Ezekiel 22:6-13

22:6 “‘See how each of the princes of Israel living within you has used his authority to shed blood. ¹  22:7 They have treated father and mother with contempt ²  within you; they have oppressed the foreigner among you; they have wronged the orphan and the widow ³  within you. 22:8 You have despised my holy things and desecrated my Sabbaths! 22:9 Slanderous men shed blood within you. ⁴  Those who live within you eat pagan sacrifices on the mountains; ⁵  they commit obscene acts among you. ⁶  22:10 They have sex with their father’s wife within you; ⁷  they violate women during their menstrual period within you. ⁸  22:11 One ⁹  commits an abominable act with his neighbor’s wife; another obscenely defiles his daughter-in-law; another violates ¹⁰  his sister – his father’s daughter ¹¹  – within you. 22:12 They take bribes within you to shed blood. You engage in usury and charge interest; ¹²  you extort money from your neighbors. You have forgotten me, ¹³  declares the sovereign Lord. ¹⁴ 

22:13 “‘See, I strike my hands together ¹⁵  at the dishonest profit you have made, and at the bloodshed ¹⁶  they have done among you.

Ezekiel 22:25-29

22:25 Her princes ¹⁷  within her are like a roaring lion tearing its prey; they have devoured lives. They take away riches and valuable things; they have made many women widows ¹⁸  within it. 22:26 Her priests abuse my law and have desecrated my holy things. They do not distinguish between the holy and the profane, ¹⁹  or recognize any distinction between the unclean and the clean. They ignore ²⁰  my Sabbaths and I am profaned in their midst. 22:27 Her officials are like wolves in her midst rending their prey – shedding blood and destroying lives – so they can get dishonest profit. 22:28 Her prophets coat their messages with whitewash. ²¹  They see false visions and announce lying omens for them, saying, ‘This is what the sovereign Lord says,’ when the Lord has not spoken. 22:29 The people of the land have practiced extortion and committed robbery. They have wronged the poor and needy; they have oppressed the foreigner who lives among them and denied them justice. ²² 

[22:6]  ¹ tn Heb “Look! The princes of Israel, each according to his arm, were in you in order to shed blood.”

[22:7]  ² tn Heb “treated lightly, cursed.”

[22:7]  ³ tn Widows and orphans are often coupled together in the OT (Deut 14:29; 16:11, 14; 24:19-21; 26:12-13; Jer 7:6; 22:3). They represented all who were poor and vulnerable to economic exploitation.

[22:9]  ⁴ tn Heb “men of slander are in you in order to shed blood.”

[22:9]  ⁵ tn Heb “and on the mountains they eat within you.” The mountains mentioned here were the site of pagan sacrifices. See 18:6.

[22:9]  ⁶ sn This statement introduces vv. 10-11 and refers in general terms to the sexual sins described there. For the legal background of vv. 10-11, see Lev 18:7-20; 20:10-21; Deut 22:22-23, 30; 27:22.

[22:10]  ⁷ tn Heb “the nakedness of a father one uncovers within you.” The ancient versions read the verb as plural (“they uncover”). If the singular is retained, it must be taken as indefinite and representative of the entire group. The idiomatic expression “uncover the nakedness” refers here to sexual intercourse (cf. Lev 18:6). To uncover a father’s nakedness could include sexual relations with one’s own mother (Lev 18:7), but more likely it refers to having intercourse with another wife of one’s father, such as a stepmother (Lev 18:8; cf. Gen 35:22; 49:4).

[22:10]  ⁸ tn Heb “(one who is) unclean due to the impurity they humble within you.” The use of the verb “to humble” suggests that these men forced themselves upon women during menstruation. Having sexual relations with a woman during her period was forbidden by the Law (Lev 18:19; 20:18).

[22:11]  ⁹ tn Heb “a man.”

[22:11]  ¹⁰ tn The verb is the same one used in verse 10b and suggests forcible sexual violation of the woman.

[22:11]  ¹¹ sn Sexual relations with one’s half-sister may be primarily in view here. See Lev 18:9; 20:17.

[22:12]  ¹² tn Heb “usury and interest you take.” See 18:13, 17. This kind of economic exploitation violated the law given in Lev 25:36.

[22:12]  ¹³ sn Forgetting the Lord is also addressed in Deut 6:12; 8:11, 14; Jer 3:21; 13:25; Ezek 23:35; Hos 2:15; 8:14; 13:6.

[22:12]  ¹⁴ tn The second person verb forms are feminine singular in Hebrew, indicating that the personified city is addressed here as representing its citizens.

[22:13]  ¹⁵ sn This gesture apparently expresses mourning and/or anger (see 6:11; 21:14, 17).

[22:13]  ¹⁶ tn Heb “the blood which was in you.”

[22:25]  ¹⁷ tn Heb “a conspiracy of her prophets is in her midst.” The LXX reads “whose princes” rather than “a conspiracy of prophets.” The prophets are mentioned later in the paragraph (v. 28). If one follows the LXX in verse 25, then five distinct groups are mentioned in vv. 25-29: princes, priests, officials, prophets, and the people of the land. For a defense of the Septuagintal reading, see L. C. Allen, Ezekiel (WBC), 2:32, and D. I. Block, Ezekiel (NICOT), 1:720, n. 4.

[22:25]  ¹⁸ tn Heb “her widows they have multiplied.” The statement alludes to their murderous acts.

[22:26]  ¹⁹ tn Or “between the consecrated and the common.”

[22:26]  ²⁰ tn Heb “hide their eyes from.” The idiom means to disregard or ignore something or someone (see Lev 20:4; 1 Sam 12:3; Prov 28:27; Isa 1:15).

[22:28]  ²¹ tn Heb “her prophets coat for themselves with whitewash.” The expression may be based on Ezek 13:10-15.

[22:29]  ²² tn Heb “and the foreigner they have oppressed without justice.”