Genesis 8:6-19

8:6 At the end of forty days, ¹  Noah opened the window he had made in the ark ²  8:7 and sent out a raven; it kept flying ³  back and forth until the waters had dried up on the earth.

8:8 Then Noah ⁴  sent out a dove ⁵  to see if the waters had receded ⁶  from the surface of the ground. 8:9 The dove could not find a resting place for its feet because water still covered ⁷  the surface of the entire earth, and so it returned to Noah ⁸  in the ark. He stretched out his hand, took the dove, ⁹  and brought it back into the ark. ¹⁰  8:10 He waited seven more days and then sent out the dove again from the ark. 8:11 When ¹¹  the dove returned to him in the evening, there was ¹²  a freshly plucked olive leaf in its beak! Noah knew that the waters had receded from the earth. 8:12 He waited another seven days and sent the dove out again, ¹³  but it did not return to him this time. ¹⁴ 

8:13 In Noah’s six hundred and first year, ¹⁵  in the first day of the first month, the waters had dried up from the earth, and Noah removed the covering from the ark and saw that ¹⁶  the surface of the ground was dry. 8:14 And by the twenty-seventh day of the second month the earth ¹⁷  was dry.

8:15 Then God spoke to Noah and said, 8:16 “Come out of the ark, you, your wife, your sons, and your sons’ wives with you. 8:17 Bring out with you all the living creatures that are with you. Bring out ¹⁸  every living thing, including the birds, animals, and every creeping thing that creeps on the earth. Let them increase ¹⁹  and be fruitful and multiply on the earth!” ²⁰ 

8:18 Noah went out along with his sons, his wife, and his sons’ wives. 8:19 Every living creature, every creeping thing, every bird, and everything that moves on the earth went out of the ark in their groups.

[8:6]  ¹ tn The introductory verbal form וַיְהִי (vayÿhi), traditionally rendered “and it came to pass,” serves as a temporal indicator and has not been translated here.

[8:6]  ² tn Heb “opened the window in the ark which he had made.” The perfect tense (“had made”) refers to action preceding the opening of the window, and is therefore rendered as a past perfect. Since in English “had made” could refer to either the ark or the window, the order of the phrases was reversed in the translation to clarify that the window is the referent.

[8:7]  ³ tn Heb “and it went out, going out and returning.” The Hebrew verb יָצָא (yatsa’), translated here “flying,” is modified by two infinitives absolute indicating that the raven went back and forth.

[8:8]  ⁴ tn Heb “he”; the referent (Noah) has been specified in the translation for clarity.

[8:8]  ⁵ tn The Hebrew text adds “from him.” This has not been translated for stylistic reasons, because it is redundant in English.

[8:8]  ⁶ tn The Hebrew verb קָלָל (qalal) normally means “to be light, to be slight”; it refers here to the waters receding.

[8:9]  ⁷ tn The words “still covered” is supplied in the translation for stylistic reasons.

[8:9]  ⁸ tn Heb “him”; the referent (Noah) has been specified in the translation for clarity.

[8:9]  ⁹ tn Heb “it”; the referent (the dove) has been specified in the translation for clarity.

[8:9]  ¹⁰ tn Heb “and he brought it to himself to the ark.”

[8:11]  ¹¹ tn The clause introduced by vav (ו) consecutive is translated as a temporal clause subordinated to the following clause.

[8:11]  ¹² tn The deictic particle הִנֵּה (hinneh) draws attention to the olive leaf. It invites readers to enter into the story, as it were, and look at the olive leaf with their own eyes.

[8:12]  ¹³ tn The word “again” is not in the Hebrew text, but is supplied in the translation for stylistic reasons.

[8:12]  ¹⁴ tn Heb “it did not again return to him still.” For a study of this section of the flood narrative, see W. O. E. Oesterley, “The Dove with the Olive Leaf (Gen VIII 8–11),” ExpTim 18 (1906/07): 377-78.

[8:13]  ¹⁵ tn Heb In the six hundred and first year.” Since this refers to the six hundred and first year of Noah’s life, the word “Noah’s” has been supplied in the translation for clarity.

[8:13]  ¹⁶ tn Heb “and saw and look.” As in v. 11, the deictic particle הִנֵּה (hinneh) invites readers to enter into the story, as it were, and look at the dry ground with their own eyes.

[8:14]  ¹⁷ tn In v. 13 the ground (הָאֲדָמָה, ha’adamah) is dry; now the earth (הָאָרֶץ, ha’arets) is dry.

[8:17]  ¹⁸ tn The words “bring out” are not in the Hebrew text, but are supplied in the translation for stylistic reasons.

[8:17]  ¹⁹ tn Following the Hiphil imperative, “bring out,” the three perfect verb forms with vav (ו) consecutive carry an imperatival nuance. For a discussion of the Hebrew construction here and the difficulty of translating it into English, see S. R. Driver, A Treatise on the Use of the Tenses in Hebrew, 124-25.

[8:17]  ²⁰ tn Heb “and let them swarm in the earth and be fruitful and multiply on the earth.”