate he is to sprinkle some of the blood seven times with his finger. ³³ 

16:15 “He must then slaughter the sin offering goat which is for the people. He is to bring its blood inside the veil-canopy, ³⁴  and he is to do with its blood just as he did to the blood of the bull: He is to sprinkle it on the atonement plate and in front of the atonement plate. 16:16 So ³⁵  he is to make atonement for the holy place from the impurities of the Israelites and from their transgressions with regard to all their sins, ³⁶  and thus he is to do for the Meeting Tent which resides with them in the midst of their impurities. 16:17 Nobody is to be in the Meeting Tent ³⁷  when he enters to make atonement in the holy place until he goes out, and he has made atonement on his behalf, on behalf of his household, and on behalf of the whole assembly of Israel.

16:18 “Then ³⁸  he is to go out to the altar which is before the Lord and make atonement for it. He is to take ³⁹  some of the blood of the bull and some of the blood of the goat, and put it all around on the horns of the altar. 16:19 Then he is to sprinkle on it some of the blood with his finger seven times, and cleanse and consecrate it ⁴⁰  from the impurities of the Israelites.

Leviticus 16:27

16:27 The bull of the sin offering and the goat of the sin offering, whose blood was brought to make atonement in the holy place, must be brought outside the camp ⁴¹  and their hide, their flesh, and their dung must be burned up, ⁴² 

Numbers 19:3

19:3 You must give it to Eleazar the priest so that he can take it outside the camp, and it must be slaughtered before him. ⁴³ 

[29:14]  ¹ tn Heb “burn with fire.”

[29:14]  ² sn This is to be done because there is no priesthood yet. Once they are installed, then the sin/purification offering is to be eaten by the officiating priests as a sign that the offering was received. But priests could not consume their own sin offering.

[29:14]  ³ sn There were two kinds of “purification offering,” those made with confession for sin and those made without. The title needs to cover both of them, and if it is called in the traditional way “the sin offering,” that will convey that when people offered it for skin diseases, menstruation, or having babies, they had sinned. That was not the case. Moreover, it is usual to translate the names of the sacrifices by what they do more than what they cover – so peace offering, reparation offering, and purification offering.

[4:5]  ⁴ tn Heb “from the blood of the bull” (and similarly throughout this chapter).

[4:6]  ⁵ tn The Hebrew verb וְהִזָּה (vÿhizzah, Hiphil of נָזָה, nazah) does indeed mean “sprinkle” or “splatter.” Contrast the different Hebrew verb meaning “splash” in Lev 1:5 (זָרָק, zaraq).

[4:6]  ⁶ tn Heb “of the blood.” The relative pronoun (“it”) has been used in the translation here for stylistic reasons.

[4:6]  ⁷ tn The particle here translated “toward” usually serves as a direct object indicator or a preposition meaning “with.” With the verb of motion it probably means “toward,” “in the direction of” (J. Milgrom, Leviticus [AB], 1:234; J. E. Hartley, Leviticus [WBC], 60); cf. NAB, CEV.

[4:6]  ⁸ tn The Hebrew term פָּרֹכֶת (parokhet) is usually translated “veil” (e.g., ASV, NAB, NASB) or “curtain” (e.g., NIV, NRSV), but it seems to have stretched not only in front of but also over the top of the ark of the covenant which stood behind and under it inside the most holy place (see R. E. Averbeck, NIDOTTE 3:687-89).

[4:12]  ⁹ tn All of v. 11 is a so-called casus pendens (also known as an extraposition or a nominative absolute), which means that it anticipates the next verse, being the full description of “all (the rest of) the bull” (lit. “all the bull”) at the beginning of v. 12 (actually after the first verb of the verse; see the next note below).

[4:12]  ¹⁰ tn Heb “And he (the offerer) shall bring out all the bull to from outside to the camp to a clean place.”

[4:12]  ¹¹ tn Heb “a clean place,” but referring to a place that is ceremonially clean. This has been specified in the translation for clarity.

[4:12]  ¹² tn Heb “the pouring out [place] of fatty ash.”

[4:12]  ¹³ tn Heb “burn with fire.” This expression is somewhat redundant in English, so the translation collocates “fire” with “wood,” thus “a wood fire.”

[4:16]  ¹⁴ tn Heb “the anointed priest” (so ASV, NAB, NASB, NIV, NRSV). This refers to the high priest (cf. TEV).

[4:17]  ¹⁵ tn The words “in the blood” are not repeated in the Hebrew text at this point, but must be supplied in the English translation for clarity.

[4:17]  ¹⁶ tn The Hebrew verb וְהִזָּה (vÿhizzah, Hiphil of נָזָה, nazah) does indeed mean “sprinkle” or “splatter.” Contrast the different Hebrew verb translated “splash” in Lev 1:5 (זָרָק, zaraq).

[4:17]  ¹⁷ tc The MT reads literally, “and the priest shall dip his finger from the blood and sprinkle seven times.” This is awkward. Compare v. 6, which has literally, “and the priest shall dip his finger in the blood and sprinkle from the blood seven times.” The MT appears to be corrupt by haplography (i.e., assuming v. 6 to be the correct form, in v. 17 the scribe skipped from “his finger” to “from the blood,” thus missing “in the blood”) and metathesis (i.e., this also resulted in a text where “from the blood” stands before “sprinkle” rather than after it; J. E. Hartley, Leviticus [WBC], 47).

[4:17]  ¹⁸ tn See the note on v. 6 above.

[4:17]  ¹⁹ tn See the note on v. 6 above.

[4:18]  ²⁰ sn See v. 7, where this altar is identified as the altar of fragrant incense.

[4:19]  ²¹ tn Heb “Then he”; the referent has been specified in the translation for clarity. Based on the parallel statement in 4:10 and 4:31, it is the priest who performs this action rather than the person who brought the offering.

[4:19]  ²² tn Heb “take up all its fat from it”; NASB “shall remove all its fat from it.”

[4:19]  ²³ tn Heb “it”; the referent (the fat) has been specified in the translation for clarity. Only the fat is meant here, since the “rest” of the bull is mentioned in v. 21.

[4:20]  ²⁴ sn Cf. Lev 4:11-12 above for the disposition of “the [rest of] the bull.”

[4:20]  ²⁵ sn The focus of sin offering “atonement” was purging impurities from the tabernacle (see the note on Lev 1:4).

[4:20]  ²⁶ tn Heb “there shall be forgiveness to them” or “it shall be forgiven to them.”

[4:21]  ²⁷ sn See the note on the word “slaughter” in v. 15.

[4:21]  ²⁸ tn Heb “And he shall bring out the bull to from outside to the camp.”

[6:30]  ²⁹ tn Heb “burned with fire,” an expression which is sometimes redundant in English, but here means “burned up,” “burned up entirely.”

[9:11]  ³⁰ tn Heb “he burned with fire,” an expression which is sometimes redundant in English, but here means “burned up,” “burned up entirely.”

[9:11]  ³¹ sn See Lev 4:5-12 and the notes there regarding the sin offering for priest(s). The distinction here is that the blood of the sin offering for the priests was applied to the horns of the burnt offering altar in the court of the tabernacle, not the incense altar inside the tabernacle tent itself. See the notes on Lev 8:14-15.

[16:14]  ³² tn Heb “on the faces of the atonement plate toward the east.” Some have taken this to mean that the ark was stationed just behind the veil-canopy on the eastern side of the most holy place. Thus, the high priest would need to enter and walk toward the west end of the most holy place and then turn eastward in order to face the ark and sprinkle the blood in an eastward direction. The rendering here, however, requires that the ark was stationed on the western end, or perhaps in the middle of the area, so that as the priest entered he was already facing the ark and would sprinkle the blood on the eastern face of the atonement plate, in a westward direction (see, e.g., J. E. Hartley, Leviticus [WBC], 239 versus J. Milgrom, Leviticus [AB], 1:1032).

[16:14]  ³³ sn Presumably in this case the blood was sprinkled seven times on the ground in front of the ark on which the atonement plate was mounted.

[16:15]  ³⁴ tn Heb “and he shall bring its blood into from house to the veil-canopy.”

[16:16]  ³⁵ tn Heb “And.” The Hebrew conjunction ו (vav, “and”) can be considered to have resultative or even inferential force here.

[16:16]  ³⁶ tn Heb “to all their sins.”

[16:17]  ³⁷ tn Heb “And all man shall not be in the tent of meeting.” The term for “a man, human being” (אָדָם, ’adam; see the note on Lev 1:2) refers to any person among “mankind,” male or female.

[16:18]  ³⁸ tn Heb “And.” The Hebrew conjunction ו (vav, “and”) indicates the sequence of events here.

[16:18]  ³⁹ tn Heb “And he shall take.”

[16:19]  ⁴⁰ tn Heb “and he shall purify it and he shall consecrate it.”

[16:27]  ⁴¹ tn Heb “he shall bring into from outside to the camp.”

[16:27]  ⁴² tn Heb “they shall burn with fire”; KJV “burn in the fire.” Because “to burn with fire” is redundant in contemporary English the present translation simply has “must be burned up.”

[19:3]  ⁴³ tc The clause is a little ambiguous. It reads “and he shall slaughter it before him.” It sounds as if someone else will kill the heifer in the priest’s presence. Since no one is named as the subject, it may be translated as a passive. Some commentators simply interpret that Eleazar was to kill the animal personally, but that is a little forced for “before him.” The Greek text gives a third person plural sense to the verb; the Vulgate follows that reading.