Genesis 19:4

19:4 Before they could lie down to sleep, ¹  all the men – both young and old, from every part of the city of Sodom – surrounded the house. ² 

Genesis 19:11

19:11 Then they struck the men who were at the door of the house, from the youngest to the oldest, ³  with blindness. The men outside ⁴  wore themselves out trying to find the door.

Genesis 39:11

39:11 One day ⁵  he went into the house to do his work when none of the household servants ⁶  were there in the house.

Genesis 40:14

40:14 But remember me ⁷  when it goes well for you, and show ⁸  me kindness. ⁹  Make mention ¹⁰  of me to Pharaoh and bring me out of this prison, ¹¹ 

[19:4]  ¹ tn The verb שָׁכַב (shakhav) means “to lie down, to recline,” that is, “to go to bed.” Here what appears to be an imperfect is a preterite after the adverb טֶרֶם (terem). The nuance of potential (perfect) fits well.

[19:4]  ² tn Heb “and the men of the city, the men of Sodom, surrounded the house, from the young to the old, all the people from the end [of the city].” The repetition of the phrase “men of” stresses all kinds of men.

[19:11]  ³ tn Heb “from the least to the greatest.”

[19:11]  ⁴ tn Heb “they”; the referent (the men of Sodom outside the door) has been specified in the translation for clarity.

[39:11]  ⁵ tn Heb “and it was about this day.”

[39:11]  ⁶ tn Heb “the men of the house.”

[40:14]  ⁷ tn Heb “but you have remembered me with you.” The perfect verbal form may be used rhetorically here to emphasize Joseph’s desire to be remembered. He speaks of the action as already being accomplished in order to make it clear that he expects it to be done. The form can be translated as volitional, expressing a plea or a request.

[40:14]  ⁸ tn This perfect verbal form with the prefixed conjunction (and the two that immediately follow) carry the same force as the preceding perfect.

[40:14]  ⁹ tn Heb “deal with me [in] kindness.”

[40:14]  ¹⁰ tn The verb זָכַר (zakhar) in the Hiphil stem means “to cause to remember, to make mention, to boast.” The implication is that Joseph would be pleased for them to tell his story and give him the credit due him so that Pharaoh would release him. Since Pharaoh had never met Joseph, the simple translation of “cause him to remember me” would mean little.

[40:14]  ¹¹ tn Heb “house.” The word “prison” has been substituted in the translation for clarity.