Genesis 1:8

1:8 God called the expanse “sky.” ¹  There was evening, and there was morning, a second day.

Genesis 14:19

14:19 He blessed Abram, saying,

“Blessed be Abram by ²  the Most High God,

Creator ³  of heaven and earth. ⁴ 

Genesis 14:22

14:22 But Abram replied to the king of Sodom, “I raise my hand ⁵  to the Lord, the Most High God, Creator of heaven and earth, and vow ⁶ 

Genesis 49:25

49:25 because of the God of your father,

who will help you, ⁷ 

because of the sovereign God, ⁸ 

who will bless you ⁹ 

with blessings from the sky above,

blessings from the deep that lies below,

and blessings of the breasts and womb. ¹⁰ 

[1:8]  ¹ tn Though the Hebrew word can mean “heaven,” it refers in this context to “the sky.”

[14:19]  ² tn The preposition לְ (lamed) introduces the agent after the passive participle.

[14:19]  ³ tn Some translate “possessor of heaven and earth” (cf. NASB). But cognate evidence from Ugaritic indicates that there were two homonymic roots ָקנָה (qanah), one meaning “to create” (as in Gen 4:1) and the other “to obtain, to acquire, to possess.” While “possessor” would fit here, “creator” is the more likely due to the collocation with “heaven and earth.”

[14:19]  ⁴ tn The terms translated “heaven” and “earth” are both objective genitives after the participle in construct.

[14:22]  ³ tn Abram takes an oath, raising his hand as a solemn gesture. The translation understands the perfect tense as having an instantaneous nuance: “Here and now I raise my hand.”

[14:22]  ⁴ tn The words “and vow” are not in the Hebrew text, but are supplied in the translation for clarification.

[49:25]  ⁴ tn Heb “and he will help you.”

[49:25]  ⁵ tn Heb “Shaddai.” See the note on the title “sovereign God” in Gen 17:1. The preposition אֵת (’et) in the Hebrew text should probably be emended to אֵל (’el, “God”).

[49:25]  ⁶ tn Heb “and he will bless you.”

[49:25]  ⁷ sn Jacob envisions God imparting both agricultural (blessings from the sky above, blessings from the deep that lies below) and human fertility (blessings of the breasts and womb) to Joseph and his family.