Exodus 9:25

9:25 The hail struck everything in the open fields, both ¹  people and animals, throughout all the land of Egypt. The hail struck everything that grows ²  in the field, and it broke all the trees of the field to pieces.

Exodus 22:6

22:6 “If a fire breaks out and spreads ³  to thorn bushes, ⁴  so that stacked grain or standing grain or the whole field is consumed, the one who started ⁵  the fire must surely make restitution.

Exodus 23:11

23:11 But in the seventh year ⁶  you must let it lie fallow and leave it alone so that the poor of your people may eat, and what they leave any animal in the field ⁷  may eat; you must do likewise with your vineyard and your olive grove.

Exodus 23:16

23:16 “You are also to observe ⁸  the Feast of Harvest, the firstfruits of your labors that you have sown in the field, and the Feast of Ingathering at the end of the year ⁹  when you have gathered in ¹⁰  your harvest ¹¹  out of the field.

Exodus 23:29

23:29 I will not drive them out before you in one year, lest the land become desolate and the wild animals ¹²  multiply against you.

Exodus 9:22

9:22 Then the Lord said to Moses, “Extend your hand toward the sky ¹³  that there may be ¹⁴  hail in all the land of Egypt, on people and on animals, ¹⁵  and on everything that grows ¹⁶  in the field in the land of Egypt.”

Exodus 10:5

10:5 They will cover ¹⁷  the surface ¹⁸  of the earth, so that you ¹⁹  will be unable to see the ground. They will eat the remainder of what escaped ²⁰  – what is left over ²¹  for you – from the hail, and they will eat every tree that grows for you from the field.

Exodus 10:15

10:15 They covered ²²  the surface ²³  of all the ground, so that the ground became dark with them, ²⁴  and they ate all the vegetation of the ground and all the fruit of the trees that the hail had left. Nothing green remained on the trees or on anything that grew in the fields throughout the whole land of Egypt.

[9:25]  ¹ tn The exact expression is “from man even to beast.” R. J. Williams lists this as an example of the inclusive use of the preposition מִן (min) to be rendered “both…and” (Hebrew Syntax, 57, §327).

[9:25]  ² tn Heb “all the cultivated grain of.”

[22:6]  ³ tn Heb “if a fire goes out and finds”; NLT “if a fire gets out of control.”

[22:6]  ⁴ sn Thorn bushes were used for hedges between fields, but thorn bushes also burned easily, making the fire spread rapidly.

[22:6]  ⁵ tn This is a Hiphil participle of the verb “to burn, kindle” used substantivally. This is the one who caused the fire, whether by accident or not.

[23:11]  ⁵ tn Heb “and the seventh year”; an adverbial accusative with a disjunctive vav (ו).

[23:11]  ⁶ tn Heb “living thing/creature/beast of the field.” A general term for animals, usually wild animals, including predators (cf. v. 29; Gen 2:19-20; Lev 26:22; Deut 7:22; 1 Sam 17:46; Job 5:22-23; Ezek 29:5; 34:5).

[23:16]  ⁷ tn The words “you are also to observe” are not in the Hebrew text, but are supplied in the translation for stylistic reasons.

[23:16]  ⁸ tn An infinitive construct with a preposition and a pronominal suffix is used to make a temporal clause: “in the going in of the year.” The word “year” is the subjective genitive, the subject of the clause.

[23:16]  ⁹ tn An infinitive construct with a preposition and a pronominal suffix is used to make a temporal clause: “in the ingathering of you.”

[23:16]  ¹⁰ tn Heb “gathered in your labors.” This is a metonymy of cause put for the effect. “Labors” are not gathered in, but what the labors produced – the harvest.

[23:29]  ⁹ tn Heb “the beast of the field.”

[9:22]  ¹¹ tn Or “the heavens” (also in the following verse). The Hebrew term שָׁמַיִם (shamayim) may be translated “heavens” or “sky” depending on the context.

[9:22]  ¹² tn The jussive with the conjunction (וִיהִי, vihi) coming after the imperative provides the purpose or result.

[9:22]  ¹³ tn Heb “on man and on beast.”

[9:22]  ¹⁴ tn The noun refers primarily to cultivated grains. But here it seems to be the general heading for anything that grows from the ground, all vegetation and plant life, as opposed to what grows on trees.

[10:5]  ¹³ tn The verbs describing the locusts are singular because it is a swarm or plague of locusts. This verb (וְכִסָּה, vÿkhissah, “cover”) is a Piel perfect with a vav consecutive; it carries the same future nuance as the participle before it.

[10:5]  ¹⁴ tn Heb “eye,” an unusual expression (see v. 15; Num 22:5, 11).

[10:5]  ¹⁵ tn The text has לִרְאֹת וְלֹא יוּכַל (vÿlo’ yukhal lir’ot, “and he will not be able to see”). The verb has no expressed subjects. The clause might, therefore, be given a passive translation: “so that [it] cannot be seen.” The whole clause is the result of the previous statement.

[10:5]  ¹⁶ sn As the next phrase explains “what escaped” refers to what the previous plague did not destroy. The locusts will devour everything, because there will not be much left from the other plagues for them to eat.

[10:5]  ¹⁷ tn הַנִּשְׁאֶרֶת (hannish’eret) parallels (by apposition) and adds further emphasis to the preceding two words; it is the Niphal participle, meaning “that which is left over.”

[10:15]  ¹⁵ tn Heb “and they covered.”

[10:15]  ¹⁶ tn Heb “eye,” an unusual expression (see v. 5; Num 22:5, 11).

[10:15]  ¹⁷ tn The verb is וַתֶּחְשַׁךְ (vattekhshakh, “and it became dark”). The idea is that the ground had the color of the swarms of locusts that covered it.