Genesis 7:10

7:10 And after seven days the floodwaters engulfed the earth. ¹ 

Genesis 18:18

18:18 After all, Abraham ²  will surely become ³  a great and powerful nation, and all the nations on the earth will pronounce blessings on one another ⁴  using his name.

Genesis 25:3

25:3 Jokshan became the father of Sheba and Dedan. ⁵  The descendants of Dedan were the Asshurites, Letushites, and Leummites.

Genesis 27:23

27:23 He did not recognize him because his hands were hairy, like his brother Esau’s hands. So Isaac blessed Jacob. ⁶ 

Genesis 42:11

42:11 We are all the sons of one man; we are honest men! Your servants are not spies.”

Genesis 8:5

8:5 The waters kept on receding ⁷  until the tenth month. On the first day of the tenth month, the tops of the mountains became visible. ⁸ 

Genesis 34:5

34:5 When ⁹  Jacob heard that Shechem ¹⁰  had violated his daughter Dinah, his sons were with the livestock in the field. So Jacob remained silent ¹¹  until they came in.

Genesis 36:13-14

36:13 These were the sons of Reuel: Nahath, Zerah, Shammah, and Mizzah. These were the sons ¹²  of Esau’s wife Basemath.

36:14 These were the sons of Esau’s wife Oholibamah the daughter of Anah and granddaughter ¹³  of Zibeon: She bore Jeush, Jalam, and Korah to Esau.

Genesis 42:36

42:36 Their father Jacob said to them, “You are making me childless! Joseph is gone. ¹⁴  Simeon is gone. ¹⁵  And now you want to take ¹⁶  Benjamin! Everything is against me.”

Genesis 46:32

46:32 The men are shepherds; ¹⁷  they take care of livestock. ¹⁸  They have brought their flocks and their herds and all that they have.’

Genesis 6:4

6:4 The Nephilim ¹⁹  were on the earth in those days (and also after this) ²⁰  when the sons of God were having sexual relations with ²¹  the daughters of humankind, who gave birth to their children. ²²  They were the mighty heroes ²³  of old, the famous men. ²⁴ 

Genesis 41:48

41:48 Joseph ²⁵  collected all the excess food ²⁶  in the land of Egypt during the seven years and stored it in the cities. ²⁷  In every city he put the food gathered from the fields around it.

Genesis 46:34

46:34 Tell him, ‘Your servants have taken care of cattle ²⁸  from our youth until now, both we and our fathers,’ so that you may live in the land of Goshen, ²⁹  for everyone who takes care of sheep is disgusting ³⁰  to the Egyptians.”

Genesis 47:9

47:9 Jacob said to Pharaoh, “All ³¹  the years of my travels ³²  are 130. All ³³  the years of my life have been few and painful; ³⁴  the years of my travels are not as long as those of my ancestors.” ³⁵ 

[7:10]  ¹ tn Heb “came upon.”

[18:18]  ² tn Heb “And Abraham.” The disjunctive clause is probably causal, giving a reason why God should not hide his intentions from Abraham. One could translate, “Should I hide from Abraham what I am about to do, seeing that Abraham will surely become a great and powerful nation?”

[18:18]  ³ tn The infinitive absolute lends emphasis to the finite verb that follows.

[18:18]  ⁴ tn Theoretically the Niphal can be translated either as passive or reflexive/reciprocal. (The Niphal of “bless” is only used in formulations of the Abrahamic covenant. See Gen 12:2; 18:18; 28:14.) Traditionally the verb is taken as passive here, as if Abram were going to be a channel or source of blessing. But in later formulations of the Abrahamic covenant (see Gen 22:18; 26:4) the Hitpael replaces this Niphal form, suggesting a translation “will bless [i.e., “pronounce blessings upon”] themselves [or “one another”].” The Hitpael of “bless” is used with a reflexive/reciprocal sense in Deut 29:18; Ps 72:17; Isa 65:16; Jer 4:2. Gen 18:18 (like 12:2) predicts that Abraham will be held up as a paradigm of divine blessing and that people will use his name in their blessing formulae. For examples of blessing formulae utilizing an individual as an example of blessing see Gen 48:20 and Ruth 4:11.

[25:3]  ³ sn The names Sheba and Dedan appear in Gen 10:7 as descendants of Ham through Cush and Raamah. Since these two names are usually interpreted to be place names, one plausible suggestion is that some of Abraham’s descendants lived in those regions and took names linked with it.

[27:23]  ⁴ tn Heb “and he blessed him.” The referents of the pronouns “he” (Isaac) and “him” (Jacob) have been specified in the translation for clarity.

[8:5]  ⁵ tn Heb “the waters were going and lessening.” The perfect verb form הָיָה (hayah) is used as an auxiliary verb with the infinitive absolute חָסוֹר (khasor, “lessening”), while the infinitive absolute הָלוֹךְ (halokh) indicates continuous action.

[8:5]  ⁶ tn Or “could be seen.”

[34:5]  ⁶ tn The two disjunctive clauses in this verse (“Now Jacob heard…and his sons were”) are juxtaposed to indicate synchronic action.

[34:5]  ⁷ tn Heb “he”; the referent (Shechem) has been specified in the translation for clarity.

[34:5]  ⁸ sn The expected response would be anger or rage; but Jacob remained silent. He appears too indifferent or confused to act decisively. When the leader does not act decisively, the younger zealots will, and often with disastrous results.

[36:13]  ⁷ tn Or “grandsons” (NIV); “descendants” (NEB).

[36:14]  ⁸ tn Heb “daughter,” but see Gen 36:24-25.

[42:36]  ⁹ tn Heb “is not.”

[42:36]  ¹⁰ tn Heb “is not.”

[42:36]  ¹¹ tn The nuance of the imperfect verbal form is desiderative here.

[46:32]  ¹⁰ tn Heb “feeders of sheep.”

[46:32]  ¹¹ tn Heb “for men of livestock they are.”

[6:4]  ¹¹ tn The Hebrew word נְפִילִים (nÿfilim) is simply transliterated here, because the meaning of the term is uncertain. According to the text, the Nephilim became mighty warriors and gained great fame in the antediluvian world. The text may imply they were the offspring of the sexual union of the “sons of God” and the “daughters of humankind” (v. 2), but it stops short of saying this in a direct manner. The Nephilim are mentioned in the OT only here and in Num 13:33, where it is stated that they were giants (thus KJV, TEV, NLT “giants” here). The narrator observes that the Anakites of Canaan were descendants of the Nephilim. Certainly these later Anakite Nephilim could not be descendants of the antediluvian Nephilim (see also the following note on the word “this”).

[6:4]  ¹² tn This observation is parenthetical, explaining that there were Nephilim even after the flood. If all humankind, with the exception of Noah and his family, died in the flood, it is difficult to understand how the postdiluvian Nephilim could be related to the antediluvian Nephilim or how the Anakites of Canaan could be their descendants (see Num 13:33). It is likely that the term Nephilim refers generally to “giants” (see HALOT 709 s.v. נְפִילִים) without implying any ethnic connection between the antediluvian and postdiluvian varieties.

[6:4]  ¹³ tn Heb “were entering to,” referring euphemistically to sexual intercourse here. The Hebrew imperfect verbal form draws attention to the ongoing nature of such sexual unions during the time before the flood.

[6:4]  ¹⁴ tn Heb “and they gave birth to them.” The masculine plural suffix “them” refers to the “sons of God,” to whom the “daughters of humankind” bore children. After the Qal form of the verb יָלָד (yalad, “to give birth”) the preposition לְ (lÿ, “to”) introduces the father of the child(ren). See Gen 16:1, 15; 17:19, 21; 21:2-3, 9; 22:23; 24:24, 47; 25:2, etc.

[6:4]  ¹⁵ tn The parenthetical/explanatory clause uses the word הַגִּבֹּרִים (haggibborim) to describe these Nephilim. The word means “warriors; mighty men; heroes.” The appositional statement further explains that they were “men of renown.” The text refers to superhuman beings who held the world in their power and who lived on in ancient lore outside the Bible. See E. A. Speiser, Genesis (AB), 45-46; C. Westermann, Genesis, 1:379-80; and Anne D. Kilmer, “The Mesopotamian Counterparts of the Biblical Nephilim,” Perspectives on Language and Text, 39-43.

[6:4]  ¹⁶ tn Heb “men of name” (i.e., famous men).

[41:48]  ¹² tn Heb “he”; the referent (Joseph) has been specified in the translation for clarity.

[41:48]  ¹³ tn Heb “all the food.”

[41:48]  ¹⁴ tn Heb “of the seven years which were in the land of Egypt and placed food in the cities.”

[46:34]  ¹³ tn Heb “your servants are men of cattle.”

[46:34]  ¹⁴ sn So that you may live in the land of Goshen. Joseph is apparently trying to stress to Pharaoh that his family is self-sufficient, that they will not be a drain on the economy of Egypt. But they will need land for their animals and so Goshen, located on the edge of Egypt, would be a suitable place for them to live. The settled Egyptians were uneasy with nomadic people, but if Jacob and his family settled in Goshen they would represent no threat.

[46:34]  ¹⁵ tn Heb “is an abomination.” The Hebrew word תּוֹעֵבָה (to’evah, “abomination”) describes something that is loathsome or off-limits. For other practices the Egyptians considered disgusting, see Gen 43:32 and Exod 8:22.

[47:9]  ¹⁴ tn Heb “the days of.”

[47:9]  ¹⁵ tn Heb “sojournings.” Jacob uses a term that depicts him as one who has lived an unsettled life, temporarily residing in many different places.

[47:9]  ¹⁶ tn Heb “the days of.”

[47:9]  ¹⁷ tn The Hebrew word רַע (ra’) can sometimes mean “evil,” but that would give the wrong connotation here, where it refers to pain, difficulty, and sorrow. Jacob is thinking back through all the troubles he had to endure to get to this point.

[47:9]  ¹⁸ tn Heb “and they have not reached the days of the years of my fathers in the days of their sojournings.”