Genesis 8:3

8:3 The waters kept receding steadily ¹  from the earth, so that they ²  had gone down ³  by the end of the 150 days.

Genesis 47:21

47:21 Joseph ⁴  made all the people slaves ⁵  from one end of Egypt’s border to the other end of it.

Genesis 19:4

19:4 Before they could lie down to sleep, ⁶  all the men – both young and old, from every part of the city of Sodom – surrounded the house. ⁷ 

[8:3]  ¹ tn The construction combines a Qal preterite from שׁוּב (shuv) with its infinitive absolute to indicate continuous action. The infinitive absolute from הָלָךְ (halakh) is included for emphasis: “the waters returned…going and returning.”

[8:3]  ² tn Heb “the waters.” The pronoun (“they”) has been employed in the translation for stylistic reasons.

[8:3]  ³ tn The vav (ו) consecutive with the preterite here describes the consequence of the preceding action.

[47:21]  ⁴ tn Heb “and he”; the referent (Joseph) has been specified in the translation for clarity.

[47:21]  ⁵ tc The MT reads “and the people he removed to the cities,” which does not make a lot of sense in this context. The Samaritan Pentateuch and the LXX read “he enslaved them as slaves.”

[19:4]  ⁷ tn The verb שָׁכַב (shakhav) means “to lie down, to recline,” that is, “to go to bed.” Here what appears to be an imperfect is a preterite after the adverb טֶרֶם (terem). The nuance of potential (perfect) fits well.

[19:4]  ⁸ tn Heb “and the men of the city, the men of Sodom, surrounded the house, from the young to the old, all the people from the end [of the city].” The repetition of the phrase “men of” stresses all kinds of men.