Exodus 15:16

15:16 Fear and dread ¹  will fall ²  on them;

by the greatness ³  of your arm they will be as still as stone ⁴ 

until ⁵  your people pass by, O Lord,

until the people whom you have bought ⁶  pass by.

Exodus 19:21

19:21 The Lord said to Moses, “Go down and solemnly warn ⁷  the people, lest they force their way through to the Lord to look, and many of them perish. ⁸ 

Exodus 21:18

21:18 “If men fight, and one strikes his neighbor with a stone or with his fist and he does not die, but must remain in bed, ⁹ 

Exodus 21:33

21:33 “If a man opens a pit or if a man digs a pit and does not cover it, and an ox or a donkey falls into it,

Exodus 32:28

32:28 The Levites did what Moses ordered, ¹⁰  and that day about three thousand men of the people died. ¹¹ 

[15:16]  ¹ tn The two words can form a nominal hendiadys, “a dreadful fear,” though most English versions retain the two separate terms.

[15:16]  ² tn The form is an imperfect.

[15:16]  ³ tn The adjective is in construct form and governs the noun “arm” (“arm” being the anthropomorphic expression for what God did). See GKC 428 §132.c.

[15:16]  ⁴ sn For a study of the words for fear, see N. Waldman, “A Comparative Note on Exodus 15:14-16,” JQR 66 (1976): 189-92.

[15:16]  ⁵ tn Clauses beginning with עַד (’ad) express a limit that is not absolute, but only relative, beyond which the action continues (GKC 446-47 §138.g).

[15:16]  ⁶ tn The verb קָנָה (qanah) here is the verb “acquire, purchase,” and probably not the homonym “to create, make” (see Gen 4:1; Deut 32:6; and Prov 8:22).

[19:21]  ⁷ tn The imperative הָעֵד (ha’ed) means “charge” them – put them under oath, or solemnly warn them. God wished to ensure that the people would not force their way past the barriers that had been set out.

[19:21]  ⁸ tn Heb “and fall”; NAB “be struck down.”

[21:18]  ¹³ tn Heb “falls to bed.”

[32:28]  ¹⁹ tn Heb “did according to the word of Moses.”

[32:28]  ²⁰ tn Heb “fell.”