Exodus 8:17

8:17 They did so; Aaron extended his hand with his staff, he struck the dust of the ground, and it became gnats on people ¹  and on animals. All the dust of the ground became gnats throughout all the land of Egypt.

Exodus 12:12

12:12 I will pass through ²  the land of Egypt in the same ³  night, and I will attack ⁴  all the firstborn in the land of Egypt, both of humans and of animals, ⁵  and on all the gods of Egypt I will execute judgment. ⁶  I am the Lord.

Exodus 31:6

31:6 Moreover, ⁷  I have also given him Oholiab son of Ahisamach, of the tribe of Dan, and I have given ability to all the specially skilled, ⁸  that they may make ⁹  everything I have commanded you:

Exodus 38:24

38:24 All the gold that was used for the work, in all the work of the sanctuary ¹⁰  (namely, ¹¹  the gold of the wave offering) was twenty-nine talents and 730 shekels, ¹²  according to the sanctuary shekel.

[8:17]  ¹ tn Heb “man,” but in the generic sense of “humans” or “people” (also in v. 18).

[12:12]  ² tn The verb וְעָבַרְתִּי (vÿ’avarti) is a Qal perfect with vav (ו) consecutive, announcing the future action of God in bringing judgment on the land. The word means “pass over, across, through.” This verb provides a contextual motive for the name “Passover.”

[12:12]  ³ tn Heb “this night.”

[12:12]  ⁴ tn The verb נָכָה (nakhah) means “to strike, smite, attack”; it does not always mean “to kill,” but that is obviously its outcome in this context. This is also its use in 2:12, describing how Moses killed the Egyptian and buried him in the sand.

[12:12]  ⁵ tn Heb “from man and to beast.”

[12:12]  ⁶ tn The phrase אֶעֱשֶׂה שְׁפָטִים (’e’eseh shÿfatim) is “I will do judgments.” The statement clearly includes what had begun in Exod 6:1. But the statement that God would judge the gods of Egypt is appropriately introduced here (see also Num 33:4) because with the judgment on Pharaoh and the deliverance from bondage, Yahweh would truly show himself to be the one true God. Thus, “I am Yahweh” is fitting here (see B. Jacob, Exodus, 312).

[31:6]  ³ tn The expression uses the independent personal pronoun (“and I”) with the deictic particle (“behold”) to enforce the subject of the verb – “and I, indeed I have given.”

[31:6]  ⁴ tn Heb “and in the heart of all that are wise-hearted I have put wisdom.”

[31:6]  ⁵ tn The form is a perfect with vav (ו) consecutive. The form at this place shows the purpose or the result of what has gone before, and so it is rendered “that they may make.”

[38:24]  ⁴ tn These words form the casus pendens, or independent nominative absolute, followed by the apodosis beginning with the vav (ו; see U. Cassuto, Exodus, 469).

[38:24]  ⁵ tn Heb “and it was.”

[38:24]  ⁶ sn There were 3000 shekels in a talent, and so the total weight here in shekels would be 87,730 shekels of gold. If the sanctuary shekel was 224 grs., then this was about 40,940 oz. troy. This is estimated to be a little over a ton (cf. NCV “over 2,000 pounds”; TEV “a thousand kilogrammes”; CEV “two thousand two hundred nine pounds”; NLT “about 2,200 pounds”), although other widely diverging estimates are also given.