Discovery BoxGenesis 49:29--50:14
Context49:29 Then he instructed them, 1 “I am about to go 2 to my people. Bury me with my fathers in the cave in the field of Ephron the Hittite. 49:30 It is the cave in the field of Machpelah, near Mamre in the land of Canaan, which Abraham bought for a burial plot from Ephron the Hittite. 49:31 There they buried Abraham and his wife Sarah; there they buried Isaac and his wife Rebekah; and there I buried Leah. 49:32 The field and the cave in it were acquired from the sons of Heth.” 3
49:33 When Jacob finished giving these instructions to his sons, he pulled his feet up onto the bed, breathed his last breath, and went 4 to his people.
50:1 Then Joseph hugged his father’s face. 5 He wept over him and kissed him. 50:2 Joseph instructed the physicians in his service 6 to embalm his father, so the physicians embalmed Israel. 50:3 They took forty days, for that is the full time needed for embalming. 7 The Egyptians mourned 8 for him seventy days. 9
50:4 When the days of mourning 10 had passed, Joseph said to Pharaoh’s royal court, 11 “If I have found favor in your sight, please say to Pharaoh, 12 50:5 ‘My father made me swear an oath. He said, 13 “I am about to die. Bury me 14 in my tomb that I dug for myself there in the land of Canaan.” Now let me go and bury my father; then I will return.’” 50:6 So Pharaoh said, “Go and bury your father, just as he made you swear to do.” 15
50:7 So Joseph went up to bury his father; all Pharaoh’s officials went with him – the senior courtiers 16 of his household, all the senior officials of the land of Egypt, 50:8 all Joseph’s household, his brothers, and his father’s household. But they left their little children and their flocks and herds in the land of Goshen. 50:9 Chariots and horsemen also went up with him, so it was a very large entourage. 17
50:10 When they came to the threshing floor of Atad 18 on the other side of the Jordan, they mourned there with very great and bitter sorrow. 19 There Joseph observed a seven day period of mourning for his father. 50:11 When the Canaanites who lived in the land saw them mourning at the threshing floor of Atad, they said, “This is a very sad occasion 20 for the Egyptians.” That is why its name was called 21 Abel Mizraim, 22 which is beyond the Jordan.
50:12 So the sons of Jacob did for him just as he had instructed them. 50:13 His sons carried him to the land of Canaan and buried him in the cave of the field of Machpelah, near Mamre. This is the field Abraham purchased as a burial plot from Ephron the Hittite. 50:14 After he buried his father, Joseph returned to Egypt, along with his brothers and all who had accompanied him to bury his father.
[49:29] 1 tn The Hebrew text adds “and he said to them,” which is not included in the translation because it is redundant in English.
[49:29] 2 tn Heb “I am about to be gathered” The participle is used here to describe what is imminent.
[49:32] 3 tn Some translate the Hebrew term “Heth” as “Hittites” here (see also Gen 23:3), but this gives the impression that these people were the classical Hittites of Anatolia. However, there is no known connection between these sons of Heth, apparently a Canaanite group (see Gen 10:15), and the Hittites of Asia Minor. See H. A. Hoffner, Jr., “Hittites,” Peoples of the Old Testament World, 152-53.
[49:33] 4 tn Heb “was gathered.”
[50:1] 5 tn Heb “fell on.” The expression describes Joseph’s unrestrained sorrow over Jacob’s death; he probably threw himself across the body and embraced his father.
[50:2] 6 tn Heb “his servants the physicians.”
[50:3] 7 tn Heb “and forty days were fulfilled for him, for thus are fulfilled the days of embalming.”
[50:3] 9 sn Seventy days. This probably refers to a time of national mourning.
[50:4] 11 tn Heb “the house of Pharaoh.”
[50:4] 12 tn Heb “in the ears of Pharaoh.”
[50:5] 14 tn The imperfect verbal form here has the force of a command.
[50:6] 15 tn Heb “he made you swear on oath.”
[50:7] 16 tn Or “dignitaries”; Heb “elders.”
[50:10] 18 sn The location of the threshing floor of Atad is not certain. The expression the other side of the Jordan could refer to the eastern or western bank, depending on one’s perspective. However, it is commonly used in the OT for Transjordan. This would suggest that the entourage came up the Jordan Valley and crossed into the land at Jericho, just as the Israelites would in the time of Joshua.
[50:10] 19 tn Heb “and they mourned there [with] very great and heavy mourning.” The cognate accusative, as well as the two adjectives and the adverb, emphasize the degree of their sorrow.
[50:11] 20 tn Heb “this is heavy mourning for Egypt.”
[50:11] 21 tn The verb has no expressed subject and so it may be translated as passive.
[50:11] 22 sn The name Abel Mizraim means “the mourning of Egypt.”
