Genesis 2:19

2:19 The Lord God formed ¹  out of the ground every living animal of the field and every bird of the air. He brought them to the man to see what he would ²  name them, and whatever the man called each living creature, that was its name.

Genesis 20:7

20:7 But now give back the man’s wife. Indeed ³  he is a prophet ⁴  and he will pray for you; thus you will live. ⁵  But if you don’t give her back, ⁶  know that you will surely die ⁷  along with all who belong to you.”

Genesis 23:17

23:17 So Abraham secured ⁸  Ephron’s field in Machpelah, next to Mamre, including the field, the cave that was in it, and all the trees that were in the field and all around its border,

Genesis 24:10

24:10 Then the servant took ten of his master’s camels and departed with all kinds of gifts from his master at his disposal. ⁹  He journeyed ¹⁰  to the region of Aram Naharaim ¹¹  and the city of Nahor.

Genesis 30:32

30:32 Let me walk among ¹²  all your flocks today and remove from them every speckled or spotted sheep, every dark-colored lamb, ¹³  and the spotted or speckled goats. ¹⁴  These animals will be my wages. ¹⁵ 

Genesis 30:35

30:35 So that day Laban ¹⁶  removed the male goats that were streaked or spotted, all the female goats that were speckled or spotted (all that had any white on them), and all the dark-colored lambs, and put them in the care ¹⁷  of his sons.

Genesis 30:40

30:40 Jacob removed these lambs, but he made the rest of the flock face ¹⁸  the streaked and completely dark-colored animals in Laban’s flock. So he made separate flocks for himself and did not mix them with Laban’s flocks.

Genesis 31:43

31:43 Laban replied ¹⁹  to Jacob, “These women ²⁰  are my daughters, these children are my grandchildren, ²¹  and these flocks are my flocks. All that you see belongs to me. But how can I harm these daughters of mine today ²²  or the children to whom they have given birth?

[2:19]  ¹ tn Or “fashioned.” To harmonize the order of events with the chronology of chapter one, some translate the prefixed verb form with vav (ו) consecutive as a past perfect (“had formed,” cf. NIV) here. (In chapter one the creation of the animals preceded the creation of man; here the animals are created after the man.) However, it is unlikely that the Hebrew construction can be translated in this way in the middle of this pericope, for the criteria for unmarked temporal overlay are not present here. See S. R. Driver, A Treatise on the Use of the Tenses in Hebrew, 84-88, and especially R. Buth, “Methodological Collision between Source Criticism and Discourse Analysis,” Biblical Hebrew and Discourse Linguistics, 138-54. For a contrary viewpoint see IBHS 552-53 §33.2.3 and C. J. Collins, “The Wayyiqtol as ‘Pluperfect’: When and Why,” TynBul 46 (1995): 117-40.

[2:19]  ² tn The imperfect verb form is future from the perspective of the past time narrative.

[20:7]  ³ tn Or “for,” if the particle is understood as causal (as many English translations do) rather than asseverative.

[20:7]  ⁴ sn For a discussion of the term prophet see N. Walker, “What is a Nabhi?” ZAW 73 (1961): 99-100.

[20:7]  ⁵ tn After the preceding jussive (or imperfect), the imperative with vav conjunctive here indicates result.

[20:7]  ⁶ tn Heb “if there is not you returning.” The suffix on the particle becomes the subject of the negated clause.

[20:7]  ⁷ tn The imperfect is preceded by the infinitive absolute to make the warning emphatic.

[23:17]  ⁵ tn Heb “And it was conveyed.” The recipient, Abraham (mentioned in the Hebrew text at the beginning of v. 18) has been placed here in the translation for stylistic reasons.

[24:10]  ⁷ tn Heb “and every good thing of his master was in his hand.” The disjunctive clause is circumstantial, explaining that he took all kinds of gifts to be used at his discretion.

[24:10]  ⁸ tn Heb “and he arose and went.”

[24:10]  ⁹ tn The words “the region of” are not in the Hebrew text, but are supplied in the translation for clarity.

[30:32]  ⁹ tn Heb “pass through.”

[30:32]  ¹⁰ tn Or “every black lamb”; Heb “and every dark sheep among the lambs.”

[30:32]  ¹¹ tn Heb “and the spotted and speckled among the goats.”

[30:32]  ¹² tn Heb “and it will be my wage.” The referent collective singular pronoun (“it) has been specified as “these animals” in the translation for clarity.

[30:35]  ¹¹ tn Heb “he”; the referent (Laban) has been specified in the translation for clarity.

[30:35]  ¹² tn Heb “and he gave [them] into the hand.”

[30:40]  ¹³ tn Heb “and he set the faces of.”

[31:43]  ¹⁵ tn Heb “answered and said.”

[31:43]  ¹⁶ tn Heb “daughters.”

[31:43]  ¹⁷ tn Heb “children.”

[31:43]  ¹⁸ tn Heb “but to my daughters what can I do to these today?”