Genesis 4:22

4:22 Now Zillah also gave birth to Tubal-Cain, who heated metal and shaped ¹  all kinds of tools made of bronze and iron. The sister of Tubal-Cain was Naamah.

Genesis 10:25

10:25 Two sons were born to Eber: One was named Peleg because in his days the earth was divided, ²  and his brother’s name was Joktan.

Genesis 16:3

16:3 So after Abram had lived ³  in Canaan for ten years, Sarai, Abram’s wife, gave Hagar, her Egyptian servant, ⁴  to her husband to be his wife. ⁵ 

Genesis 21:26

21:26 “I do not know who has done this thing,” Abimelech replied. “Moreover, ⁶  you did not tell me. I did not hear about it until today.”

Genesis 25:13

25:13 These are the names of Ishmael’s sons, by their names according to their records: ⁷  Nebaioth (Ishmael’s firstborn), Kedar, Adbeel, Mibsam,

Genesis 36:15

36:15 These were the chiefs ⁸  among the descendants ⁹  of Esau, the sons of Eliphaz, Esau’s firstborn: chief Teman, chief Omar, chief Zepho, chief Kenaz,

Genesis 38:8

38:8 Then Judah said to Onan, “Have sexual relations with ¹⁰  your brother’s wife and fulfill the duty of a brother-in-law to her so that you may raise ¹¹  up a descendant for your brother.” ¹² 

Genesis 41:14

41:14 Then Pharaoh summoned ¹³  Joseph. So they brought him quickly out of the dungeon; he shaved himself, changed his clothes, and came before Pharaoh.

Genesis 41:50-51

41:50 Two sons were born to Joseph before the famine came. ¹⁴  Asenath daughter of Potiphera, priest of On, was their mother. ¹⁵  41:51 Joseph named the firstborn Manasseh, ¹⁶  saying, ¹⁷  “Certainly ¹⁸  God has made me forget all my trouble and all my father’s house.”

Genesis 41:54

41:54 Then the seven years of famine began, ¹⁹  just as Joseph had predicted. There was famine in all the other lands, but throughout the land of Egypt there was food.

[4:22]  ¹ tn The traditional rendering here, “who forged” (or “a forger of”) is now more commonly associated with counterfeit or fraud (e.g., “forged copies” or “forged checks”) than with the forging of metal. The phrase “heated metal and shaped [it]” has been used in the translation instead.

[10:25]  ² tn The expression “the earth was divided” may refer to dividing the land with canals, but more likely it anticipates the division of languages at Babel (Gen 11). The verb פָּלָג (palag, “separate, divide”) is used in Ps 55:9 for a division of languages.

[16:3]  ³ tn Heb “at the end of ten years, to live, Abram.” The prepositional phrase introduces the temporal clause, the infinitive construct serves as the verb, and the name “Abram” is the subject.

[16:3]  ⁴ tn Heb “the Egyptian, her female servant.”

[16:3]  ⁵ sn To be his wife. Hagar became a slave wife, not on equal standing with Sarai. However, if Hagar produced the heir, she would be the primary wife in the eyes of society. When this eventually happened, Hagar become insolent, prompting Sarai’s anger.

[21:26]  ⁴ tn Heb “and also.”

[25:13]  ⁵ tn The meaning of this line is not easily understood. The sons of Ishmael are listed here “by their names” and “according to their descendants.”

[36:15]  ⁶ tn Or “clan leaders” (so also throughout this chapter).

[36:15]  ⁷ tn Or “sons.”

[38:8]  ⁷ tn Heb “go to.” The expression is a euphemism for sexual intercourse.

[38:8]  ⁸ tn The imperative with the prefixed conjunction here indicates purpose.

[38:8]  ⁹ sn Raise up a descendant for your brother. The purpose of this custom, called the levirate system, was to ensure that no line of the family would become extinct. The name of the deceased was to be maintained through this custom of having a child by the nearest relative. See M. Burrows, “Levirate Marriage in Israel,” JBL 59 (1940): 23-33.

[41:14]  ⁸ tn Heb “and Pharaoh sent and called,” indicating a summons to the royal court.

[41:50]  ⁹ tn Heb “before the year of the famine came.”

[41:50]  ¹⁰ tn Heb “gave birth for him.”

[41:51]  ¹⁰ sn The name Manasseh (מְנַשֶּׁה, mÿnasheh) describes God’s activity on behalf of Joseph, explaining in general the significance of his change of fortune. The name is a Piel participle, suggesting the meaning “he who brings about forgetfulness.” The Hebrew verb נַשַּׁנִי (nashani) may have been used instead of the normal נִשַּׁנִי (nishani) to provide a closer sound play with the name. The giving of this Hebrew name to his son shows that Joseph retained his heritage and faith; and it shows that a brighter future was in store for him.

[41:51]  ¹¹ tn The word “saying” has been supplied in the translation for stylistic reasons.

[41:51]  ¹² tn Or “for.”

[41:54]  ¹¹ tn Heb “began to arrive.”