Exodus 1:12

1:12 But the more the Egyptians ¹  oppressed them, the more they multiplied and spread. ²  As a result the Egyptians loathed ³  the Israelites,

Exodus 2:2

2:2 The woman became pregnant ⁴  and gave birth to a son. When ⁵  she saw that ⁶  he was a healthy ⁷  child, she hid him for three months.

Exodus 12:44

12:44 But everyone’s servant who is bought for money, after you have circumcised him, may eat it.

Exodus 16:21

16:21 So they gathered it each morning, ⁸  each person according to what he could eat, and when the sun got hot, it would melt. ⁹ 

Exodus 25:11

25:11 You are to overlay ¹⁰  it with pure gold – both inside and outside you must overlay it, ¹¹  and you are to make a surrounding border ¹²  of gold over it.

Exodus 25:24

25:24 You are to overlay it with ¹³  pure gold, and you are to make a surrounding border of gold for it.

Exodus 27:2

27:2 You are to make its four horns ¹⁴  on its four corners; its horns will be part of it, ¹⁵  and you are to overlay it with bronze.

Exodus 27:7-8

27:7 The poles are to be put ¹⁶  into the rings so that the poles will be on two sides of the altar when carrying it. ¹⁷  27:8 You are to make the altar hollow, out of boards. Just as it was shown you ¹⁸  on the mountain, so they must make it. ¹⁹ 

Exodus 29:7

29:7 You are to take the anointing oil and pour it on his head and anoint him. ²⁰ 

Exodus 31:3

31:3 and I have filled him with the Spirit of God ²¹  in skill, ²²  in understanding, in knowledge, and in all kinds ²³  of craftsmanship,

Exodus 35:31

35:31 He has filled him with the Spirit of God – with skill, with understanding, with knowledge, and in all kinds of work,

Exodus 37:11

37:11 He overlaid it with pure gold, and he made a surrounding border of gold for it.

Exodus 38:2

38:2 He made its horns on its four corners; its horns were part of it, ²⁴  and he overlaid it with bronze.

Exodus 40:16

40:16 This is what Moses did, according to all the Lord had commanded him – so he did.

[1:12]  ¹ tn Heb “they”; the referent (the Egyptians) has been specified in the translation for clarity.

[1:12]  ² tn The imperfect tenses in this verse are customary uses, expressing continual action in past time (see GKC 315 §107.e). For other examples of כַּאֲשֶׁר (ka’asher) with כֵּן (ken) expressing a comparison (“just as…so”) see Gen 41:13; Judg 1:7; Isa 31:4.

[1:12]  ³ tn Heb “they felt a loathing before/because of”; the referent (the Egyptians) has been specified in the translation for clarity.

[2:2]  ⁴ tn Or “conceived” (KJV, ASV, NAB, NASB, NRSV).

[2:2]  ⁵ tn A preterite form with the vav consecutive can be subordinated to a following clause. What she saw stands as a reason for what she did: “when she saw…she hid him three months.”

[2:2]  ⁶ tn After verbs of perceiving or seeing there are frequently two objects, the formal accusative (“she saw him”) and then a noun clause that explains what it was about the child that she perceived (“that he was healthy”). See GKC 365 §117.h.

[2:2]  ⁷ tn Or “fine” (טוֹב, tov). The construction is parallel to phrases in the creation narrative (“and God saw that it was good,” Gen 1:4, 10, 12, 17, 21, 25, 31). B. Jacob says, “She looked upon her child with a joy similar to that of God upon His creation (Gen 1.4ff.)” (Exodus, 25).

[16:21]  ⁷ tn Heb “morning by morning.” This is an example of the repetition of words to express the distributive sense; here the meaning is “every morning” (see GKC 388 §121.c).

[16:21]  ⁸ tn The perfect tenses here with vav (ו) consecutives have the frequentative sense; they function in a protasis-apodosis relationship (GKC 494 §159.g).

[25:11]  ¹⁰ tn The verbs throughout here are perfect tenses with the vav (ו) consecutives. They are equal to the imperfect tense of instruction and/or injunction.

[25:11]  ¹¹ tn Here the verb is an imperfect tense; for the perfect sequence to work the verb would have to be at the front of the clause.

[25:11]  ¹² tn The word זֵר (zer) is used only in Exodus and seems to describe something on the order of a crown molding, an ornamental border running at the top of the chest on all four sides. There is no indication of its appearance or function.

[25:24]  ¹³ tn “Gold” is an adverbial accusative of material.

[27:2]  ¹⁶ sn The horns of the altar were indispensable – they were the most sacred part. Blood was put on them; fugitives could cling to them, and the priests would grab the horns of the little altar when making intercessory prayer. They signified power, as horns on an animal did in the wild (and so the word was used for kings as well). The horns may also represent the sacrificial animals killed on the altar.

[27:2]  ¹⁷ sn The text, as before, uses the prepositional phrase “from it” or “part of it” to say that the horns will be part of the altar – of the same piece as the altar. They were not to be made separately and then attached, but made at the end of the boards used to build the altar (U. Cassuto, Exodus, 363).

[27:7]  ¹⁹ tn The verb is a Hophal perfect with vav consecutive: וְהוּבָא (vÿhuva’, “and it will be brought”). The particle אֶת (’et) here introduces the subject of the passive verb (see a similar use in 21:28, “and its flesh will not be eaten”).

[27:7]  ²⁰ tn The construction is the infinitive construct with bet (ב) preposition: “in carrying it.” Here the meaning must be that the poles are not left in the rings, but only put into the rings when they carried it.

[27:8]  ²² tn The verb is used impersonally; it reads “just as he showed you.” This form then can be made a passive in the translation.

[27:8]  ²³ tn Heb “thus they will make.” Here too it could be given a passive translation since the subject is not expressed. But “they” would normally refer to the people who will be making this and so can be retained in the translation.

[29:7]  ²⁵ sn The act of anointing was meant to set him apart for this holy service within the house of Yahweh. The psalms indicate that no oil was spared in this ritual, for it ran down his beard and to the hem of his garment. Oil of anointing was used for all major offices (giving the label with the passive adjective “mashiah” (or “messiah”) to anyone anointed. In the further revelation of Scripture, the oil came to signify the enablement as well as the setting apart, and often the Holy Spirit came on the person at the anointing with oil. The olive oil was a symbol of the Spirit in the OT as well (Zech 4:4-6). And in the NT “anointing” signifies empowerment by the Holy Spirit for service.

[31:3]  ²⁸ sn The expression in the Bible means that the individual was given special, supernatural enablement to do what God wanted done. It usually is said of someone with exceptional power or ability. The image of “filling” usually means under the control of the Spirit, so that the Spirit is the dominant force in the life.

[31:3]  ²⁹ sn The following qualities are the ways in which the Spirit’s enablement will be displayed. “Skill” is the ability to produce something valuable to God and the community, “understanding” is the ability to distinguish between things, to perceive the best way to follow, and “knowledge” is the experiential awareness of how things are done.

[31:3]  ³⁰ tn Heb “and in all work”; “all” means “all kinds of” here.

[38:2]  ³¹ tn Heb “its horns were from it,” meaning from the same piece.