Exodus 9:22

9:22 Then the Lord said to Moses, “Extend your hand toward the sky ¹  that there may be ²  hail in all the land of Egypt, on people and on animals, ³  and on everything that grows ⁴  in the field in the land of Egypt.”

Exodus 9:25

9:25 The hail struck everything in the open fields, both ⁵  people and animals, throughout all the land of Egypt. The hail struck everything that grows ⁶  in the field, and it broke all the trees of the field to pieces.

Exodus 10:12

10:12 The Lord said to Moses, “Extend your hand over the land of Egypt for ⁷  the locusts, that they may come up over the land of Egypt and eat everything that grows ⁸  in the ground, everything that the hail has left.”

[9:22]  ¹ tn Or “the heavens” (also in the following verse). The Hebrew term שָׁמַיִם (shamayim) may be translated “heavens” or “sky” depending on the context.

[9:22]  ² tn The jussive with the conjunction (וִיהִי, vihi) coming after the imperative provides the purpose or result.

[9:22]  ³ tn Heb “on man and on beast.”

[9:22]  ⁴ tn The noun refers primarily to cultivated grains. But here it seems to be the general heading for anything that grows from the ground, all vegetation and plant life, as opposed to what grows on trees.

[9:25]  ⁵ tn The exact expression is “from man even to beast.” R. J. Williams lists this as an example of the inclusive use of the preposition מִן (min) to be rendered “both…and” (Hebrew Syntax, 57, §327).

[9:25]  ⁶ tn Heb “all the cultivated grain of.”

[10:12]  ⁹ tn The preposition בְּ (bet) is unexpected here. BDB 91 s.v. (the note at the end of the entry) says that in this case it can only be read as “with the locusts,” meaning that the locusts were thought to be implicit in Moses’ lifting up of his hand. However, BDB prefers to change the preposition to לְ (lamed).

[10:12]  ¹⁰ tn The noun עֵשֶּׂב (’esev) normally would indicate cultivated grains, but in this context seems to indicate plants in general.