Exodus 12:49

12:49 The same law will apply ¹  to the person who is native-born and to the foreigner who lives among you.”

Exodus 12:19

12:19 For seven days ²  yeast must not be found in your houses, for whoever eats what is made with yeast – that person ³  will be cut off from the community of Israel, whether a foreigner ⁴  or one born in the land.

Exodus 12:48

12:48 “When a foreigner lives ⁵  with you and wants to observe the Passover to the Lord, all his males must be circumcised, ⁶  and then he may approach and observe it, and he will be like one who is born in the land ⁷  – but no uncircumcised person may eat of it.

[12:49]  ¹ tn Heb “one law will be to.”

[12:19]  ² tn “Seven days” is an adverbial accusative of time (see R. J. Williams, Hebrew Syntax, 12, §56).

[12:19]  ³ tn The term is נֶפֶשׁ (nefesh), often translated “soul.” It refers to the whole person, the soul within the body. The noun is feminine, agreeing with the feminine verb “be cut off.”

[12:19]  ⁴ tn Or “alien”; or “stranger.”

[12:48]  ³ tn Both the participle “foreigner” and the verb “lives” are from the verb גּוּר (gur), which means “to sojourn, to dwell as an alien.” This reference is to a foreigner who settles in the land. He is the protected foreigner; when he comes to another area where he does not have his clan to protect him, he must come under the protection of the Law, or the people. If the “resident alien” is circumcised, he may participate in the Passover (S. R. Driver, Exodus, 104).

[12:48]  ⁴ tn The infinitive absolute functions as the finite verb here, and “every male” could be either the object or the subject (see GKC 347 §113.gg and 387 §121.a).

[12:48]  ⁵ tn אֶזְרָח (’ezrakh) refers to the native-born individual, the native Israelite as opposed to the “stranger, alien” (S. R. Driver, Exodus, 104); see also W. F. Albright, Archaeology and the Religion of Israel, 127, 210.