Exodus 15:10

15:10 But ¹  you blew with your breath, and ²  the sea covered them.

They sank ³  like lead in the mighty waters.

Exodus 29:4

29:4 “You are to present ⁴  Aaron and his sons at the entrance of the tent of meeting. You are to wash ⁵  them with water

Exodus 40:12

40:12 “You are to bring ⁶  Aaron and his sons to the entrance of the tent of meeting and wash them with water.

Exodus 12:9

12:9 Do not eat it raw ⁷  or boiled in water, but roast it over the fire with its head, its legs, and its entrails.

Exodus 20:4

20:4 “You shall not make for yourself a carved image ⁸  or any likeness ⁹  of anything ¹⁰  that is in heaven above or that is on the earth beneath or that is in the water below. ¹¹ 

[15:10]  ¹ tn “But” has been supplied here.

[15:10]  ² tn Here “and” has been supplied.

[15:10]  ³ tn The verb may have the idea of sinking with a gurgling sound, like water going into a whirlpool (R. A. Cole, Exodus [TOTC], 124; S. R. Driver, Exodus, 136). See F. M. Cross and D. N. Freedman, “The Song of Miriam,” JNES 14 (1955): 243-47.

[29:4]  ⁴ tn Here too the verb is Hiphil (now imperfect) meaning “bring near” the altar. The choice of this verb indicates that they were not merely being brought near, but that they were being formally presented to Yahweh as the offerings were.

[29:4]  ⁵ sn This is the washing referred to in Lev 8:6. This is a complete washing, not just of the hands and feet that would follow in the course of service. It had to serve as a symbolic ritual cleansing or purifying as the initial stage in the consecration. The imagery of washing will be used in the NT for regeneration (Titus 3:5).

[40:12]  ⁷ tn The verb is “bring near,” or “present,” to Yahweh.

[12:9]  ¹⁰ sn This ruling was to prevent their eating it just softened by the fire or partially roasted as differing customs might prescribe or allow.

[20:4]  ¹³ tn A פֶּסֶל (pesel) is an image that was carved out of wood or stone. The Law was concerned with a statue that would be made for the purpose of worship, an idol to be venerated, and not any ordinary statue.

[20:4]  ¹⁴ tn The word תְּמוּנָה (tÿmunah) refers to the mental pattern from which the פֶּסֶל (pesel) is constructed; it is a real or imagined resemblance. If this is to stand as a second object to the verb, then the verb itself takes a slightly different nuance here. It would convey “you shall not make an image, neither shall you conceive a form” for worship (B. Jacob, Exodus, 547). Some simply make the second word qualify the first: “you shall not make an idol in the form of…” (NIV).

[20:4]  ¹⁵ tn Here the phrase “of anything” has been supplied.

[20:4]  ¹⁶ tn Heb “under the earth” (so KJV, ASV, NASB, NRSV).