Genesis 4:22

4:22 Now Zillah also gave birth to Tubal-Cain, who heated metal and shaped ¹  all kinds of tools made of bronze and iron. The sister of Tubal-Cain was Naamah.

Genesis 49:15

49:15 When he sees ²  a good resting place,

and the pleasant land,

he will bend his shoulder to the burden

and become a slave laborer. ³ 

[4:22]  ¹ tn The traditional rendering here, “who forged” (or “a forger of”) is now more commonly associated with counterfeit or fraud (e.g., “forged copies” or “forged checks”) than with the forging of metal. The phrase “heated metal and shaped [it]” has been used in the translation instead.

[49:15]  ² tn The verb forms in this verse (“sees,” “will bend,” and “[will] become”) are preterite; they is used in a rhetorical manner, describing the future as if it had already transpired.

[49:15]  ³ sn The oracle shows that the tribe of Issachar will be willing to trade liberty for the material things of life. Issachar would work (become a slave laborer) for the Canaanites, a reversal of the oracle on Canaan. See C. M. Carmichael, “Some Sayings in Genesis 49,” JBL 88 (1969): 435-44; and S. Gevirtz, “The Issachar Oracle in the Testament of Jacob,” ErIsr 12 (1975): 104-12.