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Genesis 10:8-10

Context

10:8 Cush was the father of 1  Nimrod; he began to be a valiant warrior on the earth. 10:9 He was a mighty hunter 2  before the Lord. 3  (That is why it is said, “Like Nimrod, a mighty hunter before the Lord.”) 10:10 The primary regions 4  of his kingdom were Babel, 5  Erech, 6  Akkad, 7  and Calneh 8  in the land of Shinar. 9 

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[10:8]  1 tn Heb “fathered.” Embedded within Cush’s genealogy is an account of Nimrod, a mighty warrior. There have been many attempts to identify him, but none are convincing.

[10:9]  2 tn The Hebrew word for “hunt” is צַיִד (tsayid), which is used on occasion for hunting men (1 Sam 24:12; Jer 16:16; Lam 3:15).

[10:9]  3 tn Another option is to take the divine name here, לִפְנֵי יִהוָה (lifne yÿhvah, “before the Lord [YHWH]”), as a means of expressing the superlative degree. In this case one may translate “Nimrod was the greatest hunter in the world.”

[10:10]  4 tn Heb “beginning.” E. A. Speiser, Genesis (AB), 67, suggests “mainstays,” citing Jer 49:35 as another text where the Hebrew noun is so used.

[10:10]  5 tn Or “Babylon.”

[10:10]  6 sn Erech (ancient Uruk, modern Warka), one of the most ancient civilizations, was located southeast of Babylon.

[10:10]  7 sn Akkad, or ancient Agade, was associated with Sargon and located north of Babylon.

[10:10]  8 tn No such place is known in Shinar (i.e., Babylonia). Therefore some have translated the Hebrew term כַלְנֵה (khalneh) as “all of them,” referring to the three previous names (cf. NRSV).

[10:10]  9 sn Shinar is another name for Babylonia.



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