Genesis 9:24

9:24 When Noah awoke from his drunken stupor ¹  he learned ²  what his youngest son had done ³  to him.

Genesis 4:17

The Beginning of Civilization

4:17 Cain had marital relations ⁴  with his wife, and she became pregnant ⁵  and gave birth to Enoch. Cain was building a city, and he named the city after ⁶  his son Enoch.

Genesis 8:11

8:11 When ⁷  the dove returned to him in the evening, there was ⁸  a freshly plucked olive leaf in its beak! Noah knew that the waters had receded from the earth.

Genesis 4:25

4:25 And Adam had marital relations ⁹  with his wife again, and she gave birth to a son. She named him Seth, saying, “God has given ¹⁰  me another child ¹¹  in place of Abel because Cain killed him.”

Genesis 38:9

38:9 But Onan knew that the child ¹²  would not be considered his. ¹³  So whenever ¹⁴  he had sexual relations with ¹⁵  his brother’s wife, he withdrew prematurely ¹⁶  so as not to give his brother a descendant.

[9:24]  ¹ tn Heb “his wine,” used here by metonymy for the drunken stupor it produced.

[9:24]  ² tn Heb “he knew.”

[9:24]  ³ tn The Hebrew verb עָשָׂה (’asah, “to do”) carries too general a sense to draw the conclusion that Ham had to have done more than look on his father’s nakedness and tell his brothers.

[4:17]  ⁴ tn Heb “knew,” a frequent euphemism for sexual relations.

[4:17]  ⁵ tn Or “she conceived.”

[4:17]  ⁶ tn Heb “according to the name of.”

[8:11]  ⁷ tn The clause introduced by vav (ו) consecutive is translated as a temporal clause subordinated to the following clause.

[8:11]  ⁸ tn The deictic particle הִנֵּה (hinneh) draws attention to the olive leaf. It invites readers to enter into the story, as it were, and look at the olive leaf with their own eyes.

[4:25]  ¹⁰ tn Heb “knew,” a frequent euphemism for sexual relations.

[4:25]  ¹¹ sn The name Seth probably means something like “placed”; “appointed”; “set”; “granted,” assuming it is actually related to the verb that is used in the sentiment. At any rate, the name שֵׁת (shet) and the verb שָׁת (shat, “to place, to appoint, to set, to grant”) form a wordplay (paronomasia).

[4:25]  ¹² tn Heb “offspring.”

[38:9]  ¹³ tn Heb “offspring.”

[38:9]  ¹⁴ tn Heb “would not be his,” that is, legally speaking. Under the levirate system the child would be legally considered the child of his deceased brother.

[38:9]  ¹⁵ tn The construction shows that this was a repeated practice and not merely one action.

[38:9]  ¹⁶ tn Heb “he went to.” This expression is a euphemism for sexual intercourse.

[38:9]  ¹⁷ tn Heb “he spoiled [his semen] to the ground.” Onan withdrew prematurely and ejaculated on the ground to prevent his brother’s widow from becoming pregnant.