Exodus 10:15

10:15 They covered ¹  the surface ²  of all the ground, so that the ground became dark with them, ³  and they ate all the vegetation of the ground and all the fruit of the trees that the hail had left. Nothing green remained on the trees or on anything that grew in the fields throughout the whole land of Egypt.

Exodus 12:47

12:47 The whole community of Israel must observe it.

Exodus 20:9

20:9 For six days ⁴  you may labor ⁵  and do all your work, ⁶ 

Exodus 22:22

22:22 “You must not afflict ⁷  any widow or orphan.

Exodus 24:3

24:3 Moses came ⁸  and told the people all the Lord’s words ⁹  and all the decisions. All the people answered together, ¹⁰  “We are willing to do ¹¹  all the words that the Lord has said,”

Exodus 38:16

38:16 All the hangings around the courtyard were of fine twisted linen.

[10:15]  ¹ tn Heb “and they covered.”

[10:15]  ² tn Heb “eye,” an unusual expression (see v. 5; Num 22:5, 11).

[10:15]  ³ tn The verb is וַתֶּחְשַׁךְ (vattekhshakh, “and it became dark”). The idea is that the ground had the color of the swarms of locusts that covered it.

[20:9]  ⁴ tn The text has simply “six days,” but this is an adverbial accusative of time, answering how long they were to work (GKC 374 §118.k).

[20:9]  ⁵ tn The imperfect tense has traditionally been rendered as a commandment, “you will labor.” But the point of this commandment is the prohibition of work on the seventh day. The permission nuance of the imperfect works well here.

[20:9]  ⁶ tn This is the occupation, or business of the work week.

[22:22]  ⁷ tn The verb “afflict” is a Piel imperfect from עָנָה (’anah); it has a wide range of meanings: “afflict, oppress, humiliate, rape.” These victims are at the mercy of the judges, businessmen, or villains. The righteous king and the righteous people will not mistreat them (see Isa 1:17; Job 31:16, 17, 21).

[24:3]  ¹⁰ sn The general consensus among commentators is that this refers to Moses’ coming from the mountain after he made the ascent in 20:21. Here he came and told them the laws (written in 20:22-23:33), and of the call to come up to Yahweh.

[24:3]  ¹¹ sn The Decalogue may not be included here because the people had heard those commands themselves earlier.

[24:3]  ¹² tn The text simply has “one voice” (קוֹל אֶחָד, qol ’ekhad); this is an adverbial accusative of manner, telling how the people answered – “in one voice,” or unanimously (see GKC 375 §118.q).

[24:3]  ¹³ tn The verb is the imperfect tense (נַעֲשֶׂה, na’aseh), although the form could be classified as a cohortative. If the latter, they would be saying that they are resolved to do what God said. If it is an imperfect, then the desiderative would make the most sense: “we are willing to do.” They are not presumptuously saying they are going to do all these things.